Data Engineering Tasks + components

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Questions and Answers

Which option accurately describes the hierarchical organization of BigQuery resources?

  • Project > Table > Dataset > View > ML models > Routines
  • Dataset > Project > Table > View > ML models > Routines
  • Project > Dataset > Table > View > ML models > Routines
  • Project > Dataset > Table > View > ML models (correct)

What is the correct format for referencing a table within a BigQuery SQL query or code?

  • dataset.table
  • project.dataset
  • project.dataset.table (correct)
  • project.table

Which level of access control in BigQuery can restrict access to specific columns within a table?

  • Dataset access
  • Table/view access
  • Column-level security (correct)
  • Row-level security

What is the minimum permission required to query data from a table or view in BigQuery?

<p>Read (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism for managing access to BigQuery resources?

<p>Identity and Access Management (IAM) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of a data engineer?

<p>Build data pipelines for data-driven decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes a data sink?

<p>A destination where data is stored or consumed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of data transformation in data engineering?

<p>Converting data into a format suitable for analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which storage solution option is likely used on Google Cloud for large-scale analytics?

<p>Google BigQuery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes metadata management options on Google Cloud?

<p>Strategies for organizing and maintaining data descriptions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using Analytics Hub for sharing datasets?

<p>It allows easy sharing of datasets both internally and externally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles is not typically associated with a data engineer?

<p>Conducting statistical analysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the process of data provisioning and enrichment involve?

<p>Enhancing and preparing data for specific use cases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum size of an object that can be stored in Google Cloud Storage?

<p>5 TB (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which storage class in Google Cloud is best suited for data accessed less frequently, approximately once per month?

<p>Nearline storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are objects accessed in Google Cloud Storage?

<p>Using HTTP requests (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Google Cloud Storage that enhances its reliability?

<p>Availability and durability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which among the following types of data is most appropriate for storage in Google Cloud Storage?

<p>Unstructured data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which storage class would you use for data that needs to be archived and is not accessed more than once a year?

<p>Archive storage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of retrieving parts of data in Google Cloud Storage?

<p>Ranged GETs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cloud Storage is ideally suited for which of the following primary uses?

<p>Hosting static websites and storing media files (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic best describes BigQuery?

<p>A serverless and fully managed data warehouse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT associated with BigQuery?

<p>Support for relational databases only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to query data in BigQuery?

<p>Via specific programming languages through REST API (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of BigQuery in handling large datasets?

<p>It can scan terabytes in seconds and petabytes in minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context is BigQuery best suited for use?

<p>For online analytical processing (OLAP) workloads (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of security does BigQuery offer?

<p>Security on dataset, table, column, and row levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an interactive way to access data in BigQuery?

<p>Using the bq command-line tool (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a vital feature of BigQuery's architecture?

<p>It utilizes a massively parallel processing architecture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a data sink in a data pipeline?

<p>To store processed and transformed data for future use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about unstructured data?

<p>It is typically stored in Cloud Storage or through object tables in BigQuery. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two Google Cloud products are primarily associated with the store phase of data processing?

<p>BigQuery and Bigtable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates structured data from unstructured data?

<p>Structured data is easy to analyze due to its format, while unstructured data lacks traditional organization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'ingest' refer to in the data pipeline?

<p>The collection and processing of raw data into the system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Cloud Storage primarily accommodate unstructured data?

<p>By allowing storage as object files or blobs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Analytics Hub in the context of data storage?

<p>To facilitate simple data sharing and collaboration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic most accurately represents structured data?

<p>It is organized into rows, columns, and tables. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary function does Dataplex serve in relation to organizational data?

<p>Centrally discovering, managing, monitoring, and governing distributed data (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not listed as a future capability of storage solutions?

<p>Hybrid cloud storage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Dataplex facilitate data discovery within an organization?

<p>By offering semantic search capabilities based on business context (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of data management, which aspect does metadata not contribute to?

<p>Reducing data storage costs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about BigQuery is false?

<p>It requires all data to be stored on-premises. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of using Data Catalog within Dataplex?

<p>It supports data classification for better governance. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes data sinks?

<p>Systems that consume data from various sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is not a feature mentioned as part of Data governance in Dataplex?

<p>Supporting real-time data processing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Data Sink

The final stop in a data journey where processed data is stored.

BigQuery

A serverless data warehouse solution on Google Cloud for analytics.

Bigtable

A highly scalable NoSQL database on Google Cloud for structured data.

Structured Data

Information stored in a predictable format, like tables and columns.

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Unstructured Data

Information not organized in a pre-defined manner, such as documents or audio files.

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Cloud Storage

Google Cloud service for storing unstructured data.

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Data Pipeline

A series of processes that move data from a source to a destination.

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Analytics Hub

A service for sharing datasets within Google Cloud.

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Role of a Data Engineer

A data engineer builds data pipelines for data-driven decisions.

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Data Source

A data source is where data originates from, such as databases or external APIs.

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Data Ingestion

Raw data ingestion is the process of collecting and storing raw data for later use.

