Cycling of Matter and Water Cycle Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which process moves carbon from the lithosphere into the atmosphere?

  • Volcanism (correct)
  • Deforestation
  • Condensation
  • Transpiration

Transpiration moves water from the atmosphere into the biosphere.

False (B)

What is the term for the problem caused by fertilizers entering the hydrosphere?

eutrophication

Bacteria in root nodules move nitrogen from the ______ into the biosphere.

<p>atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the process to the correct cycle:

<p>Condensation = Water Cycle Reforestation = Carbon Cycle Legumes with Root Nodules = Nitrogen Cycle Lightning = Nitrogen Cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process releases nitrogen as nitrites and nitrates into the lithosphere?

<p>Lightning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Deforestation causes carbon to move from the atmosphere to the biosphere.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does bacteria contribute to the carbon cycle?

<p>Bacteria perform cellular respiration and decomposition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lightning moves nitrogen from the atmosphere into the ______ as nitrites and nitrates.

<p>lithosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes moves water from the biosphere to the atmosphere?

<p>Transpiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process involves the release of water from plant leaves?

<p>Transpiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Energy is created and destroyed in ecosystems.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often is every particle in the human body replaced?

<p>At least once every seven years</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water vapor condenses to form __________.

<p>ice crystals or water droplets</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following water cycle processes with their descriptions:

<p>Evaporation = Liquid water turns into vapor Condensation = Vapor forms droplets or ice Precipitation = Water falls to the Earth Transpiration = Plants release water vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the water cycle?

<p>Photosynthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Matter in ecosystems is used up and cannot be replaced.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of water that enters lakes, oceans, and soil?

<p>Precipitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ecosystems require continuous renewal to maintain a __________.

<p>delicate balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when water turns from liquid to gas?

<p>Evaporation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are part of the water cycle?

<p>Evaporation (A), Condensation (B), Precipitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The majority of Earth's carbon is actively cycled through living organisms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two examples of fossil fuels?

<p>Oil and natural gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

The burning of fossil fuels releases ______ into the atmosphere.

<p>carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following carbon deposits with their descriptions:

<p>Coal = Formed from compressed plant matter over millions of years Limestone = A sedimentary rock formed primarily from calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms Oil = A thick, black, flammable liquid formed from decomposed organic matter Natural gas = Composed primarily of methane (CH4) and found beneath the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

Deforestation has a positive impact on the carbon cycle by increasing the amount of carbon stored in trees.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way humans impact the carbon cycle?

<p>Using renewable energy sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of nitrogen for living organisms?

<p>The atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants.

<p>Nitrogen-fixing bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of excess nitrogen in the environment?

<p>Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Water Cycle

The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.

Evaporation

The process where liquid water changes into water vapor, rising into the atmosphere.

Condensation

The process where water vapor in the air cools and condenses into tiny water droplets, forming clouds.

Precipitation

Water falling back to Earth from the atmosphere in the form of rain, snow, or hail.

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Groundwater

Water soaking into the ground, filling up underground spaces.

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Transpiration

The process where plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves.

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Cycling of Matter

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. In ecosystems, matter is constantly being recycled and used again.

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Energy Flow

Energy flows through ecosystems as organisms consume each other. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

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Ecosystem Renewal

The delicate balance within an ecosystem is maintained by the continuous renewal of water and nutrients.

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Origin of Resources

All the water and nutrients used by organisms in an ecosystem are derived from existing particles within the environment.

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What is the water cycle?

The continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. It includes processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.

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What is evaporation?

The process where liquid water changes into water vapor (gas) and rises into the atmosphere. It's driven by the sun's heat.

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What is condensation?

The process where water vapor in the atmosphere cools down and changes into liquid water, forming clouds. It's also responsible for dew and fog.

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What is precipitation?

Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface. It includes rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

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What is surface runoff?

Water flowing over the Earth's surface, usually after rainfall. It can flow into rivers, lakes, or oceans.

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What is groundwater?

Water stored underground in rock formations. It's an important source of drinking water.

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What is the carbon cycle?

The continuous movement of carbon atoms between living organisms, the atmosphere, and the Earth's crust. It involves processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.

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What is photosynthesis?

A process where plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to create their own food (sugars) and release oxygen. It's a key part of the carbon cycle.

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What is cellular respiration?

A process where living organisms break down sugars to release energy. It releases carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

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What is nitrogen fixation?

