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Data Analysis and Descriptive Statistics Workbook Review

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Data Analysis and Descriptive Statistics Workbook Review

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of descriptive statistics?

To describe the sample data (correct)

To interpret statistical results

To identify differences in the sample data

To make assumptions about the population

Which phase of data analysis allows making assumptions about the population?

Histograms

Inferential statistics (correct)

Numerical measures

Frequency tables

What type of tests are applied to the sample's data in inferential statistics?

Tests to interpret statistical results

Tests to make assumptions about the population (correct)

Tests to identify differences in the sample data

Tests to summarize and describe the sample data

Why is it important for the sample to be a good representation of the population in inferential statistics?

To make accurate assumptions about the population Signup and view all the answers

What do summary statistics include?

Mean (Standard deviation), Median (interquartile ranges), frequency (Percentages) Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of data analysis involves deriving conclusions from a statistical output?

Inferential statistics Signup and view all the answers

In section 3.4, what are supplementary tests used for?

Testing for normal distribution Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of task 3 mentioned in the text?

Locating the primary outcome Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating the relative risk (RR)?

(39 x 60,000) / (6 x 30,000) Signup and view all the answers

When is the risk of disease considered greater among those exposed according to the relative risk (RR)?

If RR is above 1 Signup and view all the answers

What does an odds ratio (OR) measure?

Total number of events Signup and view all the answers

What does an odds ratio of 13 suggest in the context of smokers and non-smokers?

Smokers are 13 times more likely to develop cancer than non-smokers Signup and view all the answers

When does the relative risk indicate a lower risk among those exposed?

If RR is less than 1 Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement 'the less frequent the observation, the more likely the RR and OR will produce the same result' imply?

The relationship between RR and OR depends on observation frequency Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the relative risk (RR) is exactly 1?

The risk of disease is equal among those exposed and non-exposed Signup and view all the answers

What does the odds ratio measure in relation to smokers and non-smokers?

The odds of developing cancer for both groups Signup and view all the answers