Angelic Hazel's Database Design and Physical Layout Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a major drawback of using file systems to store data?

Concurrent access by multiple users

Data redundancy and inconsistency (correct)

Atomicity of updates

Difficulty in accessing data

What is a benefit of using a database management system (DBMS)?

Data isolation

Uncontrolled concurrent accesses

Multiple file formats

Improved data integration and consistency (correct)

What is an example of a database application?

Human resources: employee records (correct)

Database design

Query optimization

File system management

At what level does the description of how a record is stored occur?

Physical level Signup and view all the answers

What problem can occur in file systems due to concurrent access?

Inconsistencies due to uncontrolled concurrent accesses Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using file systems to store data?

Need to write a new program to carry out each new task Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a concurrency-control manager?

To ensure the consistency of the database Signup and view all the answers

What factor greatly influences the architecture of a database system?

The underlying computer system Signup and view all the answers

What is a relation schema?

A definition of a relation, including its attributes Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a database system architecture?

Client-server, distributed, and parallel Signup and view all the answers

What is a relation instance?

A specific instance of a relation schema Signup and view all the answers

Who are responsible for managing the database?

Database administrators Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern in database design?

Finding a good collection of relation schemas Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a database system is responsible for providing the interface between low-level data and application programs?

Storage Manager Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of XML (Extensible Markup Language) according to the text?

To exchange data efficiently between databases Signup and view all the answers

In database design, what does the computer science decision focus on?

Defining relation schemas and attribute distribution Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a database system manages the execution of transactions to ensure data integrity?

Transaction manager Signup and view all the answers

What makes XML a great way to exchange data, according to the text?

Creation of nested tag structures Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Database Management System (DBMS)

A DBMS contains information about a particular enterprise, including a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access the data, providing a convenient and efficient environment to use.
DBMS is used in various applications, such as:
Banking: transactions
Airlines: reservations, schedules
Universities: registration, grades
Sales: customers, products, purchases
Online retailers: order tracking, customized recommendations
Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain
Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax deductions

Drawbacks of using file systems to store data

Data redundancy and inconsistency due to multiple file formats and duplication of information
Difficulty in accessing data, requiring a new program to be written for each new task
Data isolation and integrity problems, making it hard to add or change constraints
Atomicity of updates, where failures can leave the database in an inconsistent state
Concurrent access by multiple users can lead to inconsistencies
Security problems, making it hard to provide user access to some, but not all, data

Database System Concepts

Database system architecture is influenced by the underlying computer system
Types of database architectures include:
Centralized
Client-server
Parallel (multi-processor)
Distributed

Database Users and Administrators

Database users include:
End users
Application programmers
Database administrators

Database System Internals

Components of a database system include:
Storage manager
Query processing
Transaction manager
Concurrency-control manager

Relation Schema and Instance

A relation schema defines the structure of a relation
A relation instance is a specific set of data satisfying the relation schema
Example: instructor relation schema (ID, name, dept_name, salary)

XML (Extensible Markup Language)

Defined by the WWW Consortium (W3C)
Originally intended as a document markup language, but now used for data exchange
Allows for specifying new tags and creating nested tag structures
Widely used for data interchange formats

Storage Management

Storage manager provides an interface between the database and application programs and queries
Responsible for managing data storage and retrieval

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Description

Test your knowledge on database design, relation schemas, attribute distribution, and the physical layout of databases. Includes topics from 'Database System Concepts - 7th Edition' by Silberschatz, Korth, and Sudarshan, as well as XML concepts defined by the WWW Consortium.