DDoS Attacks and Cyber Security

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of implementing hashing and digital signatures in ensuring data integrity?

To detect any unauthorized modifications to data (correct)

To encrypt data for secure transmission

To prevent unauthorized access to data

To ensure reliability and accuracy of information

What is the purpose of providing a computed checksum and the hash function used to compute it?

To encrypt the data for secure storage

To prevent data tampering during transmission

To validate the accuracy and completeness of the data (correct)

To compress the data for faster transmission

What is an essential component of a Service Level Agreement (SLA) in ensuring availability requirements?

Mean Time To Repair (MTTR)

Recovery Time Objective (RTO)

Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF)

Maximum Tolerable Downtime (MTD) (correct)

What is the topic that Professor Raymond Chan will discuss in the second half of the module?

Static Code Analysis Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to have a security checklist?

To ensure system integrity and reliability Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of availability requirements?

To protect against unwanted destruction or disruption of services Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring Maximum Tolerable Downtime (MTD) in a Service Level Agreement (SLA)?

To set a threshold for acceptable system downtime Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using checksum validation?

To ensure data authenticity and integrity Signup and view all the answers

What should a Security Checklist contain?

Specifications required for implementation, such as protocols to use and encryption strength Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of implementing a Random Number Generator in a security protocol?

To ensure confidentiality of data Signup and view all the answers

What type of attack involves determining sensitive information through indirect means?

Side-channel attack Signup and view all the answers

What Act should be considered when dealing with personal data storage?

Personal Data Protection Act Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a data requirement?

Personal data storage Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of failing to categorize suspicious activity as a cyberattack?

Inaction against cyberattacks Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the checklist provided by SANS for securing web application technologies?

SANS Securing Web Application Technologies Checklist Signup and view all the answers

What can be leaked through direct or indirect means?

Information Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?

To compromise the availability of a system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method to mitigate DDoS attacks?

Checksum validation Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an availability requirement?

The software shall ensure high availability of five nines (99.999%) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Content Distribution Network (CDN) in DDoS attack mitigation?

To distribute traffic across multiple servers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a mission critical functionality?

Processing payments Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of DNS load balancing in DDoS attack mitigation?

To distribute traffic across multiple servers Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of hiding IP addresses in DDoS attack mitigation?

To prevent IP address discovery Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of replicating software and data across data centers?

To provide redundancy and load balancing Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

DDoS Attacks and Mitigation

DDoS attacks aim to compromise system availability by flooding systems with useless work, cutting off network access, or triggering infinite loops
Examples of DDoS attacks include Microsoft Service Outage on 21/07/2022

Mitigating DDoS Attacks

DNS load balancing
Server load balancing
Content Distribution Network
Firewall:
- Layer 3: Network Firewall
- Layer 5 (7): App Firewall
HIDE ALL IP ADDRESSES

Availability Requirements

Ensure high availability of five nines (99.999%)
Specify the number of simultaneous users (e.g., 300 users)
Implement load balancing and redundancy across data centers
Define recovery time objectives (RTO) for:
- Mission critical functionality (1 hour)
- Mission essential functionality (4 hours)
- Mission support functionality (24 hours)

Data Requirements

Identify the types of data to be stored (e.g., personal data, finance, communication, credit card information)
Consider Personal Data Protection Act requirements

Data Leakage

Information can be leaked directly or indirectly (side channels)
Examples: SingHealth data leakage cases

Integrity Requirements

Prevent unauthorized modifications to ensure system and data integrity
Implement security controls like hashing and digital signatures
Capture specifications like protocols, data randomness strength (e.g., salt length) in security checklists
Ensure reliability and accuracy of information

Integrity and Security Checklists

OWASP Security Code Checklist
Static code analysis

Security Best Practices

Be cautious when downloading software from official websites
Verify software integrity using checksums and hash functions

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Description

This quiz covers Distributed Denial of Service attacks, their impact on system availability, and tactics used to compromise systems. Learn how DDoS attacks work and how to protect against them.