Data Transmission Basics
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Questions and Answers

What are the three common methods of signal transmission in networks?

  • Electrical signals, Optical signals, Mechanical signals
  • Electrical signals, Chemical signals, Acoustic signals
  • Electrical signals, Optical signals, Electromagnetic signals (correct)
  • Electrical signals, Optical signals, Radio signals (correct)

    • Which category of personal data is created and explicitly shared by individuals?

  • Inferred data
  • Assumed data
  • Observed data
  • Volunteered data (correct)

    • What is the smallest piece of data recognized in computing?

  • Byte
  • Nibble
  • Bit (correct)
  • Pixel

    • How many bits are there in one byte?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to represent data as electrical pulses on copper wire?

    <p>Electrical signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is a credit score classified as?

    <p>Inferred data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'media' refer to in the context of data transmission?

    <p>Physical mediums for signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes observed data?

    <p>Data recorded from actions of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of coaxial cable?

    <p>To carry data in the form of electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a fiber-optic cable primarily allows light pulses to travel?

    <p>Core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of coaxial cable helps to shield it from electromagnetic interference (EMI)?

    <p>Metallic braid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is used for the construction of fiber-optic cables?

    <p>Plastic or glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The outer jacket of a fiber-optic cable serves which primary function?

    <p>To protect against abrasion and moisture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In twisted-pair cabling, what determines the color coding of the wire pairs?

    <p>The type of standard used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the cladding in a fiber-optic cable play?

    <p>Prevents light from escaping the core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional service can cable television providers offer using coaxial cable?

    <p>Television signals and telephone services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the transmission medium in communication?

    <p>It provides the pathway for the message to travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a protocol requirement for successful communication?

    <p>Exact timing of all messages sent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must happen to a message before it is transmitted over a network?

    <p>It must be converted into bits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may a longer message need to be broken into smaller pieces?

    <p>To facilitate reliable delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is critical for determining the speed of data transmission?

    <p>Timing of the message.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'message format' in communication protocols?

    <p>It indicates the structure or format used in communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'acknowledgment requirements' refer to in communication?

    <p>The necessity of confirming the message was received.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding communication protocols?

    <p>Protocols include methods of communication and language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the Internet Protocol (IP)?

    <p>Delivering messages from sender to receiver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the TCP/IP model is responsible for supporting communication across diverse networks?

    <p>Transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Network Access layer of the TCP/IP model control?

    <p>The hardware devices and media in the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for managing dialogue between two communicating parties?

    <p>Session</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What benefit does the layered model provide regarding collaboration between different vendor products?

    <p>Fosters competition as products can work together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which OSI model layer provides a common representation for the data transferred?

    <p>Presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the TCP/IP model directly interacts with hardware devices?

    <p>Network Access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of protocol design is assisted by the layered model?

    <p>Establishing layer-specific protocol information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the number 802.3 refer to in Ethernet standards?

    <p>The committee responsible for the standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'BASE' in 802.3 100BASE-T represent?

    <p>Baseband transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How fast do the latest versions of Ethernet operate?

    <p>10 Gigabits per second or more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the MAC address serve on an Ethernet network?

    <p>To recognize individual hosts on the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command would you use to determine the MAC address of a Windows computer on an Ethernet network?

    <p>ipconfig /all</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the 'T' in 802.3 100BASE-T?

    <p>Twisted-pair cable standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a MAC address assigned to an Ethernet network interface?

    <p>Assigned during manufacturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of MAC addressing?

    <p>To identify individual devices on the network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Transmission

    • Types of Personal Data
      • Volunteered Data: Shared by individuals, like social media profiles. Includes video files, pictures, text and audio files.
      • Observed Data: Captured by recording actions, like location data from cell phones.
      • Inferred Data: Based on analysis of volunteered or observed data, like credit scores.

    The Bit

    • Binary Digits: Computers use binary digits (bits), which have one of two values: 0 or 1.
    • Smallest Piece of Data: A bit represents the smallest piece of data.
    • Byte: A group of eight bits is called a byte.
    • ASCII: The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) uses eight bits to represent characters.
      • Capital Letter A: 01000001
      • Number 9: 00111001
      • Special Character #: 00100011

    Common Methods of Data Transmission

    • Media: Physical medium that signals are transmitted on, like copper wire, fiber-optic cable, or electromagnetic waves.
    • Signals: Electrical or optical patterns transmitted between devices.
    • Electrical Signals: Data is represented as electrical pulses on copper wire.

    Coaxial and Fiber-Optic Cabling

    • Coaxial Cable: Carries electrical signals with improved shielding compared to UTP.
      • Used for cable TV, satellite communications, and internet service.
    • Fiber-Optic Cables: Transmit data using pulses of light. Made of glass or plastic, immune to interference.
      • Parts:
        • Jacket: Protects against abrasion, moisture, and contaminants.
        • Strengthening Material: Prevents stretching.
        • Buffer: Shields core and cladding from damage.
        • Cladding: Acts like a mirror.
        • Core: Light transmission element at the center.

    Twisted-Pair Operation

    • UTP Cable Color Coding: Determined by the type of standard used.
    • Communication Elements:
      • Source: Sends the message (people or devices).
      • Destination: Receives the message.
      • Transmission Medium: Provides the path for the message.

    The Rules

    • Communication Protocols: Rules or agreements for communication.
      • Message Format: Structure of messages depends on the message type and channel.
      • Message Size: Rules govern the size of pieces transmitted across the network.
      • Timing: Affects transmission speed and data volume.
    • Protocols for Data Transmission:
      • TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Reliable delivery and flow control.
      • IP (Internet Protocol): Manages delivery of messages between sender and receiver.
      • Ethernet: Manages message delivery between network interface cards (NICs) on a local area network (LAN).

    Network Communication Models

    • Layered Models: Depict protocol operations within each layer.
      • Benefits:
        • Helps with protocol design.
        • Fosters competition between vendors.
        • Enables technology changes in one level without affecting others.
        • Provides a common language.
    • TCP/IP Model: Four layers:
      • Application: Represents data to the user, encoding, and dialog control.
      • Transport: Supports communication between devices across networks.
      • Internet: Determines the best path through the network.
      • Network Access: Controls hardware devices and media.
    • OSI Reference Model: Seven layers:
      • Application: Process-to-process communication protocols.
      • Presentation: Data representation for transfer.
      • Session: Organizes dialogue and manages data exchange.

    Ethernet

    • Ethernet Standards: Assigned by the 802.3 committee. Each version has a standard notation: 802.3 100BASE-T.
      • 100: Speed in Mbps.
      • BASE: Baseband transmission.
      • T: Type of cable (twisted-pair).
    • Ethernet MAC Address: A physical address that identifies each host on the network.
      • Assigned During Manufacturing: Every Ethernet network interface card (NIC) receives a unique MAC address.
    • Lab - Determine MAC Address:
      • Command: ipconfig /all on a Windows computer.
      • Analyze MAC Address: Determine the manufacturer.

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    Chapter 1.pptx

    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of data transmission, including types of personal data such as volunteered, observed, and inferred data. Learn about binary digits, bytes, and common data transmission methods. This quiz will enhance your understanding of how data is shared and interpreted in the digital world.

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