Podcast
Questions and Answers
What primarily constitutes data in the context of data management?
What primarily constitutes data in the context of data management?
- Encrypted data for security purposes
- Raw facts that have not been organized (correct)
- Summarized reports and statistics
- Processed information ready for analysis
An organization can successfully complete business activities without data or the ability to process it.
An organization can successfully complete business activities without data or the ability to process it.
False (B)
What is the first step in transforming data into useful information?
What is the first step in transforming data into useful information?
Organizing it in a meaningful way
The most basic building block of information is known as a ______.
The most basic building block of information is known as a ______.
Match each term with its correct definition:
Match each term with its correct definition:
Which of the following is a key function of a database management system (DBMS)?
Which of the following is a key function of a database management system (DBMS)?
A DBMS allows unrestricted, open access to all data in the database for all users.
A DBMS allows unrestricted, open access to all data in the database for all users.
Name three types of users associated with a database management system.
Name three types of users associated with a database management system.
A collection of related, logically coherent data used by application programs within an organization is known as a ______.
A collection of related, logically coherent data used by application programs within an organization is known as a ______.
Match the components of a DBMS with their descriptions:
Match the components of a DBMS with their descriptions:
In the hierarchy of data, what does a 'record' typically represent?
In the hierarchy of data, what does a 'record' typically represent?
In the relational model, data is stored as one-dimensional arrays called models.
In the relational model, data is stored as one-dimensional arrays called models.
List three different database models.
List three different database models.
In a database, a two-dimensional table is referred to as a ______.
In a database, a two-dimensional table is referred to as a ______.
Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions in a relational database model:
Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions in a relational database model:
What distinguishes a 'primary key' from other fields in a database table?
What distinguishes a 'primary key' from other fields in a database table?
Data modeling involves detailing and diagramming data entities, but not relationships between them.
Data modeling involves detailing and diagramming data entities, but not relationships between them.
What is the main goal of entity-relationship (ER) diagrams?
What is the main goal of entity-relationship (ER) diagrams?
In database management systems, SQL stands for ______.
In database management systems, SQL stands for ______.
Match the SQL operations with their actions:
Match the SQL operations with their actions:
What does the SQL 'JOIN' operation primarily achieve?
What does the SQL 'JOIN' operation primarily achieve?
End users should determine how a database should be setup and managed.
End users should determine how a database should be setup and managed.
What are some factors to consider when selecting a database management system?
What are some factors to consider when selecting a database management system?
A ______ decides the content of a database.
A ______ decides the content of a database.
Match the following terms with their descriptions in regards to SQL operations:
Match the following terms with their descriptions in regards to SQL operations:
Which of these is considered a popular DBMS for end users?
Which of these is considered a popular DBMS for end users?
In Database as a Service (DaaS), the end-user is responsible for database setup and adminstration.
In Database as a Service (DaaS), the end-user is responsible for database setup and adminstration.
What is the major aspect of a Database as a Service?
What is the major aspect of a Database as a Service?
With Database as a Service, the ________ hosts the database network.
With Database as a Service, the ________ hosts the database network.
Match the following terms with their roles:
Match the following terms with their roles:
Concerning data warehouses, what is indicated by the phrase "roll up?"
Concerning data warehouses, what is indicated by the phrase "roll up?"
A data warehouse must be stored in the same city as its IT provider.
A data warehouse must be stored in the same city as its IT provider.
What does a data warehouse help to support?
What does a data warehouse help to support?
A ________ is a subset of a data warehouse.
A ________ is a subset of a data warehouse.
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Which answer best describes a data warehouse?
Which answer best describes a data warehouse?
As a data warehouse is utilized, the old data becomes very important and is never purged.
As a data warehouse is utilized, the old data becomes very important and is never purged.
How long do data warehouses commonly hold data?
How long do data warehouses commonly hold data?
The deletion of unwanted data is know as ________.
The deletion of unwanted data is know as ________.
Match the following terms with their descriptions in a relational database model:
Match the following terms with their descriptions in a relational database model:
Considering the Elements of Data Warehouses, where does the majority of the information originate?
Considering the Elements of Data Warehouses, where does the majority of the information originate?
Data Warehouses follow the command ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)
Data Warehouses follow the command ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)
What does OLAP provide?
What does OLAP provide?
Online analytical processing is ________ driven.
Online analytical processing is ________ driven.
Flashcards
Data Management
Data Management
Managing data to complete business activities successfully.
Bit
Bit
The most basic unit of data, either on or off.
Byte
Byte
A group of bits, typically eight.
