Data Structures & Algorithm Analysis: Unit II

A set of data values having predefined characteristics.

An ADT is a class of data objects with a set of operations for creating and manipulating them. Components include declaration of data, declaration of operations, encapsulation of data and operations, and hiding implementation of operations.

It is effective when it models something in the real world.

<p>ADTs help in separating parts of a larger programming task, enabling better structuring and collaboration among multiple programmers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The importance depends on the intended use case of the ADT. For example, a car ADT may or may not need a method to return the car's color based on the context of the application.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abstract Data Types (ADT) refer to a mathematical model for data types where a data type is defined by its behavior from the point of view of a user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Composite data in data structures refers to data that is broken into subfields, each having its own meaning. For example, an address can be considered as composite data with subfields like street number, street name, city, and zip code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Time complexity in algorithm analysis refers to the amount of time taken by an algorithm to run as a function of the length of the input. It helps in understanding how the algorithm's performance scales with input size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic data refers to indivisible data elements that cannot be further divided into meaningful parts, such as integers or strings. Composite data, on the other hand, consists of multiple subfields that collectively represent a single entity, like a person's address consisting of street number, street name, city, and zip code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primitive data structures are directly operated upon by machine-level instructions, while non-primitive data structures are derived from primitive data structures and consist of sets of homogeneous and heterogeneous data elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linear data structures consist of ordered lists where data items are connected by position or links/pointers, showing an adjacency relationship and are frequently used for similar kinds of data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single linked list allows traversal among nodes in one direction, while a doubly linked list allows traversal among nodes in both directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-linear data structures do not show an adjacency relationship between elements and can represent data in a non-sequential manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A tree data structure is an example of a non-linear data structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persistent data structures allow modifications without destroying previous versions, while ephemeral data structures destroy the version being modified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Traversal means accessing each node exactly once in order to process the nodes of a data structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pseudocode is a tool used to define algorithms in a language-independent manner, combining English descriptions with structured code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static data structures have fixed-size memory allocation, while dynamic data structures allocate memory as per requirement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spaghetti code refers to unstructured, hard-to-maintain source code caused by factors like volatile project requirements or lack of programming style rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers