Podcast
Questions and Answers
A transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work, which is known as ______.
A transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work, which is known as ______.
atomicity
The ______ property of a transaction ensures that the transaction's effects are equivalent to a serial execution of the individual operations.
The ______ property of a transaction ensures that the transaction's effects are equivalent to a serial execution of the individual operations.
serializability
When a transaction has successfully completed and its effects are permanent, it is said to be in a ______ state.
When a transaction has successfully completed and its effects are permanent, it is said to be in a ______ state.
committed
The ______ transaction control confirms the transaction's effects and makes them permanent.
The ______ transaction control confirms the transaction's effects and makes them permanent.
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A transaction's effects must be permanent and survive even in the case of system failure, which is known as ______.
A transaction's effects must be permanent and survive even in the case of system failure, which is known as ______.
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The ______ isolation level ensures that a transaction reads a consistent view of the data, even if other transactions are making changes.
The ______ isolation level ensures that a transaction reads a consistent view of the data, even if other transactions are making changes.
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A transaction that has partially completed, but its effects are not yet permanent, is said to be in a ______ state.
A transaction that has partially completed, but its effects are not yet permanent, is said to be in a ______ state.
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The ______ transaction property ensures that a transaction can be repeated multiple times without changing the result.
The ______ transaction property ensures that a transaction can be repeated multiple times without changing the result.
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The ______ transaction control creates a temporary checkpoint in the transaction, allowing for partial rollback.
The ______ transaction control creates a temporary checkpoint in the transaction, allowing for partial rollback.
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The ______ transaction control reverses the transaction's effects and returns to the previous state.
The ______ transaction control reverses the transaction's effects and returns to the previous state.
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Study Notes
Types of Transactions
- Atomicity: A transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work. If any part of the transaction fails, the entire transaction is rolled back.
- Consistency: The transaction must leave the database in a consistent state, even if the transaction fails.
- Isolation: The transaction must be executed independently, without interference from other transactions.
- Durability: The transaction's effects must be permanent and survive even in the case of system failure.
Transaction Properties
- Idempotence: A transaction can be repeated multiple times without changing the result.
- Commutativity: The order of transactions does not affect the result.
- Serializability: The transaction's effects are equivalent to a serial execution of the individual operations.
Transaction States
- Active: The transaction is currently executing.
- Committed: The transaction has successfully completed and its effects are permanent.
- Aborted: The transaction has failed and its effects are rolled back.
- Partially Committed: The transaction has partially completed, but its effects are not yet permanent.
Transaction Control
- Commit: Confirms the transaction's effects and makes them permanent.
- Rollback: Reverses the transaction's effects and returns to the previous state.
- Savepoint: Creates a temporary checkpoint in the transaction, allowing for partial rollback.
Transaction Isolation Levels
- Read Uncommitted: Allows a transaction to read uncommitted changes made by other transactions.
- Read Committed: Ensures that a transaction only reads committed changes.
- Repeatable Read: Ensures that a transaction reads a consistent view of the data, even if other transactions are making changes.
- Serializable: Ensures that the transaction's effects are equivalent to a serial execution of the individual operations.
Types of Transactions
- A transaction is treated as a single, indivisible unit of work, ensuring atomicity.
- The transaction must leave the database in a consistent state, even if the transaction fails, ensuring consistency.
- The transaction must be executed independently, without interference from other transactions, ensuring isolation.
- The transaction's effects must be permanent and survive even in the case of system failure, ensuring durability.
Transaction Properties
- A transaction can be repeated multiple times without changing the result, known as idempotence.
- The order of transactions does not affect the result, known as commutativity.
- The transaction's effects are equivalent to a serial execution of the individual operations, known as serializability.
Transaction States
- A transaction is currently executing when it's in the active state.
- The transaction has successfully completed and its effects are permanent when it's in the committed state.
- The transaction has failed and its effects are rolled back when it's in the aborted state.
- The transaction has partially completed, but its effects are not yet permanent when it's in the partially committed state.
Transaction Control
- The commit operation confirms the transaction's effects and makes them permanent.
- The rollback operation reverses the transaction's effects and returns to the previous state.
- The savepoint operation creates a temporary checkpoint in the transaction, allowing for partial rollback.
Transaction Isolation Levels
- The read uncommitted isolation level allows a transaction to read uncommitted changes made by other transactions.
- The read committed isolation level ensures that a transaction only reads committed changes.
- The repeatable read isolation level ensures that a transaction reads a consistent view of the data, even if other transactions are making changes.
- The serializable isolation level ensures that the transaction's effects are equivalent to a serial execution of the individual operations.
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Description
Learn about the fundamental principles of database transactions, including atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability. Test your understanding of these key concepts.
