Data Plane (Chapter 4 - Part 1)

Which of the following is a principle behind network layer services, focusing on the data plane?

The primary role of network layer protocols in every Internet device is to handle transport layer segmentation.

What is the main function of the forwarding process in the network layer?

What distinguishes the routing function from the forwarding function in the network layer?

In the context of network layer functions, the forwarding process operates in the timescale of ______.

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) implements the data plane in remote servers for route calculations.

What is the key function of the data plane in a router?

Match the plane with its function:

In a router, the control plane operates on a faster timescale (nanoseconds) than the data plane (milliseconds).

In software-defined networking (SDN), forwarding tables are installed in routers by the ______.

Which component within a router uses header field values to lookup the output port, based on a forwarding table?

In destination-based forwarding, the forwarding decision is based on a combination of the source and destination IP addresses.

What is the maximum length of an IPv4 datagram?

What is the typical size of an IPv4 datagram, within bytes?

The IPv4 header field used to limit the lifetime of a packet in a network, preventing it from circulating endlessly, is called ______.

The 'Type of Service' (TOS) field in the IPv4 header is used to differentiate IP packets based on the destination address.

Which field in the IPv4 header indicates the protocol used in the data portion of the IP datagram?

What is the minimum value for the header length field in an IPv4 header, in 4-byte units?

If the Time to Live (TTL) field in an IPv4 packet reaches ______, the packet is discarded to prevent endless circulation.

What is the purpose of the header checksum in an IPv4 packet?

In IPv4 fragmentation, routers along the path are responsible for reassembling the fragmented datagrams.

What action does a router take if the 'Don't Fragment' (DF) bit is set in an IPv4 packet and the packet's length exceeds the MTU?

In IPv4 fragmentation, the ______ field in the header is used to indicate where a fragment belongs in the original IP packet.

If an IPv4 packet arrives with the 'More Fragments' (MF) flag set to 0, it indicates the packet is the first fragment of a series.

What does the term MTU refer to?

What is the bit-length of an IPv4 address?

The representation 11001000 00010111 00010000 00000000 can be converted to dotted-decimal notation as ______.

An IP address is associated with a host, rather than a router's interface.

What is the purpose of a subnet mask in IPv4 addressing?

What is the significance of '1's in a subnet mask?

In IPv4 addressing, the shorthand method of identifying a subnet mask by counting the number of bits set to 1 is known as ______.

A network address is typically assigned to a specific device within the network.

In IPv4 addressing, what is the range of IP addresses, 10.0.0.0/8, categorized as?

When an IP address is described as 205.16.37.39/28, what does the /28 indicate?

The last address in a block is used for broadcasting to all devices under the network, and is often known as ______ address.

In the context of IPv4 addresses, 'supernetting' involves dividing a single large network into smaller subnets.

What protocol allows a host to dynamically obtain an IP address from a network server?

According to the content, which organization is in charge of managing the DNS root zone IPs?

The process by which a network shares a single public IPv4 address is known as ______.

With NAT, the IP addresses of devices inside a local network are directly addressable and visible from outside the network.

What does the ICMP protocol primarily facilitate?

What is the role of Traceroute protocol?

The network utility that uses ICMP 'time exceeded' messages to trace the path taken by packets across an IP network is ______.

Which protocol is used to find the Layer 2 (MAC) address of a device given its IP address?

Which of the following is the primary focus of network layer services concerning the data plane?

The control plane is responsible for the end-to-end logic of how datagrams are routed among routers.

What is the function of the data plane in a network router?

In network architecture, the per-router function is known as ______.

Match the following functions to their corresponding plane in network architecture:

Which of the following scenarios describes decentralized switching in a router's input port?

Destination-based forwarding makes routing decisions based on a combination of multiple header fields for enhanced routing flexibility.

What are the two protocols listed that reside in the network layer in the Internet?

In the IPv4 datagram format, the field that indicates the remaining lifetime of a packet to prevent it from circulating indefinitely is called the ______.

Match the IPv4 header fields with their functions:

What is the typical size of an IPv4 datagram?

In IPv4 fragmentation, routers along the path are responsible for reassembling fragmented packets.

What is the purpose of the 'flag' bits in IPv4 fragmentation?

In IPv4 fragmentation, the ______ field is used to indicate where a fragment belongs within the original IP packet.

Match each flag with its corresponding meaning in IPv4 fragmentation:

What address is associated with each host or router interface?

A router typically has only one interface, whereas a host can have multiple interfaces.

What is the size of an IPv4 address?

The notation commonly used to represent IPv4 addresses, where each octet is written in decimal and separated by dots, is known as ______.

Match the description to the type of IPv4 address:

What is a primary function of the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?

The network portion of an IP address is determined by the host, and the subnet is determined by the network based on location.

What is the address scope exhaustion solution NAT intended to solve?

The process of combining multiple contiguous network address spaces into a larger single address space, often to reduce routing table entries, is known as ______.

Match the protocol with it's description:

Why NAT may be seen as controversial?

Classfull Inter-Domain Routing has arbitrary length.

What is the alternative and more specific term for aggregation of the routing tables?

When it comes to IPv4 addresses there is not an infinite amount, to help with address space exhaustion ______ comes in handy.

Match the following number of hosts to their required subnet block:

What is indicated by the DF (Don't Fragment) bit in the IPv4 header?

The TTL field in an IPv4 header is designed to hold a timestamp indicating when the packet was sent.

What does ICANN manage, related to IP address?

When all devices in local network share one IPv4 the outside world is concerned? ______.

Here are the IPv4 address ranges, map them to their respective subnet names:

What must one to do determine the subnet bits, on IPv4 addresses using CIDR allocation?

The ARP protocol is a transport layer protocol.

Does ICMP perform data segmentation and reassembly? (Yes/No)

It is best to determine the total number of hosts available when referring to ______.

Match each step of the ARP process with the appropriate MAC address:

In traceroute and ICMP what do you must obtain when using the round trip.

If the TTL is exceeded the router will give source quench back to the machine.

What is required to use DHCP on your machine?

By combining smaller networks you can create a larger network block, this is commonly referred to as ______.

Which of the following best describes the primary function of forwarding in the network layer?

The Time To Live (TTL) field in the IPv4 header is increased by each router that forwards the packet.

Why is the header checksum recomputed by routers in IPv4?

In the context of IP addressing, a(n) _______ is a 32-bit identifier associated with each host or router interface.

What is the significance of the 'More Fragments' (MF) flag in IPv4 fragmentation?

Describe the main purpose of Network Address Translation (NAT).

Which of the following is NOT a valid private IP address range as defined by RFC 1918?

Supernetting involves dividing a large network into smaller subnets to improve network management.

Match the following ICMP message types with their descriptions:

Which protocol is used by a host to dynamically obtain an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address from a network server?