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Questions and Answers
What is a data structure?
A data structure is a representation of data and the operations allowed on that data. It is a way to store and organize data in order to facilitate the access and modifications.
What are the two considerations for selecting a data structure?
The choice of a particular data model depends on being rich enough in structure to represent the relationship between data elements and simple enough to effectively process the data when necessary.
What are the core operations every collection data structure should provide?
Every data structure should provide ways to add an item, remove an item, and find, retrieve, or access an item.
Array index numbers start at 0. If an array has n elements, the last array index number is n-1.
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Provide an example of declaring a 1D array in C++.
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How is a 2D array declared in C++?
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In C++, how can you assign values to a declared array?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Data Structures and Algorithms
- BSc (Hons) in Software Engineering course covers Data Structures and Algorithms in module IT1204
- Learning Outcome 01: Explain the theoretical foundations of basic data structures and algorithms
What is Data Structure?
- A data structure is a representation of data and the operations allowed on that data
- It is a way to store and organize data in order to facilitate access and modifications
- Data structures are methods of representing logical relationships between individual data elements related to the solution of a given problem
Basic Data Structures
- Linear Data Structures: Arrays, Linked Lists, Stacks, Queues
- Non-Linear Data Structures: Trees, Graphs, Hash Tables
Selection of Data Structure
- The choice of particular data model depends on two considerations:
- It must be rich enough in structure to represent the relationship between data elements
- The structure should be simple enough that one can effectively process the data when necessary
The Core Operations
- Every collection data structure should provide a way to:
- Add an item
- Remove an item
- Find, retrieve, or access an item
- Many other possibilities, such as checking if the collection is empty, making the collection empty, and giving a subset of the collection
Arrays
- Array index numbers start at 0
- The last array index number is n-1 if the array has n elements
- Declaring arrays in C++:
int marks[20];orint marks[] = {14,56,44,36,89,43}; - 2 Dimensional Arrays (2D arrays): used to store elements of a matrix, e.g.,
int matrix[3][4]; - Example of declaring a 4*3 array, assigning values, and displaying the array in matrix format using C++: using
#include,using namespace std;, and a print function.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of data structures and algorithms, including theoretical foundations and objectives. Assessment for IT1204 course in BSc Software Engineering.
