The regular expression uses a combination of positive and negative lookahead assertions to ensure that for every left parenthesis (, there is a corresponding right parenthesis ), and vice versa.
The [^()] character class matches any character that is not a left or right parenthesis.
The * symbol after the character class specifies that the character class can be matched zero or more times.
The ( and ) sequences match literal left and right parenthesis, respectively.
The ( and ) symbols around the character class and the literal parenthesis sequences form a capture group.
The * symbol after the capture group specifies that the capture group can be matched zero or more times.
This regular expression should be able to correctly match any input string that contains properly balanced parenthesis, and it should fail to match any input string that contains unbalanced parenthesis.

Test your knowledge of regular expressions and their use in matching strings with balanced parenthesis. This quiz covers the use of lookahead assertions, character classes, literal sequences, and capture groups in regular expressions.