Database Terminology and Concepts Quiz

Primary Key = Each table can only have one primary key. Unique = Ensures that a column cannot contain duplicate values. Foreign Key = Creates a relationship between two tables. Linking = It is used to link data in one table to another table.

Student = id, name, major, grade Instructor = id, salary, name Department = id, name Course = id, name

Student-Course = M:M Course-Section = 1:M Department-Course = 1:M Instructor-Department = M:1

<p>Entity = A box with the entity name Relationship = A diamond connecting entities Attribute = An oval connected to an entity ER Diagram = A visual representation of entities and relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Student = Individual enrolled in a course Instructor = Teacher responsible for a section Department = Organizational unit within a university Course = A subject offered for study</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entity = An object or concept within a database Attribute = A property or characteristic of an entity Relationship = A connection between two entities ER Diagram = A diagrammatic representation of entities and relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schema = Contains relationships between tables. Table = Stores data in rows and columns. Row = A single record in a table. Column = Defines the data type and name of attributes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entity = A distinct object or concept stored in the database. Relationship = Associations between entities. Attribute = A characteristic of an entity. Record = An individual entry in a table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schema = Designs the structure of a database. Table = Organizes data within the schema. Column = Specifies the attributes of data. Row = Represents a unique instance of an entity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary Key = Uniquely identifies a record in a table. Foreign Key = Establishes a link between two tables. Normalization = Reduces data redundancy. Entity Relationship Diagram = Visual representation of entities and relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>drop table = Used to delete a table create table = Used to create a new table insert into = Used to add new data into a table select = Used to query data from a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>char(n) = Fixed length string varchar(n) = Variable length string int = Integer data type date = Data type for date values</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>drop table = Deletes the entire table and its data alter table = Modifies an existing table structure truncate table = Removes all records from a table but keeps its structure rename table = Changes the name of an existing table</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>aggregate functions = Perform calculations on multiple rows scalar functions = Return a single value based on input ranking functions = Assign a rank to each row in a partition string functions = Manipulate string values</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>primary key = Unique identifier for a table row foreign key = Establishes a link between two tables unique = Ensures all values in a column are different not null = Ensures a column cannot contain NULL values</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary Key Constraint = Ensures each row in a table is uniquely identified Foreign Key Constraint = Links a column to a primary key in another table Unique Constraint = Ensures all values in a column are different Check Constraint = Ensures that all values in a column satisfy a specific condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary Key = Uniquely identifies each record in a table Foreign Key = Establishes a relationship between two tables Index = Improves the speed of data retrieval operations View = Represents a saved query that can be treated like a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CREATE = Defines a new database object INSERT = Adds new records to a table UPDATE = Modifies existing records in a table DELETE = Removes records from a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First Normal Form (1NF) = Eliminates duplicate data Second Normal Form (2NF) = Ensures all non-key attributes are fully dependent on primary key Third Normal Form (3NF) = Removes transitive dependencies Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) = Refines 3NF to remove certain types of redundancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SELECT = Retrieves data from a database WHERE = Filters records based on specified conditions ORDER BY = Sorts the result set in a specified order GROUP BY = Aggregates data across multiple records</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DISTINCT = Retrieves unique values from a column SELECT = Specifies the columns to retrieve from a table WHERE = Filters records based on a condition ORDER BY = Sorts the result set by specified columns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GROUP BY = Aggregates data based on specified columns HAVING = Filters results after aggregation JOIN = Combines rows from two or more tables UNION = Combines the result sets of two or more SELECT statements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>INT = Represents integer values VARCHAR = Represents variable-length character strings DATE = Stores date values FLOAT = Represents floating-point numbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>COUNT() = Returns the number of rows AVG() = Calculates the average value SUM() = Calculates the total sum of a numerical column MAX() = Finds the maximum value in a set</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>FROM = Specifies the table to select or delete data from INSERT INTO = Adds new rows to a table UPDATE = Modifies existing records in a table DELETE = Removes records from a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

A real-world object or concept that you want to store information about in your database.

A characteristic or property of an entity that describes its details. It's like a column in a database table.

The way entities are related to each other in a database. It describes how entities interact.

A diagram that visually represents entities and their relationships in a database.

A type of relationship where one entity can be related to many entities of another type, and vice versa.

The structure of the tables that defines the columns, data types, and relationships between those tables.

A representation of an entity in a database, containing data in rows and columns.

Defines the characteristics of data stored in a table, essentially the specific data types and constraints applied to each column.

Represent individual records within a table, storing data related to a specific instance of an entity.

A column in a table designated to uniquely identify each row. Prevents duplicate entries in a table.

A constraint used to enforce the relationship between two tables (parent and child table). It ensures the data in the child table links to the parent table.

Ensures that a column cannot contain duplicate values. Each value in the column must be unique.

Ensures that a specific column does not contain NULL values. The value must contain something, even if it's a placeholder value

The process of creating a relationship between two tables.

Used to completely remove a table and all its data from the database. Think of it like deleting a file from your computer.

A fixed-length string data type. It allocates a specific amount of memory space for storing the string, even if the actual string is shorter.

Fixes the length of the string. It's like reserving space for 10 letters in a box, regardless of how many you actually write.

You can store data up to the specified length. If you try to store a longer string, it will be truncated (cut off).

It's a good choice if you know the exact length of the string. It optimizes storage but requires careful planning.

A constraint that restricts the values in a column to match an existing value from a column in another table.

A constraint that enforces uniqueness for a combination of columns in a table, ensuring that no two rows have the same combination of values.

A constraint that limits the range of values that can be entered into a column, ensuring the data fits within a defined set.

A constraint that ensures a dependent column's value exists in the corresponding referencing column. It is used when a dependent column relies on a primary key column in another table.

The DISTINCT keyword is used to retrieve only unique values from a column in a database.

The DISTINCT keyword removes duplicate values, preventing the same value from appearing multiple times.

A query using DISTINCT will only show each unique value once, regardless of how many times it appears in the original data.

The DISTINCT keyword is applied to a specific column or set of columns in a query.

The DISTINCT keyword is helpful when you only need to see the unique options in a dataset, without counting duplicates.