Data Communication and Networking Overview
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Questions and Answers

What does an Internet Service Provider (ISP) primarily do?

  • Manufactures telecommunications equipment
  • Provides internet access to customers (correct)
  • Establishes internet laws and regulations
  • Designs software applications

    • A Central Office (CO) is where customers connect their devices directly to the Internet.

    False

    What is the role of a Network Service Provider (NSP)?

    To provide backbone services to an Internet Service Provider (ISP).

    A _____ is a site that allows connections from users and authenticates these connections for an ISP.

    <p>Point of Presence (POP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following internet terminology with their descriptions:

    <p>Central Office (CO) = Terminates customer lines and locates switching equipment Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) = Equipment located at the customer's end of the line Network Access Point (NAP) = An interconnection point for major ISPs Point of Presence (POP) = Site for user connection and authentication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common example of circuit switching?

    <p>Telephone network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Frame relay was developed to reduce the overhead associated with circuit switching.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the small chunks of data called in packet switching?

    <p>packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In circuit switching, a dedicated communication path is established between two ______.

    <p>stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is characterized by which type of data transmission?

    <p>Fixed-length packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Packet switching requires a dedicated transmission capacity along a path.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technology was developed to reduce the overhead in packet switching for high-speed communication?

    <p>Frame relay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each WAN technology to its description:

    <p>Circuit switching = Establishes a dedicated path between two stations Packet switching = Transmits data in small chunks called packets Frame relay = Reduces overhead for high-speed transmission ATM = Uses fixed-length packets for transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of connection allows multiple devices to share a single link?

    <p>Multipoint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A star topology links every device directly to each other.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element of the communication model is responsible for generating data?

    <p>Source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of a mesh topology?

    <p>Every device is connected to every other device with dedicated links.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Error detection and correction is only necessary in scenarios where errors are expected.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a bus topology, all devices are connected to a single _____ cable.

    <p>backbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the receiver in the communication model?

    <p>The receiver converts the received signal into data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connection requires a device to send data to a central controller first?

    <p>Star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ________ ensures that the data transmission does not overwhelm the receiving system.

    <p>flow control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a multipoint environment, it is impossible for devices to use the link simultaneously.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the communication tasks with their descriptions:

    <p>Transmission system utilization = Efficient use of shared transmission facilities Synchronization = Coordination of signal timing between transmitter and receiver Addressing and routing = Identifying destination and choosing a network path Message formatting = Agreement on data transmission format</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the topology types with their descriptions:

    <p>Mesh = Dedicated links between every device Star = Links to a central hub Bus = Single backbone cable connecting devices Ring = Each device connected in a loop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a key task in a data communication system?

    <p>Creating new data sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tap is a connector that _____ into the main cable or punctures the sheathing.

    <p>splices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Recovery in a communication system allows an interrupted transaction to resume from the point of interruption.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of data communication?

    <p>The exchange of data between two parties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the transmitter in the communication model?

    <p>To convert input data into a suitable signal for transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The use of fiber optic channels has decreased due to technological limitations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is multiplexing in the context of communication?

    <p>The ability of multiple devices to share a transmission facility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ affects performance and reliability in the transmission of information.

    <p>encoding technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following transmission types with their characteristics:

    <p>Fiber Optic = High capacity and low cost Wireless = Trend toward universal personal telecommunication Multiplexing = Shared transmission facility Compression = Reduced data size for transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common challenge that remains in communication budgets despite improved transmission technology?

    <p>Cost of transmission services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The received signal r(t) is always identical to the transmitted signal s(t).

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does compression do in the context of data transmission?

    <p>Squeezes the data size to use lower-capacity transmission facilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of topology has a dedicated point-to-point connection between each device and only the two devices on either side?

    <p>Ring Topology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Local Area Network (LAN) covers a large geographical area and connects multiple cities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a repeater in a ring topology?

    <p>To regenerate the bits of a signal and pass them along to the next device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A __________ Area Network typically connects multiple LANs within a city.

    <p>Metropolitan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the network types with their correct descriptions:

    <p>LAN = Small local area network MAN = Network within a city WAN = Covers large geographical areas Hybrid = Combination of multiple topologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT commonly used in Wide Area Networks (WAN)?

    <p>Ethernet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hybrid topology can combine two different network topologies into one network.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of LANs compared to other networks?

