Cycle of Violence Phases
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of Phase 1 of the cycle of violence?

  • Physical abuse and violent eruption
  • Calm and loving behavior
  • Denial and downplaying of damage
  • Increased tension, anger, blaming, and arguing (correct)

    • What typically triggers a violent eruption in Phase 2 of the cycle of violence?

  • A major argument
  • A history of abuse
  • A threat to leave the relationship
  • A small incident (correct)

    • What is the primary goal of a battered woman in the relationship?

  • To stop the violence and find a way to keep the tensions from building (correct)
  • To end the relationship
  • To convince the batterer to seek counseling
  • To seek revenge against the batterer

    • What is the purpose of a batterer's positive reinforcement in Phase 3 of the cycle of violence?

    <p>To keep the victim in the relationship and give him another chance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a battered woman often try to work things out with her partner?

    <p>Because she has seen him control his behavior in the past</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does a batterer typically follow through on behavioral changes?

    <p>For as long as it takes to get his partner back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an ex parte order of protection granted pursuant to sections 455.010 to 455.085?

    <p>To protect the petitioner from domestic violence or stalking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the possible restrictions that can be included in an ex parte order of protection?

    <p>Restraining the respondent from committing or threatening to commit domestic violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence for a victim of domestic violence when she realizes she has been tricked and humiliated?

    <p>Lowered self-esteem and feelings of powerlessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances can a spouse be denied relief pursuant to this section?

    <p>If the spouse has no property interest in the dwelling unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a victim of domestic violence believe that prosecuting her partner would have a negative impact on his desire to change?

    <p>Because she believes he will change only if she is supportive of him</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of violating a temporary order of protection?

    <p>The respondent may be held in contempt of court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a mutual order of protection be granted?

    <p>When both parties have properly filed written petitions and proper service has been made</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason a victim of domestic violence might feel guilty about the abuse?

    <p>Because she assumes responsibility for the abuse and tries to determine how not to provoke her partner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the possible terms that can be included in a full or ex parte order of protection?

    <p>Temporarily enjoining the respondent from communicating with the petitioner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one factor that contributes to a victim's emotional dependence on her partner?

    <p>Her partner's reinforcement of a dependent relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a victim of domestic violence be isolated from friends and family?

    <p>Because her partner has isolated her to eliminate helpful others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason a victim of domestic violence might stay in the relationship due to societal attitudes?

    <p>Because society assumes a man's right to use physical violence against his wife</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a victim of domestic violence feel that keeping the family together is more important than her own well-being?

    <p>Because she believes having a father is more important than anything she can offer her children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason a victim of domestic violence might feel that prosecution is unlikely to be effective?

    <p>Because her partner has told her that even if she prosecutes, he will only get probation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way a victim of domestic violence might be influenced by traditional value systems?

    <p>By being forced to remain in the relationship due to strong religious convictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a victim of domestic violence feel that leaving the relationship is difficult?

    <p>Because she has low self-esteem and feels dependent on her partner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tactic might an abuser use to intimidate their partner, especially regarding their children?

    <p>Threatening to kidnap the children or contest custody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern for an abused woman who fears her partner getting custody of their children?

    <p>That he will harm the children or herself if he gets custody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate threat an abuser might make to maintain control over their partner?

    <p>Threatening to harm the partner, their children, or themselves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances is an immediate response to a domestic violence call mandated by Missouri Statutes?

    <p>When the caller indicates that violence is imminent or in progress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a 'primary physical aggressor' in Missouri Revised Statutes?

    <p>The most significant aggressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is considered when determining the primary physical aggressor?

    <p>The comparative extent of injuries inflicted or serious threats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protection order is issued immediately based on a verified petition and good cause shown?

    <p>Ex parte order of protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the respondent in a protection order is under 17 years old?

    <p>The case is transferred to juvenile court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of failing to serve an ex parte order of protection on the respondent?

    <p>The order remains valid and enforceable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of determining the primary physical aggressor in a domestic violence incident?

    <p>To ensure the safety of all parties involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances will the court make an order requiring a noncustodial party to pay child support?

    <p>When a prior order of support is not outstanding and all relevant factors have been considered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum duration of a maintenance order granted to a party?

    <p>One hundred eighty days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of violating an ex parte order of protection when the respondent has notice?

    <p>Class A misdemeanor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is a peace officer required to make an arrest with probable cause?

    <p>When the officer has probable cause to believe the offender has committed a violation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a peace officer do when a person fails to surrender custody of minor children?

    <p>Arrest the respondent and turn the children over to the other party</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is a written report required under Missouri Revised Statutes?

    <p>When the officer declines to make an arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What service must peace officers provide to victims of domestic violence?

    <p>At least two unspecified services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of violating a full order of protection when the respondent has notice?

    <p>Class A misdemeanor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances can a court grant a maintenance order?

    <p>For a period of time not to exceed one hundred eighty days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must a peace officer do when finding probable cause that a party has committed an act of abuse in violation of a protective order?

    <p>Arrest the party respondent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consideration when awarding custody of a minor child?

    <p>The best interests of the child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances can the court establish a visitation schedule?

    <p>When it is in the best interests of the child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of program may the court order the respondent to participate in?

    <p>A court-approved counseling program for batterers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor the court considers when awarding custody to a parent?

    <p>The respondent's history of domestic violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When may the court prohibit the respondent from transferring property?

    <p>When the property is mutually owned or leased by the parties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may the court order the respondent to pay for?

    <p>The cost of medical treatment for the petitioner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for a verified petition seeking certain orders?

    <p>It must contain allegations relating to the desired orders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what circumstances may the court appoint a guardian ad litem or court-appointed special advocate?

    <p>When both parents have engaged in abusive behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason the court may deny visitation to the noncustodial parent?

    <p>Visitation would endanger the child's physical health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may the court order the respondent to pay for in relation to a shelter for victims of domestic violence?

    <p>A reasonable fee for housing and other services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary element for a threat to be considered stalking?

    <p>A threat to the life of, or a threat to cause physical injury to, or the kidnapping of, the person or their family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between stalking and aggravated stalking?

    <p>The presence of a credible threat or violation of a protection order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a situation where a person would be committing aggravated stalking?

    <p>If the person has previously pleaded guilty to domestic assault and is stalking the same victim</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum age difference required for a stalking scenario to be considered aggravated stalking?

    <p>4 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of stalking or aggravated stalking?

    <p>A restraining order and possible imprisonment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key element of harassment in the context of stalking?

    <p>A course of conduct that serves no legitimate purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the officer at the scene of an alleged incident of domestic violence?

    <p>To inform the abused party of available judicial remedies and arrange transportation to a medical facility or shelter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for domestic assault in the first degree if the actor inflicts serious physical injury on the victim?

    <p>Class A felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a family or household member according to section 455.010?

    <p>Any child who is a member of the family or household</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for domestic assault in the second degree?

    <p>Class C felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for domestic assault in the third degree if the person has pleaded guilty to or been found guilty of the crime more than two times?

    <p>Class D felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Fourth Degree Domestic Assault?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of law enforcement officials at the scene of an alleged incident of domestic violence?

    <p>To inform the abused party of available judicial remedies and arrange transportation to a medical facility or shelter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the punishment for committing Fourth Degree Domestic Assault with a prior conviction of assault of a domestic victim?

    <p>Class E felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the crime of domestic assault in the third degree if the person knowingly causes physical contact with the family or household member knowing the other person will regard the contact as offensive?

    <p>Class A misdemeanor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the offense of abuse of an elderly person, a person with a disability, or a vulnerable person?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the crime of domestic assault in the second degree if the act involves recklessly causing serious physical injury to the family or household member?

    <p>Class C felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the punishment for abusing an elderly person, a person with a disability, or a vulnerable person?

    <p>Class A misdemeanor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the crime of domestic assault in the first degree if the person attempts to kill or knowingly causes or attempts to cause serious physical injury to the family or household member?

    <p>Class B felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the responsibility of the officer at the scene of an alleged incident of domestic violence in relation to transportation?

    <p>To arrange transportation for the abused party to a medical facility or shelter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a pattern of conduct composed of two or more acts, which may include communication by any means, over a period of time?

    <p>Course of conduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a credible threat?

    <p>A threat communicated with the intent to cause fear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the offense of abuse of an elderly person, a person with a disability, or a vulnerable person?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is not considered a course of conduct?

    <p>Picketing or other organized protests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the offense of domestic assault in the fourth degree?

    <p>A class A misdemeanor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the offense of abuse of an elderly person, a person with a disability, or a vulnerable person?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Cycle of Violence

    • Phase 1: Tension Building - increased tension, anger, blaming, and arguing
    • Phase 2: Violent Eruption - various types of abuse, acute incident, often triggered by a small incident
    • Phase 3: Calm, Loving, Denial - bonding stage, remorse, denial, downplaying damage, and making promises

    Reasons Why Leaving Is Difficult for Victims of Domestic Violence

    • Low self-esteem
    • Dependence on partner for financial support
    • Keeping the family together
    • Guilt
    • Promises of change
    • Emotional dependence
    • Fear of insanity
    • Isolation
    • Lack of resources
    • Learned behavior
    • Societal attitudes
    • Traditional value systems
    • Fear of loss of children
    • Fear of death

    Mandated Domestic Violence Calls

    • Imminent or in-progress violence
    • Protection order in effect
    • Previous incidents of domestic violence

    Primary Physical Aggressor

    • Defined as the most significant aggressor
    • Factors considered:
      • Intent to protect victims of domestic violence
      • Comparative extent of injuries or threats
      • History of domestic violence

    Protection Orders in Missouri

    • Ex parte order: temporary order granted without a hearing, remains in effect until a hearing is held
    • Full order: issued after a hearing, may include terms such as:
      • Restraining respondent from committing domestic violence
      • Restraining respondent from entering petitioner's dwelling unit
      • Restraining respondent from communicating with petitioner
      • Awarding custody of minor children
      • Establishing a visitation schedule
      • Awarding child support and maintenance
      • Ordering respondent to participate in counseling

    Criminal Terms and Conditions

    • Violation of an ex parte or full order is a class A misdemeanor, unless the respondent has previously violated an order, in which case it is a class E felony
    • Terms and conditions may include:
      • No contact with petitioner or child
      • No entrance upon petitioner's dwelling unit or place of employment
      • No communication with petitioner
      • No stalking

    Arrest Situations

    • Officer shall arrest the offender with probable cause, except:
      • If the same offender commits another violation within 12 hours
      • If the offender violates a protective order and has notice of the order
      • If the offender fails to surrender custody of minor children

    Written Report

    • Required when officer declines to make an arrest
    • Must include:
      • Description of the incident
      • Victim's name and address
      • Reason for no arrest
      • Any other pertinent information

    Services for Victims

    • Peace officers must inform victims of:
      • Available judicial remedies for relief from domestic violence
      • Available shelters for victims of domestic violence
    • Officers must provide or arrange transportation for victims to:
      • A medical facility for treatment
      • A place of shelter or safety### Domestic Assault
    • First degree: attempts to kill or knowingly causes serious physical injury to a family or household member, including children
    • Penalties: Class B felony, unless serious physical injury is inflicted or previous convictions, then Class A felony
    • Second degree: attempts to cause physical injury, uses a deadly weapon, or recklessly causes serious physical injury
    • Penalties: Class C felony
    • Third degree: attempts to cause physical injury, recklessly causes physical injury, or restricts access to others
    • Penalties: Class A misdemeanor, unless multiple convictions, then Class D felony
    • Fourth degree: attempts to cause physical injury, pain, or illness, or restricts access to others
    • Penalties: Class A misdemeanor, unless multiple convictions, then Class E felony

    Abuse of an Elderly Person, a Person with a Disability, or a Vulnerable Person

    • Definition: engaging in conduct that causes emotional distress or fails to provide care, goods, or services
    • Penalties: Class A misdemeanor

    First Degree Stalking

    • Definition: a pattern of conduct that harasses or follows another person with the intent of harassment
    • Penalties: Class A felony, unless aggravated, then Class B felony
    • Aggravated stalking: credible threats, violation of an order of protection, or violation of probation or parole conditions
    • Factors that enhance penalties: victim is 17 years old or younger, perpetrator is 21 years old or older, or previous convictions for domestic assault, violation of an order of protection, or other crimes.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the three phases of the cycle of violence, including tension building, violent eruption, and calm and denial. Learn how to recognize and understand the patterns of abuse.

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