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Questions and Answers
What is a key advantage of wireless computing systems?
Which technology is not mentioned in the context of wireless computing systems?
What is a characteristic of distributed computing systems?
Which feature is not an advantage of distributed computing systems?
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What aspect does a wireless application protocol (WAP) relate to within the context of wireless technologies?
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Which technology is associated with a radio-router in the context of wireless networks?
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What does a multihop wireless network involve?
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What type of communication technologies do wireless computing systems use for interconnecting computer systems?
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Which technology is NOT mentioned in the context of wireless computing systems in the provided text?
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What configuration enables the sharing of hardware and software resources among several users sitting far away from each other?
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What is a key advantage of multihop wireless networks mentioned in the text?
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What technology is associated with Wireless Local Loop (WLL) in the context of wireless technologies?
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In distributed computing systems, what does the term 'extensibility' refer to?
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What characteristic of wireless computing systems leads to higher reliability as mentioned in the text?
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Which technology is NOT listed as one of the advantages of distributed computing systems?
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Study Notes
Basic Elements of a Communication System
- A communication system consists of a sender (source), medium, and receiver (sink)
- The sender creates and sends a message
- The medium carries the message
- The receiver receives the message
Data Transmission Modes
- Simplex: Sender sends, receiver receives
- Half-duplex: Sender sends, receiver receives, and vice versa
- Full-duplex: Sender and receiver send and receive simultaneously
Data Transmission Speed
- Bandwidth: range of frequencies available for data transmission, affecting data transmission rate
- Baud: unit of measurement of data transfer, measured in bits per second (bps)
- Transmission speed categories:
- Narrowband: sub-voice grade channels, 45-300 baud, used for telegraph lines and low-speed terminals
- Voiceband: voice grade channels, up to 9600 baud, used for ordinary telephone voice communication and slow I/O devices
- Broadband: high-speed channels, up to 1 million baud or more, used for high-speed computer-to-computer communication and simultaneous data transmission
Data Transmission Media
- Commonly used media:
- Twisted-pair wire (UTP cable)
- Coaxial cable
- Microwave system
- Communications satellite
- Optical fibers
Network Topologies
- Term network topology refers to the way nodes are linked together
- Four major topologies:
- Star network
- Ring network
- Completely connected network
- Multi-access bus network
Star Network
- Consists of a host node connected to multiple nodes
Ring Network
- Nodes are connected in a circular configuration
Completely Connected Network
- Each node is connected to every other node
Multi-Access Bus Network
- Computers (nodes) share a single communication line
Hybrid Network
- Combines two or more network topologies
- Examples: ring-star and star-bus topologies
Network Types
- Local Area Network (LAN):
- Limited geographic coverage
- Higher data transmission rate
- Fewer data transmission errors
- Lower data communication cost
- Typically owned by a single organization
- Wide Area Network (WAN):
- Covers a larger geographic area
- Slower data transmission rate
- More data transmission errors
- Higher data communication cost
- Can be owned by multiple organizations
- Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):
- Shares characteristics of LANs and WANs
Network Interface Card (NIC)
- Hardware device that connects a computer to a network
- Provides a port for network cable attachment
Internetworking
- Interconnecting two or more networks to form a single network
- Goal: to hide details of different physical networks, creating a single coordinated unit
- Tools: bridges, routers, brouters, and gateways
- The Internet is the best example of an internetwork
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Description
Explore the differences between Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wide Area Networks (WAN) in terms of geographic coverage, transmission rate, data errors, and communication cost.
