Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of implementing hashing and digital signatures in ensuring data integrity?
What is the primary purpose of implementing hashing and digital signatures in ensuring data integrity?
- To detect any unauthorized modifications to data (correct)
- To encrypt data for secure transmission
- To prevent unauthorized access to data
- To ensure reliability and accuracy of information
What is the purpose of providing a computed checksum and the hash function used to compute it?
What is the purpose of providing a computed checksum and the hash function used to compute it?
- To encrypt the data for secure storage
- To prevent data tampering during transmission
- To validate the accuracy and completeness of the data (correct)
- To compress the data for faster transmission
What is an essential component of a Service Level Agreement (SLA) in ensuring availability requirements?
What is an essential component of a Service Level Agreement (SLA) in ensuring availability requirements?
- Mean Time To Repair (MTTR)
- Recovery Time Objective (RTO)
- Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)
- Maximum Tolerable Downtime (MTD) (correct)
What is the topic that Professor Raymond Chan will discuss in the second half of the module?
What is the topic that Professor Raymond Chan will discuss in the second half of the module?
Why is it important to have a security checklist?
Why is it important to have a security checklist?
What is the primary goal of availability requirements?
What is the primary goal of availability requirements?
What is the purpose of measuring Maximum Tolerable Downtime (MTD) in a Service Level Agreement (SLA)?
What is the purpose of measuring Maximum Tolerable Downtime (MTD) in a Service Level Agreement (SLA)?
What is the primary benefit of using checksum validation?
What is the primary benefit of using checksum validation?
What should a Security Checklist contain?
What should a Security Checklist contain?
What is the main objective of implementing a Random Number Generator in a security protocol?
What is the main objective of implementing a Random Number Generator in a security protocol?
What type of attack involves determining sensitive information through indirect means?
What type of attack involves determining sensitive information through indirect means?
What Act should be considered when dealing with personal data storage?
What Act should be considered when dealing with personal data storage?
What is an example of a data requirement?
What is an example of a data requirement?
What is a consequence of failing to categorize suspicious activity as a cyberattack?
What is a consequence of failing to categorize suspicious activity as a cyberattack?
What is the name of the checklist provided by SANS for securing web application technologies?
What is the name of the checklist provided by SANS for securing web application technologies?
What can be leaked through direct or indirect means?
What can be leaked through direct or indirect means?
What is the primary goal of a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?
What is the primary goal of a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?
Which of the following is NOT a method to mitigate DDoS attacks?
Which of the following is NOT a method to mitigate DDoS attacks?
What is an example of an availability requirement?
What is an example of an availability requirement?
What is the purpose of a Content Distribution Network (CDN) in DDoS attack mitigation?
What is the purpose of a Content Distribution Network (CDN) in DDoS attack mitigation?
Which of the following is an example of a mission critical functionality?
Which of the following is an example of a mission critical functionality?
What is the primary goal of DNS load balancing in DDoS attack mitigation?
What is the primary goal of DNS load balancing in DDoS attack mitigation?
What is the purpose of hiding IP addresses in DDoS attack mitigation?
What is the purpose of hiding IP addresses in DDoS attack mitigation?
What is the purpose of replicating software and data across data centers?
What is the purpose of replicating software and data across data centers?
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Study Notes
DDoS Attacks and Mitigation
- DDoS attacks aim to compromise system availability by flooding systems with useless work, cutting off network access, or triggering infinite loops
- Examples of DDoS attacks include Microsoft Service Outage on 21/07/2022
Mitigating DDoS Attacks
- DNS load balancing
- Server load balancing
- Content Distribution Network
- Firewall:
- Layer 3: Network Firewall
- Layer 5 (7): App Firewall
- HIDE ALL IP ADDRESSES
Availability Requirements
- Ensure high availability of five nines (99.999%)
- Specify the number of simultaneous users (e.g., 300 users)
- Implement load balancing and redundancy across data centers
- Define recovery time objectives (RTO) for:
- Mission critical functionality (1 hour)
- Mission essential functionality (4 hours)
- Mission support functionality (24 hours)
Data Requirements
- Identify the types of data to be stored (e.g., personal data, finance, communication, credit card information)
- Consider Personal Data Protection Act requirements
Data Leakage
- Information can be leaked directly or indirectly (side channels)
- Examples: SingHealth data leakage cases
Integrity Requirements
- Prevent unauthorized modifications to ensure system and data integrity
- Implement security controls like hashing and digital signatures
- Capture specifications like protocols, data randomness strength (e.g., salt length) in security checklists
- Ensure reliability and accuracy of information
Integrity and Security Checklists
- OWASP Security Code Checklist
- Static code analysis
Security Best Practices
- Be cautious when downloading software from official websites
- Verify software integrity using checksums and hash functions
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