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Data Transmission Modes and Media
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Data Transmission Modes and Media

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Questions and Answers

Which transmission mode allows data to flow in both directions simultaneously?

  • Serial
  • Simplex
  • Full-duplex (correct)
  • Half-duplex

    • What is the primary difference between asynchronous and synchronous transmission?

  • Asynchronous transmission uses frames while synchronous uses individual bits.
  • Asynchronous transmission includes start and stop bits for synchronization. (correct)
  • Synchronous transmission is limited to simplex communication.
  • Synchronous transmission transmits one character at a time.

    • What characterizes half-duplex transmission?

  • Data flows only in one direction.
  • It uses multiple channels for simultaneous transmission.
  • Data is sent as a continuous stream.
  • Data can flow in both directions, but never simultaneously. (correct)

    • Which of the following is an example of guided media?

    <p>Fiber optics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary feature of parallel data transmission?

    <p>It transmits bits over multiple channels simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does coaxial cable facilitate?

    <p>Two-way communication by splitting bandwidth into upstream and downstream channels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data transmission is characterized by sending data as a continuous stream?

    <p>Synchronous transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding simplex transmission?

    <p>Data flow occurs only from the source to the sink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary technology associated with the transmission of information as light pulses?

    <p>Optical fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wave is primarily used for short distance communication and cannot penetrate obstacles?

    <p>Infrared waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is essential for microwave transmission to be effective?

    <p>Line of sight transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antenna consists of a series of dipoles spaced at logarithmic intervals?

    <p>Log periodic antennas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about antennas is false?

    <p>Antennas need to be perfectly aligned for radio waves to work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relation between the height of a microwave antenna and the distance covered by the signal?

    <p>Directly proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antenna is characterized by utilizing a traveling wave as its guiding structure?

    <p>Traveling wave antenna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common application of radio waves in communication?

    <p>Cordless phones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range does Sky Wave propagation typically use?

    <p>3-30 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which communication method is best suited for line of sight transmission?

    <p>Space Wave propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of demultiplexing in multiplexing?

    <p>To recover separate signals from a complex signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Time-division multiplexing (TDM)?

    <p>It assigns non-overlapping time slots to users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), what is meant by partitioning the frequency spectrum?

    <p>Dividing the medium into frequency blocks for simultaneous use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Carrier Sense in CSMA/CD refer to?

    <p>Listening to the cable for a signal before transmitting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does CSMA/CA differ from CSMA/CD?

    <p>CSMA/CA attempts to avoid collisions by signaling intent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In token passing, which of the following is true?

    <p>Only stations with a token can transmit data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an active hub in demand priority access?

    <p>To control the data transmission access for terminals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods aims to prevent collisions?

    <p>Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Collision Detection in CSMA/CD?

    <p>To stop transmitting when a collision is detected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about demand priority is false?

    <p>It allows for completely free transmission by any device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does token passing prioritize?

    <p>Fair access without collisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range designated as Extremely Low Frequency (ELF)?

    <p>3 KHz to 30 KHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which frequency range falls under the Very High Frequency (VHF)?

    <p>30 MHz to 300 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of wave propagation is primarily used for low-frequency range transmission?

    <p>Ground Wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following wavelengths corresponds to the Ultra High Frequency (UHF)?

    <p>1 m to 100 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which frequency range is categorized as High Frequency (HF)?

    <p>3 MHz to 30 MHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength range for Extremely High Frequency (EHF)?

    <p>10 mm to 1 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following propagation methods uses the Troposphere for its transmission?

    <p>Ground Wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct frequency range for Super High Frequency (SHF)?

    <p>3 GHz to 30 GHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transmission Modes

    • Simplex Transmission: Data flows in one direction only, typically from source to sink.
    • Half-Duplex (HDX): Data can flow in both directions, but not simultaneously.
    • Full-Duplex (FDX): Data flows in both directions at the same time, effectively like two simplex channels.

    Data Transmission

    • Serial Data Transmission: Data bits are sent sequentially, one after another.
      • Asynchronous Transmission: Each character is sent with a start bit and one or two stop bits for synchronization.
      • Synchronous Transmission: Large blocks of data are sent together in frames, marked by flags at the start and end.
    • Parallel Data Transmission: Multiple bits are sent simultaneously over multiple channels.

    Transmission Media

    • Definition: Communication channels that carry information via electromagnetic signals.
    • Guided Media: Information transfer occurs through physical connections, e.g., copper wires and fiber optics.
      • Twisted Pair: Composed of two insulated copper wires twisted together.
      • Coaxial Cable: Used for two-way transmission with upstream and downstream channels.
      • Optical Fiber: Transmits information as light pulses along glass or plastic fibers.
    • Unguided Media: Communication does not require physical connections, using wireless methods.
      • Radio Waves: Easily generated, penetrate buildings, e.g., used in AM/FM radios.
      • Microwaves: Require line of sight, commonly used in mobile communications.
      • Infrared Signals: For short-distance communication, limited by obstacles (e.g., TV remotes).

    Antennas

    • Log Periodic Antennas: Directional antennas with dipoles at logarithmic intervals.
    • Wire Antennas: Simple antennas using wire for signal transmission.
    • Traveling Wave Antennas: Use temporary waves for directionality.
    • Microwave Antennas: Specialized for broadcasting microwave signals in point-to-point communications.

    Multiplexing

    • Definition: Technique to send multiple signals over a single communications link.
    • Demultiplexing: Process of recovering separate signals at the receiver end.
    • Purpose: Enables communication between devices without dedicated connections.

    Media Sharing Techniques

    • Frequency-Division Multiplexing (FDM): Divides frequency spectrum into channels, allowing simultaneous transmission without interference.
    • Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM): Allocates non-overlapping time slots for users, staggering transmissions via round-robin scheduling.
    • Spread Spectrum (SS): Spreads output signal over a wider bandwidth.

    Media Access Methods

    • Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD): Stations listen for a signal before transmitting, and stop when a collision is detected.
    • Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA): Attempts to prevent collisions by signaling intent before transmission.
    • Token Passing: Only computers with a token can transmit, preventing collisions and establishing transmit priority.
    • Demand Priority: Active hub controls access, requiring user permission before transmission.

    Frequency Spectrum

    • International Telecommunications Union (ITU): Assigns frequency ranges.
      • Extremely Low Frequency (ELF): 3 KHz to 30 KHz
      • Very High Frequency (VHF): 30 MHz to 300 MHz
      • Ultra High Frequency (UHF): 300 MHz to 3000 MHz
      • Super High Frequency (SHF): 3 GHz to 30 GHz
      • Extremely High Frequency (EHF): 30 GHz to 300 GHz

    Wave Propagation

    • Defined as electric and magnetic field oscillations that propagate perpendicularly.
    • Ground Wave Propagation: Used for low-frequency transmissions, using the ground and troposphere for signal propagation.

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    Related Documents

    03 Handout 1 - 03 Transmission Modes (Midterm).pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers the fundamentals of data transmission modes, including simplex, half-duplex, and full-duplex systems. It also delves into various data transmission techniques such as serial and parallel transmission, as well as the different types of transmission media. Test your knowledge on the mechanics of how data is transmitted through various mediums!

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