Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does PHI stand for?
What does PHI stand for?
SIEM tools reduce the amount of data an analyst must review by providing alerts for specific types of threats, risks, and vulnerabilities.
SIEM tools reduce the amount of data an analyst must review by providing alerts for specific types of threats, risks, and vulnerabilities.
True
What is a playbook?
What is a playbook?
A manual that provides details about operational actions, such as how to respond to a security incident.
Encryption makes data ________ and difficult to decode for an unauthorized user.
Encryption makes data ________ and difficult to decode for an unauthorized user.
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What is the purpose of the Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP)?
What is the purpose of the Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP)?
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HIPAA prohibits sharing patient information without their consent.
HIPAA prohibits sharing patient information without their consent.
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The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) protects the processing of E.U. residents' data and their right to privacy in and out of E.U. territory. If an organization is not transparent about the data they are holding about an E.U. citizen, it is considered an infringement that can result in a fine. Additionally, if a breach occurs, the affected organization has __ hours to notify the E.U. citizen about the breach.
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) protects the processing of E.U. residents' data and their right to privacy in and out of E.U. territory. If an organization is not transparent about the data they are holding about an E.U. citizen, it is considered an infringement that can result in a fine. Additionally, if a breach occurs, the affected organization has __ hours to notify the E.U. citizen about the breach.
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What are the three rules governed by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?
What are the three rules governed by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?
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What are some forms of password attacks discussed in the reading? (Select all that apply)
What are some forms of password attacks discussed in the reading? (Select all that apply)
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Which domain do social engineering attacks fall under?
Which domain do social engineering attacks fall under?
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Cryptographic attacks affect only digital communication.
Cryptographic attacks affect only digital communication.
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What is the main motivation behind hacktivists' actions?
What is the main motivation behind hacktivists' actions?
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Supply-chain attacks target systems, applications, hardware, and/or software to locate a vulnerability where __________ can be deployed.
Supply-chain attacks target systems, applications, hardware, and/or software to locate a vulnerability where __________ can be deployed.
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What are transferable skills?
What are transferable skills?
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Which of the following is a technical skill related to cybersecurity?
Which of the following is a technical skill related to cybersecurity?
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Phishing involves the use of electronic voice communication.
Phishing involves the use of electronic voice communication.
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What is the primary purpose of malware?
What is the primary purpose of malware?
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______ is a manipulation technique that exploits human error to gain private information, access, or valuables.
______ is a manipulation technique that exploits human error to gain private information, access, or valuables.
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Why do professionals use portfolios when applying for jobs?
Why do professionals use portfolios when applying for jobs?
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What is the main difference between a resume and a portfolio?
What is the main difference between a resume and a portfolio?
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What are some examples of items one can include in a portfolio?
What are some examples of items one can include in a portfolio?
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A ___ repository is a folder within a project used to store the documents, labs, and screenshots completed during each course of the certificate program.
A ___ repository is a folder within a project used to store the documents, labs, and screenshots completed during each course of the certificate program.
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Match the glossary term with its definition:
Match the glossary term with its definition:
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Study Notes
Cybersecurity Skills
- Transferable skills:
- Communication: essential for mitigating security issues quickly
- Problem-solving: identifying and solving problems, recognizing attack patterns, and finding efficient solutions
- Time management: prioritizing tasks, managing urgency, and minimizing potential damage
- Growth mindset: willingness to learn and adapt in an evolving industry
- Diverse perspectives: respect for others and encouraging diverse perspectives leads to better solutions
- Technical skills:
- Programming languages: automating tasks, searching data, and identifying patterns
- Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) tools: collecting and analyzing log data, monitoring critical activities, and identifying potential threats
- Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs): monitoring system activity, detecting potential intrusions, and alerting security teams
- Threat landscape knowledge: staying up to date on current trends, attack patterns, and threat methodologies
