Data Breach Threat

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary concern of a data breach?

Disruption of business operations

Damage to system hardware

Financial loss due to cyberextortion

Unauthorized access to sensitive information (correct)

Which type of threat involves the release of sensitive or confidential data to an untrusted environment?

Data breach (correct)

Cyberextortion

Phishing

Malware

What is the main difference between a data breach and cyberextortion?

The severity of the attack

The method of attack

The type of data stolen

The motivation of the attacker (correct)

Which of the following is an example of a data breach?

A hacker gaining access to a company's customer database Signup and view all the answers

What is not a characteristic of a data breach?

Demand for payment in exchange for not releasing sensitive data Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a firewall in a network security program?

To prevent specific types of information from moving between different network levels Signup and view all the answers

What type of firewall can react to emergent events and update or create rules dynamically?

Dynamic firewall Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

To identify system intrusions and alert administrators Signup and view all the answers

What type of IDS detects intrusions by comparing incoming events with a database of known attack patterns?

Signature recognition IDS Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a Denial of Service (DoS) attack?

To make a network or service unavailable to users Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism ensures that all system actions can be attributed to an authenticated identity?

Accountability Signup and view all the answers

Which type of firewall examines the header information of data packets to determine whether to deny or allow them?

Network Layer Firewall Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a stateful firewall?

To monitor the state of network connections Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a switch in a switched Ethernet environment?

To store MAC addresses of all machines in a CAM table Signup and view all the answers

What type of attack exploits human errors and system misconfigurations to breach security?

Insider threat Signup and view all the answers

In a switched Ethernet environment, what mode does a NIC operate in to capture all network traffic?

Promiscuous mode Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of identification in access control?

Proving the user's identity Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is capable of importing security event information from various network traffic-related sources?

Security information and event management (SIEM) software Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a packet-filtering firewall?

To block traffic based on source and destination addresses Signup and view all the answers

What type of attack involves tricking users into revealing sensitive information?

Phishing Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of accountability in access control?

To track system actions and identify users Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Network Security

A firewall's primary role is to prevent specific types of information from moving between different network levels.

Firewall Types

Dynamic firewalls can react to emergent events and update or create rules dynamically.
Stateful firewalls are not capable of dynamically updating or creating rules.
Hybrid firewalls are not specifically defined for dynamic rule creation or update.
Static firewalls cannot dynamically update or create rules.

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)

The primary purpose of an IDS is to identify system intrusions and alert administrators.
Signature recognition IDS detects intrusions by comparing incoming events with a database of known attack patterns.
Protocol anomaly detection IDS, anomaly detection IDS, and host-based IDS are not specifically designed for signature recognition.

Denial of Service (DoS) Attacks

The primary goal of a DoS attack is to make a network or service unavailable to users.
DoS attacks do not primarily aim to intercept communications, steal sensitive information, or gain unauthorized access to a system.

Security Mechanisms

Accountability ensures that all system actions can be attributed to an authenticated identity.
Authentication, authorization, and identification are not directly related to attributing system actions to an identity.

Firewall Functionality

Packet-filtering firewalls examine the header information of data packets to determine whether to deny or allow them.
MAC layer firewalls, application layer firewalls, and hybrid firewalls do not operate based on packet header information.

Network Traffic Management

In a switched Ethernet environment, a switch handles network traffic by storing MAC addresses of all machines in a CAM table.
Switches do not handle network traffic by ignoring packets, flooding packets, or broadcasting packets.

Insider Threats and Attacks

Insider threats involve attackers leveraging human errors and system misconfigurations to breach security.
Phishing, data breach, and ransomware are not directly related to insider threats.

Network Interface Card (NIC) Operation

In a shared Ethernet environment, a NIC operates in promiscuous mode to capture all network traffic.
Broadcasting mode, passive mode, and multicast mode are not related to capturing all network traffic.

Data Breach and Security Threats

A data breach involves the release of sensitive or confidential data to an untrusted environment.
Malware, phishing, and cyberextortion are not directly related to data breaches.

Security Event Management

Security information and event management (SIEM) software is capable of importing security event information from various network traffic-related sources and correlating events among them.
Intrusion detection systems, protocol analyzers, and packet sniffers are not designed for event correlation from multiple sources.

Identification in Access Control

The purpose of identification in access control is to prove the user's identity.
Assigning access levels, recording system actions, and verifying system use are not directly related to identification in access control.

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Description

Identify the threat that involves the unauthorized release of sensitive data to an untrusted environment. Learn about common cyber threats and how to prevent them.