Cytokine Mediation in Acute Phase Response
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following cytokines is produced by macrophages and stimulates the production of C-Reactive Protein?

  • IL-1
  • TNF (correct)
  • IL-8
  • IL-6
  • What is the role of C-Reactive Protein in the body?

  • To bind to phosphocholine receptor on bacteria and assist in complement binding to the cell surface (correct)
  • To stimulate the production of IL-6 by macrophages
  • To inhibit elastase produced by granules in neutrophil
  • To attract immune cells to the site of infection
  • Which of the following acute phase proteins has a 50,000-fold increase in response to increased production of IL-6 by macrophages?

  • C-Reactive Protein (correct)
  • Serum Amyloid A
  • Alpha-1 antitrypsin
  • Tumour Necrosis Factor
  • What is the primary function of alpha-1 antitrypsin?

    <p>To inhibit elastase produced by granules in neutrophil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cytokine that stimulates the acute phase response?

    <p>Alpha-1 antitrypsin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type produces Serum Amyloid A in response to infection?

    <p>Liver cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of acute phase proteins during inflammation?

    <p>Inhibit or destroy microorganism growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are responsible for the production of acute phase proteins in the body?

    <p>Liver cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the acute phase response in the body's defence mechanism?

    <p>Eliminate microbes and prevent infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins are involved in activating the complement cascade and stimulating chemotaxis of phagocytes during inflammation?

    <p>Acute phase proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of measuring acute phase proteins in a laboratory setting?

    <p>To assess inflammation in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are primarily responsible for mediating the acute phase response and changes in acute phase protein concentrations?

    <p>Cytokines and TNF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of ceruloplasmin in inhibiting bacterial uptake of iron?

    <p>Oxidising iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein, when at low levels, is believed to inhibit bacterial growth due to reduced molecular transport?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Haptoglobin in restricting bacterial utilization of iron?

    <p>Binds to haemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the acute phase response, what biomarker would be preferred for short-term (<24 hours) monitoring of inflammation?

    <p>CRP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why has Plasma Viscosity (PV) been used as a replacement for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in some laboratories?

    <p>Less influenced by plasma proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of high ESR values (>100 mm/hr) in terms of predicting disease?

    <p>90% predictive value for non-hematologic diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

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