16 Questions
What is the purpose of descriptive statistics?
To describe the sample data
Which phase of data analysis allows making assumptions about the population?
Inferential statistics
What type of tests are applied to the sample's data in inferential statistics?
Tests to make assumptions about the population
Why is it important for the sample to be a good representation of the population in inferential statistics?
To make accurate assumptions about the population
What do summary statistics include?
Mean (Standard deviation), Median (interquartile ranges), frequency (Percentages)
Which phase of data analysis involves deriving conclusions from a statistical output?
Inferential statistics
In section 3.4, what are supplementary tests used for?
Testing for normal distribution
What is the purpose of task 3 mentioned in the text?
Locating the primary outcome
What is the formula for calculating the relative risk (RR)?
(39 x 60,000) / (6 x 30,000)
When is the risk of disease considered greater among those exposed according to the relative risk (RR)?
If RR is above 1
What does an odds ratio (OR) measure?
Total number of events
What does an odds ratio of 13 suggest in the context of smokers and non-smokers?
Smokers are 13 times more likely to develop cancer than non-smokers
When does the relative risk indicate a lower risk among those exposed?
If RR is less than 1
What does the statement 'the less frequent the observation, the more likely the RR and OR will produce the same result' imply?
The relationship between RR and OR depends on observation frequency
What happens when the relative risk (RR) is exactly 1?
The risk of disease is equal among those exposed and non-exposed
What does the odds ratio measure in relation to smokers and non-smokers?
The odds of developing cancer for both groups
Review and test your understanding of types of data, levels of measurement, introduction to data analysis, variables, descriptive statistics, and graphing techniques from a workbook or course materials.
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