- Incident response: following established policies and procedures to respond to incidents
CompTIA Security+
- The Google Cybersecurity Certificate prepares learners for the CompTIA Security+ exam
- Completing the certificate program unlocks a 30% discount for the exam and additional practice materials
Common Attacks and Their Effectiveness
- Phishing: using digital communications to trick people into revealing sensitive data or deploying malicious software
- Types:
- Business Email Compromise (BEC)
- Spear phishing
- Whaling
- Vishing
- Smishing
- Types:
- Malware: software designed to harm devices or networks
- Types:
- Viruses
- Worms
- Ransomware
- Spyware
- Types:
- Social Engineering: manipulating human error to gain private information, access, or valuables
- Types:
- Social media phishing
- Watering hole attack
- USB baiting
- Physical social engineering
- Principles:
- Authority
- Intimidation
- Consensus/Social proof
- Scarcity
- Familiarity
- Trust
- Urgency
- Types:
Determine the Type of Attack
- Password attack: attempting to access password-secured devices, systems, networks, or data
- Types:
- Brute force
- Rainbow table
- Related to: Communication and Network Security domain
- Types:
- Social engineering attack: manipulating human error to gain private information, access, or valuables
- Types:
- Phishing
- Smishing
- Vishing
- Spear phishing
- Whaling
- Social media phishing
- Business Email Compromise (BEC)
- Watering hole attack
- USB baiting
- Physical social engineering
- Related to: Security and Risk Management domain
- Types:
- Physical attack: affecting physical environments where the incident is deployed
- Types:
- Malicious USB cable
- Malicious flash drive
- Card cloning and skimming
- Related to: Asset Security domain
- Types:
- Adversarial artificial intelligence: manipulating AI and machine learning technology to conduct attacks
- Related to: Communication and Network Security and Identity and Access Management domains
- Supply-chain attack: targeting systems, applications, hardware, and/or software to locate vulnerabilities
- Related to: Security and Risk Management, Security Architecture and Engineering, and Security Operations domains
- Cryptographic attack: affecting secure forms of communication between a sender and intended recipient
- Types:
- Birthday
- Collision
- Downgrade
- Related to: Communication and Network Security domain
- Types:
Threat Actors
- Types:
- Advanced persistent threats (APTs): accessing an organization's network without authorization
- Intentions: damaging critical infrastructure, gaining access to intellectual property
- Insider threats: abusing authorized access to obtain data
- Intentions: sabotage, corruption, espionage, unauthorized data access or leaks
- Hacktivists: driven by a political agenda
- Intentions: demonstrations, propaganda, social change campaigns, fame
- Hacker types:
- Authorized (ethical hackers): following a code of ethics and adhering to the law
- Semi-authorized (researchers): searching for vulnerabilities but not taking advantage
- Unauthorized (unethical hackers): malicious threat actors collecting and selling confidential data
- New and unskilled: learning, seeking revenge, exploiting security weaknesses
- Vigilantes: protecting the world from unethical hackers### Glossary Terms from Module 2
- Advanced persistent threats (APTs): accessing an organization's network without authorization
Adversarial Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Manipulates AI and machine learning (ML) technology to conduct attacks more efficiently
Business Email Compromise (BEC)
- A type of phishing attack where a threat actor impersonates a known source to obtain financial advantage
CISSP
- Certified Information Systems Security Professional, a globally recognized and highly sought-after information security certification
Computer Virus
- Malicious code written to interfere with computer operations and cause damage to data and software
Cryptographic Attack
- An attack that affects secure forms of communication between a sender and intended recipient
Hacker
- Any person who uses computers to gain access to computer systems, networks, or data
Malware
- Software designed to harm devices or networks
Password Attack
- An attempt to access password-secured devices, systems, networks, or data
Phishing
- The use of digital communications to trick people into revealing sensitive data or deploying malicious software
Physical Attack
- A security incident that affects not only digital but also physical environments where the incident is deployed
Physical Social Engineering
- An attack in which a threat actor impersonates an employee, customer, or vendor to obtain unauthorized access to a physical location
Social Engineering
- A manipulation technique that exploits human error to gain private information, access, or valuables
Social Media Phishing
- A type of attack where a threat actor collects detailed information about their target on social media sites before initiating the attack
Spear Phishing
- A malicious email attack targeting a specific user or group of users, appearing to originate from a trusted source
Supply-Chain Attack
- An attack that targets systems, applications, hardware, and/or software to locate a vulnerability where malware can be deployed
USB Baiting
- An attack in which a threat actor strategically leaves a malware USB stick for an employee to find and install to unknowingly infect a network
Vishing
- The exploitation of electronic voice communication to obtain sensitive information or to impersonate a known source
Watering Hole Attack
- A type of attack when a threat actor compromises a website frequently visited by a specific group of users
Controls, Frameworks, and Compliance
CIA Triad
- A model that helps inform how organizations consider risk when setting up systems and security policies
- Three foundational principles: confidentiality, integrity, and availability
Security Frameworks
- Guidelines used for building plans to help mitigate risks and threats to data and privacy
- Four core components:
- Identifying and documenting security goals
- Setting guidelines to achieve security goals
- Implementing strong security processes
- Monitoring and communicating results
Compliance
- The process of adhering to internal standards and external regulations
- Examples of frameworks: NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF), NIST Risk Management Framework (RMF), FERC-NERC, FedRAMP, CIS, GDPR, PCI DSS, HIPAA
Key Takeaways
- Understanding controls, frameworks, and compliance is crucial for maintaining a low level of risk
- Staying up-to-date with changes and exploring more frameworks, controls, and compliance is essential for security professionals
Ethical Concepts that Guide Cybersecurity Decisions
United States Standpoint on Counterattacks
- Deploying a counterattack on a threat actor is illegal in the U.S. due to laws like the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 and the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015
International Standpoint on Counterattacks
- The International Court of Justice (ICJ) states that a person or group can counterattack if:
- The counterattack will only affect the party that attacked first
- The counterattack is a direct communication asking the initial attacker to stop
- The counterattack does not escalate the situation
- The counterattack effects can be reversed
Ethical Principles and Methodologies
- Confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) triad
- Respect for privacy and confidentiality
- Protection of personally identifiable information (PII) and sensitive personally identifiable information (SPII)
Glossary Terms from Module 3
Asset
- An item perceived as having value to an organization
Availability
- The idea that data is accessible to those who are authorized to access it
Compliance
- The process of adhering to internal standards and external regulations
Confidentiality
- The idea that only authorized users can access specific assets or data
CIA Triad
- A model that helps inform how organizations consider risk when setting up systems and security policies
Hacktivist
- A person who uses hacking to achieve a political goal
HIPAA
- A U.S. federal law established to protect patients' health information
Integrity
- The idea that the data is correct, authentic, and reliable
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF)
- A voluntary framework that consists of standards, guidelines, and best practices to manage cybersecurity risk
Privacy Protection
- The act of safeguarding personal information from unauthorized use
Protected Health Information (PHI)
- Information that relates to the past, present, or future physical or mental health or condition of an individual
Security Architecture
- A type of security design composed of multiple components, such as tools and processes, that are used to protect an organization from risks and external threats
Security Controls
- Safeguards designed to reduce specific security risks
Security Ethics
- Guidelines for making appropriate decisions as a security professional
Security Frameworks
- Guidelines used for building plans to help mitigate risk and threats to data and privacy
Security Governance
- Practices that help support, define, and direct security efforts of an organization
Sensitive Personally Identifiable Information (SPII)
-
A specific type of PII that falls under stricter handling guidelines### Playbooks in Forensic Investigation
-
Playbooks are documents that guide analysts through a series of steps to complete specific security-related tasks.
-
In a forensic investigation, playbooks outline the specific actions to take to conduct the investigation and ensure proper protocols and procedures are followed.
Chain of Custody Playbook
- A chain of custody playbook documents evidence possession and control during an incident lifecycle.
- It involves documenting who, what, where, and why evidence was collected, and tracking its movement to ensure its integrity.
- The playbook helps ensure that evidence is kept safe and tracked, and all parties involved know its location at all times.
Protecting and Preserving Evidence Playbook
- A protecting and preserving evidence playbook outlines the process of properly working with fragile and volatile digital evidence.
- It involves following the order of volatility, which prioritizes the preservation of volatile data that may be lost if a device powers off.
- The playbook ensures that digital evidence is properly preserved and managed to prevent compromise or alteration during an investigation.
Tools for Cybersecurity Professionals
- Programming languages, such as Python, are used to execute automation and reduce human error.
- Structured Query Language (SQL) is used to create, interact with, and request information from a database.
- Operating systems, such as Linux, macOS, and Windows, are the interface between computer hardware and the user.
- Linux is an open-source operating system that involves the use of a command line.
Web Vulnerability and Antivirus Software
- A web vulnerability is a unique flaw in a web application that can be exploited by a threat actor.
- Antivirus software, also known as anti-malware, is used to prevent, detect, and eliminate malware and viruses.
- It scans the memory of a device to find patterns that indicate the presence of malware.
Intrusion Detection System and Encryption
- An intrusion detection system (IDS) is an application that monitors system activity and alerts on possible intrusions.
- It scans network packets to identify potential threats to sensitive data.
- Encryption makes data unreadable and difficult to decode for an unauthorized user, ensuring the confidentiality of private data.
- Cryptographic encoding converts plaintext into secure ciphertext.
Penetration Testing and Cybersecurity Portfolio
- Penetration testing, also known as pen testing, is a simulated attack that helps identify vulnerabilities in systems, networks, websites, applications, and processes.
- A cybersecurity portfolio is a collection of documents and projects that demonstrate a professional's security skills and knowledge.
- It can be created using various tools, such as documents folders, Google Drive, Dropbox, Google Sites, or Git repositories.
- A portfolio can be used to showcase skills and knowledge to potential employers in the cybersecurity field.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Explore the importance of transferable and technical skills for cybersecurity analysts, including the knowledge of specific tools, procedures, and policies.
