Cystic Fibrosis and Ivacaftor

A child inherits cystic fibrosis. What is the probability that both parents are carriers of the disease, assuming it is an autosomal recessive trait?

Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism by which mutations in the CFTR protein cause organ obstruction in cystic fibrosis patients?

Dornase alfa is prescribed for a cystic fibrosis patient. What describes its mechanism of action in managing this condition?

A young adult with cystic fibrosis is prescribed ivacaftor. How does this medication improve lung function in patients with specific CFTR mutations?

Which of the following signs or symptoms is LEAST likely to be associated with bacterial pneumonia?

What accounts for the primary treatment approach for bacterial pneumonia?

What is the key distinction between latent and active tuberculosis (TB) regarding transmissibility?

An individual with latent tuberculosis is not treated. In what time frame will they most likely develop active tuberculosis?

A patient is prescribed isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RIPE) for active tuberculosis. Which adverse effect is most closely associated with ethambutol?

A patient is diagnosed with active tuberculosis and started on the RIPE drug regimen. After an initial intensive phase, how long is the typical continuation phase of treatment, involving fewer medications?

Which of the following mechanisms is primarily targeted by treatments aimed at reducing organ obstruction in cystic fibrosis?

A patient with cystic fibrosis experiences frequent respiratory infections. How does the altered CFTR protein contribute to increased susceptibility to these infections?

Which of the following best describes the rationale for prescribing multiple antibiotics for the treatment of active tuberculosis?

A patient being treated for active tuberculosis develops jaundice and complains of abdominal pain. Which of the RIPE drugs is most likely contributing to these symptoms?

A patient presents with a persistent cough, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss. Which diagnostic test is most appropriate to initially screen for active tuberculosis?

How does dornase alfa improve respiratory function in patients with cystic fibrosis?

A patient with a confirmed diagnosis of latent tuberculosis is otherwise healthy and asymptomatic. What is the primary goal of treating this patient with isoniazid?

A patient with cystic fibrosis is started on ivacaftor. What is the most likely mechanism by which this drug improves the patient's condition?

A patient is diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia. Which of these findings would be most indicative of the need for hospitalization rather than outpatient treatment?

A patient with latent tuberculosis is prescribed isoniazid as a preventative measure. Which supplement is commonly co-administered with isoniazid to prevent a potential adverse effect?