Data Structures Overview
21 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of primitive data structures?

  • They cannot be manipulated by machine-level instructions.
  • They represent fundamental data types built into programming languages. (correct)
  • They are always organized as collections of other data structures.
  • They include complex data types like arrays.

What is the main difference between linear and non-linear data structures?

  • Non-linear structures are always larger in size than linear structures.
  • Linear structures can only store one type of data element, unlike non-linear structures.
  • Linear structures can't be modified, while non-linear structures can be.
  • Linear structures maintain a direct sequential connection among elements, while non-linear structures do not. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a primitive data type in Java?

  • boolean
  • byte
  • char
  • Array (correct)

What can be said about non-primitive data structures?

<p>They focus on forming homogeneous or heterogeneous data elements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding static data structures?

<p>They allocate memory at compile-time and cannot be resized. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of static data structures?

<p>Memory is allocated at compile time. (A), Their data elements can be altered. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which data structure follows the FIFO principle?

<p>Queue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of data structure is memory allocated at runtime?

<p>Stacks (A), Linked Lists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about arrays?

<p>They store data elements in contiguous memory locations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes non-linear data structures from linear ones?

<p>There exists a hierarchical relationship among items. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a dynamic data structure?

<p>Stack (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does each node in a linked list contain?

<p>Two fields: information and pointer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which data structure allows insertion and deletion only from one end?

<p>Stack (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a binary tree?

<p>Each node can have a maximum of two children. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tree allows each node to have more than two children?

<p>N-ary Tree (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a graph consist of?

<p>A set of nodes and a set of edges. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does an N-ary tree differ from a binary tree?

<p>An N-ary tree can have an arbitrary number of children. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which operation involves accessing each data element once?

<p>Traversal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one main use of graphs?

<p>To solve real-world problems through interconnected networks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a ternary tree specifically allow for its nodes?

<p>Three child nodes labeled as left, mid, and right. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which operation is responsible for combining two sorted lists into one sorted list?

<p>Merge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Primitive Data Structures

Basic built-in data types in programming, directly handled by the machine.

Non-Primitive Data Structures

Data structures not handled directly by machine instructions; organized collections of data.

Linear Data Structures

Data structures where elements have a sequential order; each element (except first/last) has a successor and predecessor.

Static Data Structures

Data structures with a fixed size (cannot change); storage is allocated at compile time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dynamic Data Structures

Data structures with a size that can change during program execution; resizing is allowed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Array

A linear data structure that stores elements of the same data type in contiguous memory locations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Linked List

A linear data structure where elements are not stored contiguously; each element (node) points to the next.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stack

A linear data structure that follows the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Queue

A linear data structure that follows the First-In, First-Out (FIFO) principle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Non-Linear Data Structures

Data structures where elements are not in sequential order.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tree Data Structure

A hierarchical data structure where data is organized in nodes connected by edges.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Binary Tree

A tree data structure where each node has a maximum of two children (left and right).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ternary Tree

A tree structure where each node has at most three children (left, middle, and right).

Signup and view all the flashcards

N-ary Tree

A tree where each node can have any number of children.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Graph Data Structure

A non-linear data structure consisting of interconnected nodes (vertices) and edges.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Graph Vertices

The nodes in a graph.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Graph Edges

The connections or links between vertices (nodes) of a graph.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Graph Traversal

Visiting each vertex in a graph to process or retrieve data.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Data Structures

  • A data structure is a structured set of variables related to each other in various ways
  • It defines the relationship between data elements, enabling efficient data processing

Classification of Data Structures

  • Primitive Data Structures: Basic built-in data types in programming languages (e.g., Java)
    • Byte: Stores whole numbers from -128 to 127
    • Char: Stores individual characters
    • Boolean: Stores true or false values
    • Short: Stores whole numbers from -32,768 to 32,767
    • Int: Stores whole numbers from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
    • Float: Stores floating-point numbers with single precision
    • Long: Stores large whole numbers
    • Double: Stores floating-point numbers with double precision
  • Non-Primitive Data Structures: Data structures that aren't directly manipulated by machine-level instructions
    • Linear Data Structures: Data elements arranged in a sequential order
      • Static Data Structures: Fixed size and memory allocated at compile time, cannot be changed once created
        • Example: Array
      • Dynamic Data Structures: Size can change at run time memory is dynamically allocated
        • Example: Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues
      • Examples of Linear Data Structures
        • Array: Stores elements of the same data type in contiguous memory locations, accessed using indexes
        • Linked List: Stores elements in nodes connected by pointers and dynamically adjusts size
        • Stack: Follows Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle, insertions and deletions from the top
        • Queue: Follows First-In, First-Out (FIFO) principle, insertion at one end, removal at the other
    • Non-Linear Data Structures: Data elements are not arranged in sequential order
      • Examples (Types of Non-Linear Data Structures)
        • Trees: Hierarchical structure with a root node and sub-nodes
          • Binary Tree: Each node has a maximum of two children
          • Ternary Tree: Each node has a maximum of three children
          • N-ary Tree: Each node has a maximum of 'n' children
        • Graphs: Network of nodes (vertices) connected by edges

Basic Operations of Data Structures

  • Traversal: Accessing each data element
  • Search: Finding data elements based on criteria
  • Insertion: Adding new data elements
  • Deletion: Removing specific data elements
  • Sorting: Arranging data in ascending or descending order
  • Merge: Combining sorted lists
  • Create: Reserve memory for data elements
  • Selection: Choosing data based on conditions
  • Update: Modifying data elements
  • Splitting: Dividing data into subparts to reduce processing time

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Classification and Categories of Data Structures PDF

Description

Explore the fundamental concepts of data structures, including their classifications into primitive and non-primitive types. This quiz covers essential data types such as byte, char, and float, and their roles in programming languages like Java. Test your knowledge on how these structures enable efficient data processing.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser