Scientists and other concepts from Gillooly Exam Review
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Questions and Answers

What scientist did Darwin co-author a paper on natural selection with?

  • Kimura
  • Wallace (correct)
  • Mendel
  • Mayr

    • What is the mechanism driving evolution according to Darwin's theory?

  • Genetic Drift
  • Gene Flow
  • Mutation
  • Natural Selection (correct)

    • What is one of the key aspects of Darwin's theory of evolution?

  • Descent with Modification (correct)
  • Unrelated species sharing no common ancestry
  • Sudden appearance of new species
  • Static nature of species

    • What did Darwin contribute significantly to the development of his theory during his voyage on HMS Beagle?

    <p>Made numerous observations and collected specimens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Darwin's theory of evolution propose about the diversity of life?

    <p>The diversity of life is the result of gradual modifications over vast periods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Charles Darwin begin developing in 1838?

    <p>His ideas on evolution through natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Alfred Russel Wallace independently formulate a theory of?

    <p>Natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Darwin visited the Galapagos Islands in a 5 year expedition aboard the HMS Beagle; he observed 13 varieties of finches and noted variation in traits such as their beaks (birds who ate larger seeds tended to have larger beaks, those that ate smaller seeds had smaller beaks), etc...

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Darwin had been developing his ideas on natural selection, and then Alfred Wallace independently developed a similar theory of natural selection. The 2 co-published the theory in 1858.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alfred Wallace is much better known for his work on natural selection compared to Darwin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of Darwin's 2nd book:

    <p>The descent of man and Selection in Relation to Sex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kimura propose about the majority of genetic variation at the molecular level?

    <p>It is selectively neutral and evolves by random genetic drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept did Kimura's work contribute to the development of?

    <p>Molecular clock concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kimura propose about the rate of molecular evolution according to his neutral theory?

    <p>It is relatively constant over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concepts did Kimura introduce in the field of molecular evolution?

    <p>Synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kimura challenge with his neutral theory of molecular evolution?

    <p>The prevailing view that most genetic changes were the result of natural selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kimura's neutral theory propose about the observed genetic diversity within and between populations?

    <p>It is due to neutral mutations that persist over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kimura's neutral theory, what is the main cause of the observed genetic diversity within and between populations?

    <p>Neutral mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kimura's work emphasize the importance of within populations?

    <p>Genetic variation and molecular diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory has remained a key framework in the field of population genetics and molecular biology despite facing critiques and debates?

    <p>Kimura's neutral theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular clock in evolutionary biology?

    <p>A concept that suggests regular base pair substitution rates over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Motoo Kimura emphasize in his theory of molecular evolution?

    <p>Processes independent of natural selection causing genetic and phenotypic variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kimura's theory of molecular evolution propose about synonymous substitution rates?

    <p>They are clock-like and regular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the significant contributions of Kimura's theory to evolutionary biology?

    <p>Recognition of the molecular clock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Kimura's work enable in evolutionary biology?

    <p>Calibration of evolutionary timescales and events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alfred Wallace proposed that speciation could occur due to:

    <p>Geographical barriers leading to isolated populations evolving independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alfred Wallace's contributions to science primarily laid the groundwork for understanding:

    <p>Evolution and biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Alfred Wallace's concept of speciation proposed that isolated populations could evolve independently due to:

    <p>Geographical barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about genetic drift is NOT true?

    <p>Genetic drift is more pronounced in large populations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about homologous traits is NOT true?

    <p>Homologous traits are the result of convergent evolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about sexual selection is NOT true?

    <p>Sexual selection is solely determined by external physical traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about intrasexual selection is NOT true?

    <p>Intrasexual selection is driven competition for a specific mate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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