Questions and Answers
What are the two primary properties to measure the performance of an algorithm?
What is an algorithm?
What is Space Complexity?
What are the three components of space required by an algorithm?
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What is an array?
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What is a limitation of an array element?
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How are array elements stored in computer memory?
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Why is it important to consider Space Complexity?
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What is a Data Structure?
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What is an example of a Primitive Data Structure?
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What is the purpose of using Data Structures?
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What is the difference between a Data Structure and an Algorithm?
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What is an example of a complex Data Structure?
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What is the benefit of using Data Structures?
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What is an Algorithm?
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Study Notes
Data Structures
- A way of collecting and organizing data to perform operations effectively
- Rendering data elements in terms of some relationship for better organization and storage
- Examples: player's name "Virat" and age 26, organized as a record like Player record
- Can be stored in a file or database as a data structure
Basic Types of Data Structures
Primitive Data Structures
- Examples: Integer, Float, Boolean, Char, etc.
- Basic types: Character (character, char), Integer (integer, int, short, long, byte), Floating-point number (float, double, real, double precision), Fixed-point number (fixed), Boolean (logical values true and false), Reference (also called a pointer or handle)
Abstract Data Structures
- Used to store large and connected data
- Also known as complex Data Structures
- Examples: Tree, Graph, Stack, Queue, etc.
- Allow different operations to be performed on data
Algorithm
- A finite set of instructions or logic to accomplish a certain predefined task
- Not the complete code or program, but the core logic (solution) of a problem
- Can be expressed as an informal high-level description, pseudocode, or a flowchart
- Performance measured by:
- Time Complexity
- Space Complexity
Space Complexity
- Amount of memory space required by the algorithm during execution
- Must be taken seriously for multi-user systems and limited memory availability
- Algorithm requires space for:
- Instruction Space
- Data Space
- Environment Space
Time Complexity
- Amount of time needed by the program to run to completion
- Represented by the time required to execute the algorithm
Arrays
- A sequence of objects of the same data type
- Examples: names of persons, instrument readings, roll numbers of students
- All elements of an array are of the same type (e.g., int, char, floating decimal point)
- Array elements cannot be a mixture of different data types or functions
- Stored in a sequence of adjacent memory blocks in computer memory
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Description
Learn about data structures, a way of collecting and organizing data for effective operations. Understand how to render data elements for better organization and storage.
