18 Questions
Which of the following cytokines is produced by macrophages and stimulates the production of C-Reactive Protein?
TNF
What is the role of C-Reactive Protein in the body?
To bind to phosphocholine receptor on bacteria and assist in complement binding to the cell surface
Which of the following acute phase proteins has a 50,000-fold increase in response to increased production of IL-6 by macrophages?
C-Reactive Protein
What is the primary function of alpha-1 antitrypsin?
To inhibit elastase produced by granules in neutrophil
Which of the following is NOT a cytokine that stimulates the acute phase response?
Alpha-1 antitrypsin
Which cell type produces Serum Amyloid A in response to infection?
Liver cells
What is the primary function of acute phase proteins during inflammation?
Inhibit or destroy microorganism growth
Which cells are responsible for the production of acute phase proteins in the body?
Liver cells
What is the main role of the acute phase response in the body's defence mechanism?
Eliminate microbes and prevent infection
Which type of proteins are involved in activating the complement cascade and stimulating chemotaxis of phagocytes during inflammation?
Acute phase proteins
What is the significance of measuring acute phase proteins in a laboratory setting?
To assess inflammation in the body
Which molecules are primarily responsible for mediating the acute phase response and changes in acute phase protein concentrations?
Cytokines and TNF
What is the main role of ceruloplasmin in inhibiting bacterial uptake of iron?
Oxidising iron
Which protein, when at low levels, is believed to inhibit bacterial growth due to reduced molecular transport?
Albumin
What is the function of Haptoglobin in restricting bacterial utilization of iron?
Binds to haemoglobin
In the context of the acute phase response, what biomarker would be preferred for short-term (<24 hours) monitoring of inflammation?
CRP
Why has Plasma Viscosity (PV) been used as a replacement for Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in some laboratories?
Less influenced by plasma proteins
What is the significance of high ESR values (>100 mm/hr) in terms of predicting disease?
90% predictive value for non-hematologic diseases
Explore the role of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF in stimulating the Acute Phase Response. Learn about the interleukins released by white blood cells, especially CD4+ T lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. Understand the function of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) in stimulating C-Reactive Protein (CRP) production.
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