Data Cleaning: Check Null Rule

Data Cleaning: Check Null Rule

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Questions and Answers

Data Cleaning involves the use of simple domain knowledge, such as spell-check, to detect errors and make corrections.

True

Data Integration involves combining data from a single source into a coherent store.

False

ETL tools allow users to specify transformations through a command-line interface.

False

The Entity identification problem in Data Integration involves identifying aliens from multiple data sources.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data cleaning involves adding noise to the data.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data Reduction is one of the major tasks in Data Preprocessing.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data integration combines data from various sources into a coherent data store like a data warehouse.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Check null rule specifies the use of numbers or mathematical formulas to indicate the null condition.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data reduction can expand the size of the data by duplicating features.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data transformation involves scaling data within a smaller range like $0.0$ to $1.0$.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Believability is a measure of data quality related to how trustable the data are correct.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Accuracy in data quality refers to the timeliness of the data update.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data cleaning involves routines that work to fill in missing values, smooth noisy data, identify or remove outliers, and resolve inconsistencies.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data preprocessing involves major tasks such as data cleaning, data manipulation, and data visualization.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

One possible reason for faulty data is when users accidentally submit incorrect data values for mandatory fields.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Errors in data transmission can lead to faulty data.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Limited buffer size for coordinating synchronized data transfer is an example of a technology limitation that may lead to faulty data.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data preprocessing only includes tasks like data cleaning and data integration.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discretization involves mapping the entire set of values of a given attribute to a new set of replacement values.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Simple random sampling always performs better than stratified sampling in the presence of skewed data.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Normalization ensures that data is scaled to fall within a larger, specified range.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data compression aims to obtain an expanded representation of the original data.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stratified sampling involves drawing samples from each partition of the data set proportionally.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Attribute construction is a method in data transformation that involves adding noise to the data.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data discretization can only be performed once on a given attribute.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Concept hierarchies in data warehouses facilitate drilling and rolling to view data in a single granularity.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Concept hierarchy generation for nominal data always requires explicit specification of a total ordering of attributes.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data preprocessing includes tasks like data cleaning, data integration, and data reduction, but does not involve data transformation.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data quality aspects include accuracy, consistency, and timeliness, but not interpretability.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Automatic generation of hierarchies for a set of attributes is done solely by analyzing the number of distinct values for each attribute.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Data Preprocessing Overview

  • Data preprocessing involves data cleaning, data integration, data reduction, data transformation, and data discretization
  • The goal of data preprocessing is to transform raw data into a clean and meaningful format for analysis

Data Quality

  • Data quality refers to the accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, believability, and interpretability of the data
  • Measures of data quality include accuracy, completeness, consistency, timeliness, believability, and interpretability

Reasons for Faulty Data

  • Faulty data may occur due to:
    • Data collection instruments or software used may be faulty
    • Human or computer errors during data entry
    • Purposely submitting incorrect data values (disguised missing data)
    • Errors in data transmission
    • Technology limitations (e.g., limited buffer size for synchronized data transfer and consumption)

Data Cleaning

  • Data cleaning involves identifying and correcting errors, handling missing values, and removing noise from the data
  • Data cleaning is a process that involves data discrepancy detection, data scrubbing, and data auditing
  • Data migration and integration tools can be used to transform data and integrate data from multiple sources

Data Integration

  • Data integration involves combining data from multiple sources into a coherent data store
  • Entity identification problem: identify real-world entities from multiple data sources
  • Data integration involves data migration and integration tools, such as ETL (Extraction/Transformation/Loading) tools

Data Reduction

  • Data reduction involves reducing the size of the data set while retaining its integrity
  • Techniques used in data reduction include:
    • Aggregating data
    • Eliminating redundant features
    • Clustering

Data Transformation and Discretization

  • Data transformation involves scaling data to a standardized format
  • Techniques used in data transformation include:
    • Normalization (e.g., min-max normalization, z-score normalization, normalization by decimal scaling)
    • Smoothing (e.g., binning)
    • Attribute construction
    • Aggregation
  • Discretization involves dividing the range of a continuous attribute into intervals
  • Techniques used in discretization include:
    • Binning methods
    • Concept hierarchy generation

Concept Hierarchy Generation

  • Concept hierarchy generation involves organizing concepts (i.e., attribute values) hierarchically
  • Concept hierarchies facilitate drilling and rolling in data warehouses to view data in multiple granularity
  • Techniques used in concept hierarchy generation include:
    • Specification of a partial/total ordering of attributes explicitly at the schema level by users or experts
    • Specification of a hierarchy for a set of values by explicit data grouping
    • Automatic generation of hierarchies by analyzing the number of distinct values

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