Daoism and Chinese Buddhism

<p>Daodejing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The way (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zhuangzi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is considerable doubt regarding his actual existence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Way and Its Virtue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complementary opposites that rely on each other (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The life energy or vital energy of things (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are complementary forces that cannot exist without each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The recognition of differences and harmony among them (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Masculine corresponds to the sun, while feminine relates to the moon. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Religious Daoism includes a pantheon of gods and rituals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Jade Emperor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the force that enables perpetual transformation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He oversees the hierarchy of deities in Tian. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Xiwangmu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wuwei (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans are born without a moral compass, capable of both good and evil. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural spontaneity and authenticity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Dao. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zhuangzi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are intertwined, with ancestors living in Tian influencing earthly lives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meditative practice (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tiantai Buddhism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mindfulness meditation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intensive meditation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Doctrinal study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prosperity and joy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They help guide followers in study and meditation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To exemplify the Dao (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Practice is deemed more essential than study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Live naturally and spontaneously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are rituals for cleansing and communal offerings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mahayana believes in Celestial Buddhas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amitabha Buddha (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They guide souls in learning to improve in future lives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mahayana Buddhism developed many new versions in China (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contributed to its acceptance in China (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wu wei (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pu (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Religious Daoism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compassion, Moderation, Humility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The flow of the universe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harmony through non-action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It supplemented Daoism as a philosophy of life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A peaceful state of mind without striving (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A Chinese religion influenced by ancient Chinese folk religion, emphasizing divination and ancestor worship.

The traditional founder of Daoism, though possibly a composite figure from the 250 years around 100 BCE.

The foundational text of Daoism, discussing "Dao" (the way) and "Jing" (virtue).

A 4th-century BCE historical figure and author of a key Daoist text of the same name.

The way; a central concept in Daoism representing the natural order of the universe.

A rival Chinese belief system that heavily influenced Chinese culture.

The practice of foretelling future events.

The reverence for deceased ancestors, a common practice in Chinese culture.

Non-action; acting in harmony with the natural order, rather than against it; creative quietude.

Compassion, moderation, and humility. Key values in Daoism.

The core philosophy of Daoism.

Later development of Daoism, integrating earlier philosophical ideas with religious practices.

A significant early school of Religious Daoism formed around 180 BCE.

The fundamental ideas that guide the philosophy and practices of Daoism, including Dao, Wu wei, Pu, and the Three Treasures.

Practices like 'Zhai' (fasts) and 'Jiao' (offerings) are examples of communal rituals in Daoism, meant to cleanse and connect with deities and the Dao.

Complementary opposites, like darkness and light, that cannot exist without each other. They represent the dynamic balance in the universe.

Qi exists in two states: condensed, which is life and diluted, which is potential. It constantly transforms between these states.

A major branch of Buddhism that emphasizes the path to enlightenment through compassion and helping others.

Qi is the energy, and Yin and Yang represent its two states of manifestation. Condensed Qi is Yang, while diluted Qi is Yin.

A Celestial Buddha in Pure Land Buddhism, who guides those who devote themselves to him toward enlightenment.

Philosophical Daoism focuses on the cosmic Dao and natural principles, while Religious Daoism incorporates deities and practices.

A school of Mahayana Buddhism that emphasizes devotion to a Celestial Buddha like Amitabha, promising a 'Pure Land' of enlightenment.

The Jade Emperor is the central figure in Popular Daoism.

A Buddha who resides in a heavenly realm and guides the devoted towards enlightenment.

A school of Religious Daoism that emphasizes ritual practice and has a distinct pantheon of deities.

Daoist concepts and practices, like the importance of nature and living in harmony with the Dao, have influenced certain schools of Buddhism like Pure Land Buddhism, resulting in greater acceptance in China.

Laozi and the Three Pure Ones are prominent deities in the Celestial Masters school.

Religious Daoists believe in a hierarchy of deities governing Tian (Heaven), mirroring the bureaucracy of Imperial China. These deities can be promoted or demoted based on their actions.

Xi Wang Mu, also known as the Queen Mother of the West, is a prominent female Daoist deity who grants immortality to her devoted followers by feasting them with magical peaches.

Daoism holds the belief in immortality, potentially stemming from the concept of ancestor worship in Chinese folk religion. Ancestors, believed to reside in Tian, are considered immortal.

Though many immortals and figures appear in Daoist texts like the Zhuangzi, they are not typically worshipped. However, they still hold significance within Religious Daoism.

The concept of Dao in Daoism is distinct from Western theistic concepts. Becoming one with the Dao doesn't equate to union with a divine spirit or a mystical union with a God.

Wuwei, a core principle in Daoism, emphasizes acting without conscious effort, aligning with the natural flow of the Dao.

Ziran, meaning 'natural spontaneity', is a key principle in Daoism, emphasizing living in harmony with nature, embracing its inherent rhythms and processes.

In Daoist thought, Xinzhai involves calming and quieting the mind, freeing oneself from distractions and desires.

A school of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizing meditative practice over doctrine. It de-emphasizes sutra study and moral rules, focusing on mindfulness meditation and individual effort to achieve enlightenment.

Chan Buddhism strongly emphasizes mindfulness meditation, also known as 'zazen', as the primary path to enlightenment, pushing aside the importance of studying sutras and moral guidelines.

The first unique Chinese form of Mahayana Buddhism, developing around 550 CE. It emphasizes the Lotus Sutra and a specific style of intensive meditation, drawing heavily on doctrinal study and Bodhisattvas.

A key Sutra in Tiantai Buddhism, central to its teachings and emphasizing the importance of doctrinal study.

In Tiantai Buddhism, Bodhisattvas play a crucial role in guiding practitioners towards enlightenment, both in study and meditation.

A popular representation of Maitreya, the future Buddha, in China. His plumpness symbolizes prosperity and joy, and rubbing his belly is considered good luck in some Chinese cultures.

A blend of diverse religious elements from Chinese history, forming a unique religious perspective. Chinese religions integrate various practices and beliefs, creating a rich tapestry of spiritual traditions.