Data Engineering Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which option accurately describes the hierarchical organization of BigQuery resources?

Project > Table > Dataset > View > ML models > Routines

Dataset > Project > Table > View > ML models > Routines

Project > Dataset > Table > View > ML models > Routines

Project > Dataset > Table > View > ML models (correct)

What is the correct format for referencing a table within a BigQuery SQL query or code?

dataset.table

project.dataset

project.dataset.table (correct)

project.table

Which level of access control in BigQuery can restrict access to specific columns within a table?

Dataset access

Table/view access

Column-level security (correct)

Row-level security

What is the minimum permission required to query data from a table or view in BigQuery?

Read (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism for managing access to BigQuery resources?

Identity and Access Management (IAM) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of a data engineer?

Build data pipelines for data-driven decisions (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes a data sink?

A destination where data is stored or consumed (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key function of data transformation in data engineering?

Converting data into a format suitable for analysis (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which storage solution option is likely used on Google Cloud for large-scale analytics?

Google BigQuery (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes metadata management options on Google Cloud?

Strategies for organizing and maintaining data descriptions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using Analytics Hub for sharing datasets?

It allows easy sharing of datasets both internally and externally (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles is not typically associated with a data engineer?

Conducting statistical analysis (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the process of data provisioning and enrichment involve?

Enhancing and preparing data for specific use cases (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum size of an object that can be stored in Google Cloud Storage?

5 TB (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which storage class in Google Cloud is best suited for data accessed less frequently, approximately once per month?

Nearline storage (B) Signup and view all the answers

How are objects accessed in Google Cloud Storage?

Using HTTP requests (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Google Cloud Storage that enhances its reliability?

Availability and durability (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which among the following types of data is most appropriate for storage in Google Cloud Storage?

Unstructured data (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which storage class would you use for data that needs to be archived and is not accessed more than once a year?

Archive storage (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of retrieving parts of data in Google Cloud Storage?

Ranged GETs (B) Signup and view all the answers

Cloud Storage is ideally suited for which of the following primary uses?

Hosting static websites and storing media files (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic best describes BigQuery?

A serverless and fully managed data warehouse (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT associated with BigQuery?

Support for relational databases only (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to query data in BigQuery?

Via specific programming languages through REST API (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary benefit of BigQuery in handling large datasets?

It can scan terabytes in seconds and petabytes in minutes (D) Signup and view all the answers

In what context is BigQuery best suited for use?

For online analytical processing (OLAP) workloads (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of security does BigQuery offer?

Security on dataset, table, column, and row levels (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an interactive way to access data in BigQuery?

Using the bq command-line tool (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a vital feature of BigQuery's architecture?

It utilizes a massively parallel processing architecture (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a data sink in a data pipeline?

To store processed and transformed data for future use (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about unstructured data?

It is typically stored in Cloud Storage or through object tables in BigQuery. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which two Google Cloud products are primarily associated with the store phase of data processing?

BigQuery and Bigtable (C) Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates structured data from unstructured data?

Structured data is easy to analyze due to its format, while unstructured data lacks traditional organization. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'ingest' refer to in the data pipeline?

The collection and processing of raw data into the system (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does Cloud Storage primarily accommodate unstructured data?

By allowing storage as object files or blobs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Analytics Hub in the context of data storage?

To facilitate simple data sharing and collaboration (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic most accurately represents structured data?

It is organized into rows, columns, and tables. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What primary function does Dataplex serve in relation to organizational data?

Centrally discovering, managing, monitoring, and governing distributed data (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not listed as a future capability of storage solutions?

Hybrid cloud storage (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does Dataplex facilitate data discovery within an organization?

By offering semantic search capabilities based on business context (A) Signup and view all the answers

In terms of data management, which aspect does metadata not contribute to?

Reducing data storage costs (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about BigQuery is false?

It requires all data to be stored on-premises. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of using Data Catalog within Dataplex?

It supports data classification for better governance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes data sinks?

Systems that consume data from various sources (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is not a feature mentioned as part of Data governance in Dataplex?

Supporting real-time data processing (C) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Data Engineering Tasks and Components

Data engineers build data pipelines to prepare data for use in dashboards, reports, or machine learning models.
Data engineers get data from sources, transform it into a useful format, and save it to a data sink.
Data exists in structured and unstructured formats.
Structured data is stored in tables, rows, and columns.
Unstructured data includes documents, images, and audio files.
Data engineers use tools and options to bring external and internal data into Google Cloud.

Role of a Data Engineer

Data engineers gather, transform, and load data into usable formats.
They manage the data's quality and ensure its accuracy.
They create data pipelines for data-driven decisions.

Data Sources and Data Sinks

A data source is the starting point of data, the original location from which data is collected.
A data sink is where processed data is stored.

Data Formats

Data can be structured (rows, columns, tables) or unstructured (documents, images, audio).

Storage Options on Google Cloud

Google Cloud provides various storage options for structured and unstructured data.
Cloud Storage is used for unstructured data and offers several classes tailored for different access needs.
Options for storing structured data include Cloud SQL, AlloyDB, Spanner, Firestore, BigQuery, and Bigtable.

Metadata Management on Google Cloud

Metadata management enables better organization, discovery, and governance of data.

Analytics Hub makes data sharing easier among organizations.
Centralized security and governance are provided by Analytics Hub.

Data Pipeline Stages

Data is replicated and migrated to Google Cloud.
The ingest stage is where raw data is received and becomes a data source.
Data is transformed into a usable condition in the transform stage.
Data is stored in a data sink in the store stage.

Data Lake vs. Data Warehouse

A data lake stores raw data in various formats (structured, semi-structured, unstructured).
A data warehouse stores pre-processed and aggregated data for analysis.

BigQuery

BigQuery is a serverless, fully managed data warehouse.
BigQuery supports several user-friendly ways to access data including SQL editor, command-line tool, and REST APIs.
BigQuery datasets are organized into projects, datasets, tables, and views.
Security is available at the dataset, table, view, column, and row levels.

Dataplex

Dataplex helps discover, manage, monitor, and govern data across an organization.
Dataplex manages data in the landing, raw, and curated zones.

Sharing data externally is challenging, requiring careful consideration of security, permissions, and usage monitoring.
Analytics Hub is a solution for sharing data outside the organization.

Lab: Loading Data into BigQuery

This lab focuses on loading data into BigQuery using various methods.
The lab uses command-line interface and Google Cloud console.
DDL is used for creating tables in BigQuery.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential tasks and roles of data engineers, including building data pipelines, managing data quality, and understanding data sources and sinks. It also explores structured and unstructured data formats and their significance in data engineering. Test your knowledge on how data engineers prepare data for various applications!