Database Security and User Management
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Questions and Answers

What are the fundamental data security requirements?

  • Confidentiality
  • Integrity
  • Availability
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is authentication?

    Authentication verifies the user’s identity.

    Strong authentication includes only passwords.

    False

    What does authorisation primarily include?

    <p>Giving users certain permissions to access, process, or alter data and applying limitations on user access or actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is auditing in database security?

    <p>Auditing is the monitoring and recording of selected user database actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What command is used to create a database user account in SQL*Plus?

    <p>CREATE USER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a profile in database security?

    <p>A profile is a named set of resource limits and password parameters that restrict database usage and instance resources for a user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the syntax to create a profile?

    <p>CREATE PROFILE profile_name LIMIT { resource_parameters | password_parameters };</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Object privileges can be granted along with system privileges in the same GRANT statement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The default name for the temporary tablespace is ___ if not explicitly assigned.

    <p>TEMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can privileges be revoked from a user?

    <p>REVOKE { system_privilege | role | ALL PRIVILEGES } FROM { user | role | PUBLIC };</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of allocating roles in database user management?

    <p>Roles simplify the management of multiple system and object privileges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a predefined role in Oracle Database?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Database Security Principles

    • Key principles of database security include Authentication, Authorisation, and Auditing (AAA).
    • Fundamental security requirements are confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

    Authentication Methods

    • Authentication verifies user identity and can be classified into three types:
      • Something you know: Password
      • Something you are: Biometric data
      • Something you have: Smart cards
    • Basic authentication methods include using a password or operating system identification.
    • Strong authentication involves additional measures such as biometric verification or certificates.

    Authorisation Processes

    • Authorisation grants users permissions and sets limitations on access.
    • Limitations can be placed on database objects (schemas, tables, rows) or resources (CPU, idle time).

    Auditing

    • Auditing involves monitoring and recording specific database actions, identifiable by SQL statements or combinations of user name, application, and time.
    • It provides insights into both successful and failed activities but increases the workload on the database.

    Database User Accounts

    • Each user account comprises:
      • Unique username, authentication method, default tablespace, temporary tablespace, tablespace quota, and user profile.

    User Creation in SQL*Plus

    • Use CREATE USER SQL statement to create a user account, requiring CREATE USER system privilege typically held by administrators.

    Tablespaces

    • Users need a default tablespace for object storage, ideally set to "USERS" instead of "SYSTEM" to avoid issues.
    • Tablespace quota can be assigned to limit storage use by users.

    User Profiles

    • A profile is a set of resource limits and password security features managing user database access.
    • Syntax for creating a profile includes resource and password parameters to regulate usage limits.

    Profile Enforcement

    • Profiles can only be assigned to users, not other profiles, and are enforced when resource limits are enabled in the database.

    User Authorisation

    • Authorisation defines allowed access to objects, privileges, and resources, limited by a user-specific profile.
    • Privileges are classified into system and object privileges, controlling DDL and DML operations, respectively.

    Granting Privileges

    • Privileges can be granted using GRANT statement, either with or without ADMIN OPTION, to share privileges with other users.

    Revoking Privileges

    • Privileges revoked only if granted with ADMIN OPTION, using REVOKE syntax, which also allows for cascading revokes.

    Object Privileges

    • Object privileges vary by object type, with owners having all privileges on their objects and the ability to grant selected privileges to others.

    Roles in Database Security

    • Roles simplify privilege management by grouping related privileges and allowing the assignment of multiple privileges at once.
    • Common predefined roles include:
      • CONNECT: Allows connection to the database.
      • RESOURCE: Enables creation and modification of schema objects.
      • DBA: Grants administrative functions, excluding database instance management.

    Managing Roles

    • Roles can be created, assigned privileges, and allocated to users or other roles, facilitating hierarchical privilege structures.

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    Description

    This quiz covers database security principles, creating and managing database user accounts, profiles, and authorization implementation.

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