DCF Childcare Training Courses 1-5
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Questions and Answers

What is a theory?

A set of facts or principles analyzed in relation to one another and used to explain phenomena.

How do you create a positive environment for children in your care?

*Ensure learning centers have ample space for movement.*Reduce the number of transitions throughout the day.*Ensure the environment feels safe for the child.*Provide activities that are slightly challenging to the child.*Provide activities to increase development without causing frustration.

Abraham Maslow developed what?

The hierarchy of human needs.

How many levels does Maslow's hierarchy have?

<p>Five.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the 5 levels of Maslow's hierarchy?

<p>Level 1-Physical, Level 2-Comfort and Safety, Level 3-Social, Level 4-Self-esteem, Level 5-Self-Actualizing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of a Physical need?

<p>*Air to breathe, *Shelter to protect, *Water to drink, *Food to eat, *Clothes to wear, *Health care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of Comfort and Safety?

<p>*Safety, *Security, *Stability, *Transportation, *Safe relationships, *Child care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of Self-Esteem?

<p>*Adequacy, *Confidence, *Importance, *Sense of efficiency, capability, resiliency, hopefulness, *Ability to cope and problem solve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of Self-Actualizing?

<p>*Fulfill one's life purpose and meaning, *Being all that one is able to be, *Spirituality, *Personal emotional response, *Refinement of interpersonal skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the hierarchy of needs mean to you as a child care professional?

<p>*Basic needs must be met first. When not met, the child's self-worth suffers. *Neglect can occur at all levels, not just basic needs. All needs are important. *Child care professionals need to be aware of the family circumstances to understand what needs are being met at home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some hints that will help you remember Maslow's theory?

<p>*If you close the 'M' at the bottom, it will form triangles or pyramids.*Maslow studies human needs.*What motivates children to act the way they do? Needs being met.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do the lower levels of needs have to be met before higher needs can be accomplished?

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Successfully meeting the needs at each level results in what?

<p>Fulfilling one's life with purpose and meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Erik Erikson developed what?

<p>He developed eight psychosocial stages through which humans develop throughout their entire lifetime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Erik Erikson recognized?

<p>As a development psychologist who can be compared to Sigmund Freud because of his theory that humans develop in stages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are each of Erikson's stages called?

<p>Conflicts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Moving successfully through each of Erikson's stages results in what?

<p>A strong social and emotional life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented at?

<p>Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth to 1 year).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the second conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented?

<p>Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (1 to 3 years).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the third conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented?

<p>Initiative vs. Guilt (4 to 5 years).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fourth conflict in Erikson's theory and the age that it is presented?

<p>Industry vs. Inferiority (6 to 12 years).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why don't we study Erikson's Conflicts 5-8?

<p>They are important in the study of human development, but they are less significant in child development because Erikson believes that they occur after the age of 12.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of Trust vs. Mistrust?

<p>*Trust is developed over time by providing an infant with a consistent, comforting environment.*When needs are met, trust is established.*Trust builds an emotional foundation.*A lack of trust can result in poor emotional stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt?

<p>*Toddlers need to explore their own bodies and environment in order to become confident about themselves.*When autonomy is allowed a person can become comfortable with his/her choices.*A lack of autonomy can result in a feeling of shame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Child Development Theories

  • A theory is a set of facts or principles analyzed to explain observable phenomena.

Creating a Positive Environment

  • Key strategies for fostering a positive environment include ensuring ample space for movement, reducing transitions, and providing a safe atmosphere.
  • Activities should challenge children appropriately and promote development without causing frustration.

Abraham Maslow and His Contributions

  • Developed the hierarchy of human needs, consisting of five levels.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Levels encompass:
    • Physical
    • Comfort and Safety
    • Social
    • Self-Esteem
    • Self-Actualizing

Physical Needs Examples

  • Essential for survival include air, shelter, water, food, clothing, and health care.

Comfort and Safety Needs Examples

  • Include feelings of safety, security, stability, safe transportation, and trusted relationships.

Self-Esteem Examples

  • Represented by feelings of adequacy, confidence, importance, capability, and resilience.

Self-Actualization Examples

  • Involves fulfilling one’s life purpose, achieving personal growth, and enhancing interpersonal skills.

Implications for Child Care Professionals

  • Understanding that basic needs must be met for self-worth, neglect can affect all need levels, and awareness of family circumstances is vital for effective care.

Memory Aids for Maslow's Theory

  • Visualizing a closed "M" forming triangles or pyramids and recognizing the motivating factors behind children's actions.

Hierarchical Needs Causation

  • Lower-level needs must be satisfied before progressing to higher levels, leading to fulfillment and purpose.

Erik Erikson's Theory

  • Developed eight psychosocial stages called the Eight Conflicts in Emotional Development relevant throughout a person’s lifespan.

Recognition of Erikson

  • A development psychologist compared to Freud, emphasizing stage-based human development.

Erikson's Stages

  • Each stage represents a specific conflict that must be resolved for healthy emotional and social growth.

Outcomes of Successful Resolution

  • Successfully moving through Erikson's conflicts results in a robust social and emotional life.

Erikson's Initial Conflicts

  • Trust vs. Mistrust: From birth to 1 year, establishing trust through a comforting environment.
  • Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt: From 1 to 3 years, promoting exploration and confidence in choices.
  • Initiative vs. Guilt: From 4 to 5 years, fostering initiative without fear of guilt.
  • Industry vs. Inferiority: From 6 to 12 years, encouraging competence and achievement.

Erikson's Later Conflicts

  • Conflicts 5-8 are acknowledged but less significant in child development, as they occur after age 12.

Understanding Trust vs. Mistrust

  • Trust develops through consistent care; a lack can lead to poor emotional stability.

Understanding Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

  • Exploration fosters confidence; restriction can result in shame and self-doubt.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from the DCF childcare training courses. Each card presents important theories and practical strategies for creating a positive environment for children. Perfect for those preparing to work in childcare settings.

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