Character
Character
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Field
Field
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Database Management System (DBMS)
Database Management System (DBMS)
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Database
Database
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DBMS Components
DBMS Components
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Hierarchical Model
Hierarchical Model
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Network Model
Network Model
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Relational Model
Relational Model
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Entity
Entity
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Attribute
Attribute
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Data item
Data item
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Primary Key
Primary Key
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Relational Database Model
Relational Database Model
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Data Model
Data Model
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Enterprise Data Modeling
Enterprise Data Modeling
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Join Operation
Join Operation
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Operations
Operations
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Insert Operation
Insert Operation
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Delete Operation
Delete Operation
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Update Operation
Update Operation
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SQL operations
SQL operations
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Database Management System Factors
Database Management System Factors
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Data base Location
Data base Location
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Data Ware House
Data Ware House
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Database as Service
Database as Service
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Decision support
Decision support
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Data Mart vs Waterhouse
Data Mart vs Waterhouse
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Data Purge
Data Purge
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Warehouses
Warehouses
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OLAP
OLAP
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Study Notes
Data Management
- Focuses on the organization's ability to process data for successful business activities
- Data comprises raw facts initially
- Data is transformed into useful information through meaningful organization
The Hierarchy of Data
- Structured from the smallest to the largest unit
- Begins with bits, which are circuits that are either on or off
- Bytes are typically made up of eight bits
- Characters are basic building blocks of information
- Fields are names, numbers, or combinations of characters
Database Systems
- A database management system (DBMS) defines, creates, and maintains a database
- A DBMS allows controlled access to data within this database
- The DBMS system is a central point in the process to apply user requests/authorizations to the underlying raw information
DBMS Components
- A DBMS comprises hardware, software, data, users, and procedures
Data Hierarchy (Continued)
- Databases contain files
- Files contain records
- Records contain fields
- Fields contain characters (bytes)
Database Models
- Hierarchical
- Network
- Relational
Hierarchical Model
- Data is organized into an inverted tree structure
- Each entity has only one parent but can have several children
- The entity at the top of the hierarchy is called the Root
Network Model
- Data is organized in a graph
- Some entities can be accessed through several paths
Relational Model
- Data is organized in two-dimensional tables called relations
- Tables or relations are related to each other
Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)
- Data is represented as a set of relations
- A relation appears as a two-dimensional table
- An entity is a generalized class of people, places, or objects for which data is collected, stored, and maintained
- An attribute is a column in a relation that represents a characteristic of an entity
- A data item is a specific value of an attribute
Keys in RDBMS
- A field or set of fields in a record is used to identify the record
- Primary keys uniquely identify each record
Relational Database Model Details
- Describes data using a standard tabular format
- Each row of a table represents a data entity (record)
- Columns of a table represent data attributes (fields)
- A domain details allowable values for data attributes
Data Modeling
- Data modeling involves diagramming data entities, relationships, and attributes
- Enterprise data modeling begins with investigating the general data and information needs of the organization at the strategic level
- Entity-relationship (ER) diagrams use graphical symbols to show the organization and relationships between data
Relational Database Model Applied
- Illustrates how database tables relate to each other
- Department Table links to Manager Table through Manager SSN
- Manager Table has a primary key to identify each manager
Operations in Relations
- Several operations can be defined to create new relations based on existing ones
- Such operations are defined in the database query language SQL (Structured Query Language)
- SQL is a declarative language where users declare what they want without specifying a step-by-step procedure.
SQL Operations
- Insert adds a new record into the relation
- Delete removes a record defined by a criterion from the relation
- Update changes the value of some attributes of a record
- Select retrieves specific tuples (rows) from a relation forming a subset from the relation
- Join combines two relations based on common attributes
SQL Insert Operation Example
- Shows how data is inserted into the "COURSES" table.
- Shows the SQL command is to add the row TCP/IP
SQL Delete Operation Example
- Shows how the command works
- Shows how to remove it from the "COURSES" table where the number is CI519
SQL Update Operation Example
- It is shown how to command works by updating it where CI51 currently displays networking
SQL Select Operation Example
- Where to select the specific courses from the "COURSES", unit 5
- The result of selecting each of these courses is shown
SQL Join Operation Example
- Join has attribute Course Name, professors and details for the combined courses
Selecting a Database Management System
- Selecting to suit the current characteristics of the organization involved
Database Administration (DBA)
- DBAs decide the content of the database by working with users
- They develop programs
- DBAs ensure applications comply with database management system standards
Popular DBMS
- Several systems exist for end users
- Systems include: Microsoft Access & FileMaker Pro
Database as a Service (DaaS)
- Database administration is provided by the service provider
- The database is then stored on the service provider’s servers
- Clients access servers via a network
Data Warehouses
- A database holds business information from many sources in the enterprise
- Managers drill down from more general to more specific views of data
- Historical data is extracted from operational systems and external data sources
Data Mart
- A data mart is a subset of a data warehouse
- Data marts bring together the data warehouse implementation
Data Warehouses Details
- Data warehouses start out as very large databases, possibly storing millions or hundreds of millions of records
- Data warehouses receive regular updates and remove old, unneeded data
- Data warehouses commonly contain from 3-10 years of current and historical data
Data Warehouse Processes
- Data warehouses automate the collection and verification of data
- Data is then merged from separate sources into one combined, streamlined database
Elements of Data Warehousing
- Data is extracted, transformed, and cleaned before being loaded into the data warehouse
- End users derive insights using query and analysis tools
Different Data Warehouse Processing
- Two different methods can be used
- Warehouses extract. transform, and load the data or extract, load, transform,
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
- A way to analyze multidimensional data from a variety of perspectives
- Provides top-down, query-driven data analysis
- Requires the user to undertake repetitive testing of user-originated theories
- Depends on human ingenuity and engagement
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