    <p>Higher internal data rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Data Communication, Data Networking, and the Internet

    • A communication system exchanges data between two parties.
    • Key elements include: Source (generates data), Transmitter (converts data to signals), Transmission System (carries data), Receiver (converts signals to data), and Destination (receives data).
    • Communication involves complex tasks: Interfacing, Signal generation, Synchronization, Exchange management, Error detection and correction, Flow control, Addressing, Routing, Recovery, Message formatting, Security, and Network management.
    • Transmission system utilization needs efficient use of shared transmission facilities.
    • Devices must interface with the transmission system for communication.
    • Synchronization between transmitter and receiver determines the start and end of signals.
    • There is a requirement for exchange management between communicating parties.
    • Error detection and correction is required where errors are not tolerated.
    • Flow control ensures the source doesn't overwhelm the destination by sending data too quickly.
    • Addressing and routing enable a source system to specify the destination and route.
    • Recovery allows interrupted transactions to resume.
    • Message formatting defines agreed-upon data exchange formats.
    • Security measures are frequently necessary in communication systems.
    • Network management is crucial to system configuration, monitoring, and reacting to problems.

    Communication Tasks

    • Transmission system utilization focuses on efficient use of shared facilities.
    • Proper device interfacing is necessary.
    • Signal generation is required for communication.
    • Synchronization between transmitter and receiver is vital for communication.
    • Exchange management addresses different communication requirements.
    • Error detection and correction handles inevitable errors.
    • Flow control prevents overwhelming the destination.
    • Addressing and routing determine destination and route.
    • Recovery enables interrupted activities to resume.
    • Message formatting agrees upon data exchange formats.
    • Security ensures data integrity.
    • Network management ensures efficient system operation.

    The Transmission of Information

    • The transmission line is the fundamental element of any communication facility.
    • Communication media choice depends on usage (business premises versus long-distance communication).
    • Technology advancements are rapidly changing communication media.
    • Fiber optic channels offer substantial capacity.
    • Switching is currently a bottleneck in some communication systems.

    Network Topologies

    • Point-to-point links connect two devices exclusively.
    • A multipoint (multidrop) connection allows multiple devices to share a single link.
    • Physical topology describes the geometric arrangement of a network.
    • Mesh topology: Every device has a point-to-point link to every other device.
    • Star topology: Devices are linked to a central controller (hub).
    • Bus topology: A single cable connects all devices.
    • Ring topology: Devices are connected in a ring with signals passed sequentially.
    • Hybrid topologies combine different topologies.

    Networks

    • Computers are interconnected worldwide as networks.
    • Networks handle voice, data, images, and video simultaneously.
    • Networks are categorized as Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wide Area Networks (WAN).
    • LANs are small, typically within a building or cluster of buildings, owned and managed by a single entity, and have high data rates.
    • MANs are networks of interconnected LANs within a city. The aim is to share resources.
    • WANs cover large geographical areas, connecting multiple LANs and possibly multiple MANs.

    Wide Area Networks (WANs)

    • WANs cover extensive geographical areas.
    • WANs utilize common carrier circuits.
    • WANs are composed of interconnected nodes called switching nodes.
    • WANs employ different technologies including Circuit switching and Packet switching.
    • Circuit switching establishes a dedicated path between two stations for data transmission.
    • Packet switching is a method of data transfer where data is broken down into packets that travel through the network independently.

    The Internet

    • The Internet is formed by interconnected networks.
    • The Internet's purpose is to connect end systems (hosts) like PCs, workstations, and servers.
    • Hosts are connected to networks (like LANs or WANs), which are then connected through routers.
    • The Internet operates by sending data in the form of packets (IP datagrams/IP packets).
    • Each packet has a unique numeric address (IP address) for the destination host.
    • Routers evaluate and forward packets based on their destination addresses.
    • The Internet utilises the TCP/IP protocol suite.

    Internet Architecture

    • The Internet is composed from thousands of overlapping networks.
    • Hosts are sometimes grouped in LANs.
    • Hosts and LANs connects to internet service providers (ISPs).
    • ISPs can regional or backbone and use peer links.
    • Internet terminology includes concepts like Central Office (CO), Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), Internet Service Provider (ISP), and Network Access Point (NAP).
    • Network service providers (NSPs) provide backbone services to ISPs.
    • Internet exchange (IX) points connect local ISPs.
    • Point of Presence (POP) is a site with telecommunication equipment, where user connections are managed.

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    Data Communication, Data Networking and the Internet PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the essential components of data communication and networking. It covers the roles of the source, transmitter, receiver, and other crucial elements involved in data exchange. Test your knowledge on synchronization, error correction, and network management fundamentals.

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