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Data Transformation

Data transformation prepares raw data into a usable condition by cleaning and formatting it.

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Data Provisioning

Data provisioning involves adding value by enriching and preparing data for analysis.

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Metadata Management

Metadata management involves organizing and maintaining metadata which describes data characteristics.

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Data Engineer

A professional who manages and organizes data for analysis.

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Storage Classes

Categories in Cloud Storage based on access frequency: standard, nearline, coldline, archive.

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Object Metadata

Information about an object stored in Cloud Storage (e.g., size, type).

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HTTP Requests

Standard protocol for accessing objects in Cloud Storage via the internet.

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Object Size Limit

Maximum size of a single object in Cloud Storage is 5 TB.

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Serverless Data Warehouse

A type of data warehouse that doesn't require server management, enabling automatic scaling and high availability.

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BigQuery Features

Includes machine learning, geospatial analysis, and business intelligence tools for advanced analytics.

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OLAP

Online Analytical Processing; a category of software technology that enables analysts to perform multidimensional analysis.

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Real-time Analytics

The ability to analyze data immediately as it becomes available, especially for streaming data.

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Accessing BigQuery

You can access BigQuery through the SQL editor, bq command line tool, or REST API.

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Data Integration

The capability of BigQuery to integrate with other storage services for enhanced data management.

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Scalable Storage

The ability to expand storage capacity as data grows, without manual intervention.

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Google Cloud Console

A web-based interface for managing Google Cloud services, including BigQuery access.

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BigQuery Structure

BigQuery organizes data using the format project.dataset.table.

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Dataset in BigQuery

A dataset is a collection of tables and views within a Google Cloud project.

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Access Control Levels

Access permissions in BigQuery can be set at dataset, table, view, or column level.

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IAM in BigQuery

Identity and Access Management (IAM) is used to control access to BigQuery resources.

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Permissions for Querying

To query data in a table or view, read permissions on that table or view are required.

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Data Formats

The structures and encoding methods used to store data.

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Centrally Discover

The process of finding and accessing data across an organization from a central location.

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Data Quality

The measure of data's accuracy, completeness, and reliability for its intended use.

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Data Governance

The overall management of the availability, usability, integrity, and security of data.

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Data Lineage

A record of the flow of data from its origin to its endpoint, detailing its journey.

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Study Notes

Data Engineering Tasks and Components

  • Data engineers build data pipelines to prepare data for use in dashboards, reports, or machine learning models.
  • Data engineers get data from sources, transform it into a useful format, and save it to a data sink.
  • Data exists in structured and unstructured formats.
  • Structured data is stored in tables, rows, and columns.
  • Unstructured data includes documents, images, and audio files.
  • Data engineers use tools and options to bring external and internal data into Google Cloud.

Role of a Data Engineer

  • Data engineers gather, transform, and load data into usable formats.
  • They manage the data's quality and ensure its accuracy.
  • They create data pipelines for data-driven decisions.

Data Sources and Data Sinks

  • A data source is the starting point of data, the original location from which data is collected.
  • A data sink is where processed data is stored.

Data Formats

  • Data can be structured (rows, columns, tables) or unstructured (documents, images, audio).

Storage Options on Google Cloud

  • Google Cloud provides various storage options for structured and unstructured data.
  • Cloud Storage is used for unstructured data and offers several classes tailored for different access needs.
  • Options for storing structured data include Cloud SQL, AlloyDB, Spanner, Firestore, BigQuery, and Bigtable.

Metadata Management on Google Cloud

  • Metadata management enables better organization, discovery, and governance of data.

Sharing Datasets using Analytics Hub

  • Analytics Hub makes data sharing easier among organizations.
  • Centralized security and governance are provided by Analytics Hub.

Data Pipeline Stages

  • Data is replicated and migrated to Google Cloud.
  • The ingest stage is where raw data is received and becomes a data source.
  • Data is transformed into a usable condition in the transform stage.
  • Data is stored in a data sink in the store stage.

Data Lake vs. Data Warehouse

  • A data lake stores raw data in various formats (structured, semi-structured, unstructured).
  • A data warehouse stores pre-processed and aggregated data for analysis.

BigQuery

  • BigQuery is a serverless, fully managed data warehouse.
  • BigQuery supports several user-friendly ways to access data including SQL editor, command-line tool, and REST APIs.
  • BigQuery datasets are organized into projects, datasets, tables, and views.
  • Security is available at the dataset, table, view, column, and row levels.

Dataplex

  • Dataplex helps discover, manage, monitor, and govern data across an organization.
  • Dataplex manages data in the landing, raw, and curated zones.

Sharing Data Outside the Organization

  • Sharing data externally is challenging, requiring careful consideration of security, permissions, and usage monitoring.
  • Analytics Hub is a solution for sharing data outside the organization.

Lab: Loading Data into BigQuery

  • This lab focuses on loading data into BigQuery using various methods.
  • The lab uses command-line interface and Google Cloud console.
  • DDL is used for creating tables in BigQuery.

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Google Cloud Data Engineering Tasks and Components PDF

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