21 Questions
Which of the following is an advantage of cytology?
It requires minimal equipment and skill.
What is the main advantage of using fine needle sample (FNS) for diagnostic purposes?
It is less invasive and requires minimal patient prep.
Which type of cells are associated with one another and have distinct cytoplasmic borders?
Epithelial cells
Which of the following is a type of cystic lesion?
Sialocoele
What is the main advantage of using cytology for diagnostic purposes?
It allows for quick microscopic review.
Which of the following is a type of inflammatory lesion?
Granulomatous
Which of the following is NOT a common cytological specimen?
Biopsy specimens
What is the preferred method for sampling tissues and lumps during fine needle capillary sampling (FNCS)?
Using a capillary action sample
When redirecting the needle within a mass during FNCS, what is the aim?
To ensure uniform sampling across the area
What is the purpose of using a syringe preloaded with air during FNCS?
To push the sample onto a glass slide
What is the difference between inflammation and tissue growth (hyperplasia/neoplasia) that can be determined through cytological examination?
Cell number and type
What can cytological examination indicate about neoplasia?
Malignancy or benignity
What is the purpose of touch imprints in cytology?
To obtain a sample from a clean cut surface of a lesion
What is the aim of diagnostic cytology when examining inflammation?
To differentiate types of inflammation
What is the purpose of using a lavage during cytological examination?
To collect fluids for analysis
What is the preferred method for sampling tissues and lumps during fine needle aspiration (FNA)?
Using a needle and syringe
What are the advantages of cytology for sampling inflammation in animals?
Sampling is quick, safe, and inexpensive. Cells can often be safely retrieved from lesions near vulnerable structures in conscious animals, making anesthesia and surgical biopsy unnecessary. Sampling demands little equipment or skill. Results can be quickly available.
What are the limitations of cytology in the diagnosis of neoplasia?
In the diagnosis of neoplasia, cytology has limitations such as false negatives and false positives. False negatives may occur due to poor exfoliation of a neoplasm, failure to sample tumor tissue, or extensive necrosis/inflammation present. False positives may occur due to dysplasia, which can mimic neoplasia, or inflammatory lesions where all cells in the healing response reflect somewhat neoplastic lesions.
What information can histopathology provide that cytology cannot?
Histopathology provides information on tissue architecture, adequacy of excision, invasion, and is often the next diagnostic procedure. It can provide information on tissue architecture, which is often not preserved in cytology samples.
What is the difference between fine needle sample (FNS) and biopsy as diagnostic procedures?
FNS (Fine Needle Sample) is a minimally invasive procedure that requires minimal patient prep and restraint, can be done in conscious animals, and provides quick microscopic review. However, it does not preserve tissue architecture. Biopsy, on the other hand, is a more invasive procedure that requires more patient prep, restraint, and anesthesia. It involves fixing the tissue in formalin, preserving tissue architecture, and is often more conclusive than FNS.
What are the characteristics of epithelial cells in cytology samples?
Epithelial cells in cytology samples are high yield, associated with one another, form rafts, sheets, acini, and have a cuboidal, columnar, cobblestone-like appearance. They have distinct cytoplasmic borders.
Test your knowledge on cytology and fine needle sampling with this quiz. Learn about the definition of cytology and common cytological specimens, including fine needle samples. Discover how cytology can help determine pathological processes in tissues and fluids.
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