A process where nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is converted into usable forms for living organisms by bacteria and lightning.

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Volcanic Carbon Release

Volcanism is a geological process that releases carbon from the Earth's interior (lithosphere) into the atmosphere.

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Condensation in the Water Cycle

Condensation is the process where water vapor in the atmosphere changes into liquid water, forming clouds and eventually falling as precipitation.

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Fertilizer and Eutrophication

Fertilizers, when used excessively, can lead to eutrophication, a process where excessive nutrients enter aquatic ecosystems, causing algal blooms and oxygen depletion.

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Deforestation and Carbon Release

Deforestation, the clearing of forests, disrupts the carbon cycle by releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) stored in trees into the atmosphere.

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Lightning's Role in Nitrogen Cycle

Lightning strikes can provide the energy needed to convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrites and nitrates, making nitrogen available to plants and soil.

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Transpiration in the Water Cycle

Transpiration is the process where plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through their leaves.

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Bacteria's Role in Cycles

Bacteria play a crucial role in both the carbon and nitrogen cycles. They decompose organic matter, releasing carbon into the atmosphere or lithosphere, and fix atmospheric nitrogen, making it available to plants.

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Reforestation and Carbon Sequestration

Reforestation, the planting of trees, helps remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it in the biosphere.

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Nitrogen Fixation by Legumes

Bacteria in nitrogen-fixing nodules located on the roots of legumes, like beans and peas, convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.

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Activities to Review and Practice

Activities to Try on Google Classroom… 1.Consolidation task 2.Handouts to practice the cycles 3.Watch the videos to see if you’re understanding our lesson.

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Study Notes

Cycling of Matter in Ecosystems

  • Ecosystems continually renew and maintain a balanced environment
  • All water and nutrients come from particles already present in the environment
  • Matter (anything with mass and volume) is reused and transformed repeatedly
  • Energy flows through ecosystems as organisms consume each other
  • Energy is not created or destroyed, only transformed
  • The human body constantly replaces its particles, with an estimated replacement of every particle at least once every seven years
  • The cycling of matter and energy are essential for the functioning of ecosystems

The Water Cycle

  • The water cycle is the movement of water in its liquid, solid, or gaseous forms around the Earth
  • Liquid water evaporates to become water vapor
  • Water vapor condenses to form ice crystals or water droplets
  • Droplets collect in clouds and fall to Earth as rain, hail, or snow
  • Water then enters lakes, oceans, soil, or groundwater, and the cycle repeats
  • Plants release water into the atmosphere through transpiration

The Carbon Cycle

  • Carbon is present in both biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems
  • Carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide and sugars) is cycled during photosynthesis and cellular respiration
  • During the carbon cycle, carbon moves between biotic and abiotic parts of ecosystems
  • Most Earth's carbon is not cycled, but is stored in various deposits such as coal, limestone, ocean sediments, shells, oil and natural gas (methane or CH4)
  • These components form when decomposed organisms are compressed over millions of years

The Nitrogen Cycle

  • Most nitrogen exists in the atmosphere
  • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lightning convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for living things
  • Humans add nitrogen to the soil as fertilizer
  • Nitrogen is a crucial nutrient for soil and is absorbed by producers, then passed through the food chain to consumers.
  • Nitrogen is vital for creating DNA and proteins in living organisms

Human Activities and Ecosystem Cycles

  • Auto emissions from burning fossil fuels release carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere
  • Deforestation releases carbon stored in trees when they are burnt or decompose
  • Fertilizers introduce nitrogen to the hydrosphere, leading to eutrophication
  • Volcanic activity moves carbon from the lithosphere to the atmosphere
  • Reforestation moves carbon from the atmosphere into the biosphere
  • Lightning moves nitrogen from the atmosphere to the lithosphere, ultimately into the biosphere

Other Important Concepts

  • Lithosphere: The solid outer part of the Earth.
  • Atmosphere: The gaseous layer surrounding the Earth.
  • Biosphere: The zone where life exists on Earth.
  • Hydrosphere: The liquid water part of Earth.

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Related Documents

Cycling of Matter in Ecosystems, SNC1W PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the cycling of matter within ecosystems and the water cycle. This quiz covers key concepts about how matter and energy flow through ecosystems, as well as the movement of water on Earth. Challenge yourself on these essential environmental topics!

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