Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the average molecular weight of cellulose?
What is the average molecular weight of cellulose?
- 106 g/mol
- 350,000 g/mol
- 2,200 g/mol
- 400,000 g/mol (correct)
How many glucose units are typically present in a cellulose molecule?
How many glucose units are typically present in a cellulose molecule?
- 400,000 glucose units
- 106 glucose units
- 2,200 glucose units (correct)
- 24-30 glucose units
What type of glycosidic bonds are present in amylopectin?
What type of glycosidic bonds are present in amylopectin?
- α-1,4 and α-1,6 glycosidic bonds (correct)
- β-1,4 glycosidic bonds
- β-1,6 glycosidic bonds
- α-1,4 glycosidic bonds
What is the total amount of glycogen in the body of a well-nourished adult human?
What is the total amount of glycogen in the body of a well-nourished adult human?
What is the primary function of glycogen in animals?
What is the primary function of glycogen in animals?
Why is cellulose insoluble in water?
Why is cellulose insoluble in water?
What is the primary function of D-glucose in the human body?
What is the primary function of D-glucose in the human body?
Which of the following statements about D-galactose is true?
Which of the following statements about D-galactose is true?
What is the normal range of glucose concentration in human blood?
What is the normal range of glucose concentration in human blood?
How does the glucose concentration in blood change after eating a meal?
How does the glucose concentration in blood change after eating a meal?
What is the relationship between D-glucose and D-galactose?
What is the relationship between D-glucose and D-galactose?
Why is D-galactose sometimes called 'brain sugar'?
Why is D-galactose sometimes called 'brain sugar'?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cyclic hemiacetals?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cyclic hemiacetals?
In carbohydrate chemistry, what does the term 'pyranose' refer to?
In carbohydrate chemistry, what does the term 'pyranose' refer to?
What is the configuration of the anomeric carbon in the β-anomer of a cyclic hemiacetal?
What is the configuration of the anomeric carbon in the β-anomer of a cyclic hemiacetal?
Which carbon is considered the anomeric carbon in an aldopentose?
Which carbon is considered the anomeric carbon in an aldopentose?
What is the purpose of representing cyclic hemiacetals as Haworth projections?
What is the purpose of representing cyclic hemiacetals as Haworth projections?
Which of the following statements about anomers is correct?
Which of the following statements about anomers is correct?
What type of compound are glycosides hydrolyzed to in aqueous acid?
What type of compound are glycosides hydrolyzed to in aqueous acid?
How are glycosides named?
How are glycosides named?
Which reagents can reduce the carbonyl group of a monosaccharide to an alcohol?
Which reagents can reduce the carbonyl group of a monosaccharide to an alcohol?
What are the reduction products of monosaccharides called?
What are the reduction products of monosaccharides called?
How are alditols named?
How are alditols named?
Which statement about aldonic acids is true?
Which statement about aldonic acids is true?
What type of bond joins the D-glucose units in cellulose?
What type of bond joins the D-glucose units in cellulose?
Why can't humans digest cellulose?
Why can't humans digest cellulose?
Which organisms can digest cellulose?
Which organisms can digest cellulose?
What type of polysaccharides do humans use as glucose sources?
What type of polysaccharides do humans use as glucose sources?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a connective tissue?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a connective tissue?
What is the best known biological function of heparin?
What is the best known biological function of heparin?
Study Notes
- N-acetyl-D-glucosamine is an acetylated derivative of D-glucosamine.
- Cyclic hemiacetals form when aldehydes/ketones react with alcohols, creating a five- or six-membered ring.
- D-Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide in nature, essential in human nutrition, with a sweet taste.
- Glucose is a primary energy source for cells; blood glucose concentration ranges from 70-100 mg/dL.
- D-Galactose, an epimer of D-glucose, is crucial for lactose synthesis and found in brain glycoproteins.
- Polysaccharides like amylopectin (branched D-glucose), glycogen, and cellulose (linear D-glucose) serve energy/storage roles.
- Alditols are reduction products of monosaccharides, e.g., sorbitol, used as sugar substitutes for diabetics.
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Description
Learn about the significance of D-glucose in nature, its nutritional importance for humans, and its different properties. Understand the differences between D-glucose and L-glucose, and discover its various names and normal concentration in human blood.
