Database Terminology and Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Match the following database terms with their definitions:

Primary Key = Each table can only have one primary key. Unique = Ensures that a column cannot contain duplicate values. Foreign Key = Creates a relationship between two tables. Linking = It is used to link data in one table to another table.

Match the following entities with their attributes:

Student = id, name, major, grade Instructor = id, salary, name Department = id, name Course = id, name

Match the following relationships with their types:

Student-Course = M:M Course-Section = 1:M Department-Course = 1:M Instructor-Department = M:1

Match the following entities with their ER Diagram representations:

<p>Entity = A box with the entity name Relationship = A diamond connecting entities Attribute = An oval connected to an entity ER Diagram = A visual representation of entities and relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following entity types with their examples:

<p>Student = Individual enrolled in a course Instructor = Teacher responsible for a section Department = Organizational unit within a university Course = A subject offered for study</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Entity = An object or concept within a database Attribute = A property or characteristic of an entity Relationship = A connection between two entities ER Diagram = A diagrammatic representation of entities and relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements of a database with their corresponding functions:

<p>Schema = Contains relationships between tables. Table = Stores data in rows and columns. Row = A single record in a table. Column = Defines the data type and name of attributes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of database components with their descriptions:

<p>Entity = A distinct object or concept stored in the database. Relationship = Associations between entities. Attribute = A characteristic of an entity. Record = An individual entry in a table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following database concepts with their applications:

<p>Schema = Designs the structure of a database. Table = Organizes data within the schema. Column = Specifies the attributes of data. Row = Represents a unique instance of an entity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following aspects of database design with their roles:

<p>Primary Key = Uniquely identifies a record in a table. Foreign Key = Establishes a link between two tables. Normalization = Reduces data redundancy. Entity Relationship Diagram = Visual representation of entities and relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the SQL commands with their descriptions:

<p>drop table = Used to delete a table create table = Used to create a new table insert into = Used to add new data into a table select = Used to query data from a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the SQL data types with their characteristics:

<p>char(n) = Fixed length string varchar(n) = Variable length string int = Integer data type date = Data type for date values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the SQL commands with their effects on the database:

<p>drop table = Deletes the entire table and its data alter table = Modifies an existing table structure truncate table = Removes all records from a table but keeps its structure rename table = Changes the name of an existing table</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the SQL function types with their purposes:

<p>aggregate functions = Perform calculations on multiple rows scalar functions = Return a single value based on input ranking functions = Assign a rank to each row in a partition string functions = Manipulate string values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the SQL constraints with their definitions:

<p>primary key = Unique identifier for a table row foreign key = Establishes a link between two tables unique = Ensures all values in a column are different not null = Ensures a column cannot contain NULL values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following database constraints with their descriptions:

<p>Primary Key Constraint = Ensures each row in a table is uniquely identified Foreign Key Constraint = Links a column to a primary key in another table Unique Constraint = Ensures all values in a column are different Check Constraint = Ensures that all values in a column satisfy a specific condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their roles in a database:

<p>Primary Key = Uniquely identifies each record in a table Foreign Key = Establishes a relationship between two tables Index = Improves the speed of data retrieval operations View = Represents a saved query that can be treated like a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following SQL keywords with their purposes:

<p>CREATE = Defines a new database object INSERT = Adds new records to a table UPDATE = Modifies existing records in a table DELETE = Removes records from a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following database normalization forms with their objectives:

<p>First Normal Form (1NF) = Eliminates duplicate data Second Normal Form (2NF) = Ensures all non-key attributes are fully dependent on primary key Third Normal Form (3NF) = Removes transitive dependencies Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) = Refines 3NF to remove certain types of redundancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following SQL statements with their functions:

<p>SELECT = Retrieves data from a database WHERE = Filters records based on specified conditions ORDER BY = Sorts the result set in a specified order GROUP BY = Aggregates data across multiple records</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following SQL keywords with their primary functions:

<p>DISTINCT = Retrieves unique values from a column SELECT = Specifies the columns to retrieve from a table WHERE = Filters records based on a condition ORDER BY = Sorts the result set by specified columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following SQL operations with their intended purposes:

<p>GROUP BY = Aggregates data based on specified columns HAVING = Filters results after aggregation JOIN = Combines rows from two or more tables UNION = Combines the result sets of two or more SELECT statements</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following SQL data types with their descriptions:

<p>INT = Represents integer values VARCHAR = Represents variable-length character strings DATE = Stores date values FLOAT = Represents floating-point numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following SQL functions with their functionality:

<p>COUNT() = Returns the number of rows AVG() = Calculates the average value SUM() = Calculates the total sum of a numerical column MAX() = Finds the maximum value in a set</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following SQL clauses with their contexts:

<p>FROM = Specifies the table to select or delete data from INSERT INTO = Adds new rows to a table UPDATE = Modifies existing records in a table DELETE = Removes records from a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Database Design

  • Database design involves analysis, entity-relationship diagrams (ER-diagrams), schema, DDL (Data Definition Language), and DML (Data Manipulation Language).
  • Analysis phase involves identifying entities, attributes, and relationships.
  • Entities represent objects or concepts.
  • Attributes describe the characteristics of entities.
  • Relationships define how entities relate to each other.
  • ER-diagrams visually represent the structure of a database.
  • Schema defines the logical structure of the database.
  • DDL is used to define the database structure.
  • DML is used to manipulate database data.

Attributes

  • Key Attributes: Unique identifiers (e.g., ID, serial number, SSN).
  • Composite Attributes: Composed of multiple smaller attributes (e.g., address).
  • Single-valued Attributes: Have one value for each entity (e.g., name).
  • Multi-valued Attributes: Can have multiple values for an entity (e.g., phone numbers).
  • Derived Attributes: Calculated from other attributes (e.g., age).

Relationships

  • Cardinality Ratio: Describes the relationship between entities.
  • 1:1 (one-to-one): One entity relates to one other entity (e.g., a person has one driver's license).
  • 1:M (one-to-many): One entity can relate to many other entities (e.g., a teacher teaches many students).
  • M:M (many-to-many): Many entities can relate to many other entities (e.g., students can take many courses and courses can have many students).
  • Participation Constraint: Describes whether an entity in a relationship is mandatory or optional.
    • Total participation: Every entity must be involved in at least one relationship.
    • Partial participation: An entity may or may not be involved in a relationship.
  • Entity Relationships: Describes relationships between entities; examples include binary, recursive, and ternary relationships.

Strong vs. Weak Entities

  •  Strong entities have their own unique identifier.
  • Weak entities do not have their own unique identifier.

Data Types

  • char(n): Fixed-length string of n characters. If fewer than n characters are stored, the rest are filled with spaces.
  • varchar(n): Variable-length string that can store up to n characters.

Constraints

  • Constraints ensure data integrity.
  • Not Null: Ensures a column cannot have a null value.
  • Unique: Ensures that all values in the column are unique.
  • Primary Key: A unique identifier for a table.
  • Foreign Key: A key in one table that references a primary key in another table.
  • Check: Ensures that values in a column satisfy a condition.
  • Default: Provides a default value if no value is explicitly specified.

Database Operations

  • DML are SQL commands involving data in the database. Specific DML commands include INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and SELECT.
  • DDL are SQL commands defining the structure of the database. These include commands like CREATE, ALTER, and DROP.

Database Conversion Process

  • Mapping algorithms are used converting an ERD to a relational schema.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various database terms, relationships, and SQL commands with this comprehensive quiz. Match elements such as entities, attributes, and constraints to enhance your understanding of database design and functionality. Ideal for students and professionals looking to strengthen their database skills.

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