Data Types in Programming

Integer Types

• int:

  • Size: 4 bytes
  • Signed range: -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
  • Unsigned range: 0 to 4,294,967,295
  • Format specifiers: %d (signed), %u (unsigned)

• short int:

  • Size: 2 bytes
  • Signed range: -32,768 to 32,767
  • Unsigned range: 0 to 65,535
  • Format specifiers: %hd (signed), %hu (unsigned)

• long int:

  • Size: 8 bytes (4 bytes on 32-bit systems)
  • Signed range: -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
  • Unsigned range: 0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615
  • Format specifiers: %ld (signed), %lu (unsigned)

• long long int:

  • Size: 8 bytes
  • Signed range: -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
  • Unsigned range: 0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615
  • Format specifiers: %lld (signed), %llu (unsigned)

• unsigned int:

  • Size: 4 bytes
  • Unsigned range: 0 to 4,294,967,295
  • Format specifier: %u

Floating-Point Types

• float:

  • Size: 4 bytes
  • Range: 3.4E-38 to 3.4E+38
  • Precision: 6 decimal places
  • Format specifier: %f

• double:

  • Size: 8 bytes
  • Range: 1.7E-308 to 1.7E+308
  • Precision: 15 decimal places
  • Format specifier: %lf

• long double:

  • Size: 16 bytes
  • Range: 3.4E-4932 to 1.1E+4932
  • Precision: 18 decimal places
  • Format specifier: %Lf

Character Types

• char:

  • Size: 1 byte
  • Signed range: -128 to 127
  • Unsigned range: 0 to 255
  • Format specifier: %c

• unsigned char:

  • Size: 1 byte
  • Unsigned range: 0 to 255
  • Format specifier: %c

Summary of Format Specifiers

• Integer: %d, %i (signed), %u (unsigned)
• Floating-point: %f, %e (scientific), %g (shorter of %e or %f)
• Character: %c
• String: %s