Data and Computer Communications Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary disadvantage of using mainframes and dumb terminals?

They offer high levels of user independence.

They allow for extensive resource sharing.

They can become a single point of failure. (correct)

They are cost-effective for large businesses.

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'Sneaker Net'?

A network topology involving star configuration.

A method of connecting computers wirelessly.

An automated way of transferring data across the Internet.

The use of physical media for data transfer between computers. (correct)

What distinct advantage does a Distributed Processing System (DPS) offer in a network?

Individual PCs operate independently from the main server. (correct)

Centralized data storage for all users.

Simplicity in managing users and resources.

Increased financial costs and maintenance complexities.

What is a crucial function of networks as described in the information provided?

To manage user security with authentication methods. Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT typically associated with networks?

Single user mainframe Signup and view all the answers

What significant problem arises from using the 'Sneaker Net' for data transfer?

High probability of data transfer errors. Signup and view all the answers

In a simple computer network, what serves as the central organizing device for communication?

A master device. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best description of a network based on the content provided?

A collection of connected devices for sharing services. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the characteristic of a local area network (LAN)?

It operates at speeds of 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps. Signup and view all the answers

What primary function does a network interfacing card (NIC) serve in a computer network?

It allows the computer to connect to the network physically. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of network distinguished by its geographical coverage is designed for small areas like offices or laboratories?

Local Area Network (LAN) Signup and view all the answers

In terms of network components, which of the following is NOT considered a network device?

Refrigerator Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a notable feature unique to wireless local area networks (WLANs) compared to wired LANs?

Absence of any physical transmission media. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspects are NOT typically considered when classifying networks based on their types?

Users' skill level in networking Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of file sharing in network environments?

Files can be accessed rapidly from multiple computers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the communication capabilities of a network?

Communication can occur through various methods like e-mail and messaging. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) from a Local Area Network (LAN)?

A MAN connects several LANs across a wider area, while a LAN connects devices in a limited area. Signup and view all the answers

In a client-server network, which role cannot a computer perform?

Performing both client and server tasks simultaneously. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of server is responsible for managing print jobs and providing fax services on a network?

Printer server Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a Wide Area Network (WAN) compared to a Local Area Network (LAN)?

WANs cover longer distances typically across cities or countries. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a file server in a network?

To store, retrieve, and manage data files. Signup and view all the answers

Which network topology is characterized by every computer either being a client or a server?

Client-server network Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental limitation of Local Area Networks (LANs)?

They cover a smaller geographic area than MANs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the Internet as a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

The Internet connects computers over long distances. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Evaluation

Midterm exam is worth 50 marks
Final exam is worth 100 marks
Total marks for evaluation are 150
Textbook: Data and Computer Communications, 8th edition by William Stallings, Prentice Hall, 2006
Download link: https://www.readallbooks.org/book/data-and-computer-communications-8th-edition/

History of Computer Networks

Mainframes & Dumb terminals:
- Very high financial cost
- Beneficiaries cannot fully utilize these systems
- Potential single point of failure
Mini-computers/single user:
- Distributed computing or distributed processing

Sneaker Net

Disadvantages:
- Requires many floppy disks or CDs/DVDs
- Time-consuming and prone to errors during data transfer
- Inefficient for tasks like shared printing (printer needs to be moved to each PC to print)

Networks

Solution to sneaker net disadvantages: Connecting PCs together through a master device or communication line to transfer data between them.
Network definition: A network is a set of electronic devices connected for sharing information and services.

Types of Networks

Based on Size:
- LAN (Local Area Network): Covers small areas like a room, lab, office, or campus (up to a few meters)
  - High reliability
  - Low error rate
  - Narrowly owned (typically a single owner)
  - Sharing resources (e.g., printers, scanners) and communication (e.g., email) between users in a small area
  - Runs at 10/100/1000 Mbps, with low delays
  - A variation is WLAN (wireless LAN)
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): Connects several LANs spread over a city. Covers distances up to 30-50 km (e.g., a university campus).
  - Connects several offices in different buildings in a closed area.
- WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers large distances like cities, countries, continents, or globally (e.g., the internet)
  - Slower and less reliable than LANs
  - Allows users real-time communication.

Types of LANs

Client-Server Network: Each PC has either client or server role (but not both)
- A server holds all resources, and responds to client requests
- Many users can share data and resources hosted by a centralized server
- Offers security and administration to the network
Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network: All PCs are equal in importance (peers)
- No central control system for managing resources
- Resources may be independently secured on each PC
- Best for small networks (with less than 10 computers)
- Easy set-up for file sharing and printer sharing

Types of Servers

File server: Stores, retrieves, and moves data; enables users to read, write, exchange, and manage files.
Print server: Controls and manages printing on the network.
Application server: Shares expensive software & computing power.
Database server: Centralized database access.
Message server: Coordinates user interaction, documents and applications; data in various forms such as audio, video, binary, text, or graphics.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts from 'Data and Computer Communications' by William Stallings, including the history of computer networks and the limitations of sneaker net. It covers topics such as mainframes, mini-computers, and solutions to improve data transfer efficiency. Prepare to test your knowledge on the evolution of networking technology.