Podcast
Questions and Answers
Within the context of cybersecurity, what does the CIA triad primarily aim to ensure?
Within the context of cybersecurity, what does the CIA triad primarily aim to ensure?
- Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability. (correct)
- Compliance, Integrity, Availability.
- Confidentiality, Identification, Anonymity.
- Control, Isolation, Authentication.
Which scenario exemplifies the use of multi-factor authentication?
Which scenario exemplifies the use of multi-factor authentication?
- Answering a security question to reset a forgotten password.
- Entering a password to access an email account.
- Using a fingerprint scan in conjunction with a PIN to access a banking app. (correct)
- Receiving an email confirmation after creating a new online account.
What is the primary function of the AAA framework in cybersecurity?
What is the primary function of the AAA framework in cybersecurity?
- Auditing, Archiving, and Analyzing network traffic.
- Application, Access, and Aggregation of security protocols.
- Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting of user actions. (correct)
- Assessment, Approval, and Avoidance of potential threats.
Which of the following best describes a 'threat vector' in the context of cybersecurity?
Which of the following best describes a 'threat vector' in the context of cybersecurity?
Which of the following actions would LEAST likely protect against ransomware attacks?
Which of the following actions would LEAST likely protect against ransomware attacks?
How does understanding 'threat vectors' assist a cybersecurity technician in protecting an organization's resources?
How does understanding 'threat vectors' assist a cybersecurity technician in protecting an organization's resources?
Which of the following scenarios represents the most effective application of the AAA framework?
Which of the following scenarios represents the most effective application of the AAA framework?
What would be the most effective approach in defending against ransomware attacks?
What would be the most effective approach in defending against ransomware attacks?
What is the primary security risk associated with botnets?
What is the primary security risk associated with botnets?
An employee receives an email claiming to be from the IT department, requesting immediate password verification through a provided link. What type of security threat does this scenario most likely represent?
An employee receives an email claiming to be from the IT department, requesting immediate password verification through a provided link. What type of security threat does this scenario most likely represent?
Which security goal is MOST directly compromised when a disgruntled employee intentionally modifies sensitive financial records within a company database?
Which security goal is MOST directly compromised when a disgruntled employee intentionally modifies sensitive financial records within a company database?
A hospital needs to ensure patient data is accessible to doctors during an emergency, even if their primary data center fails. Which of the following availability controls would be MOST effective?
A hospital needs to ensure patient data is accessible to doctors during an emergency, even if their primary data center fails. Which of the following availability controls would be MOST effective?
Which scenario most clearly illustrates a vulnerability within a cyber ecosystem?
Which scenario most clearly illustrates a vulnerability within a cyber ecosystem?
Which of the following scenarios BEST demonstrates the use of hashing to ensure data integrity?
Which of the following scenarios BEST demonstrates the use of hashing to ensure data integrity?
An organization's cybersecurity strategy should primarily aim to mitigate what?
An organization's cybersecurity strategy should primarily aim to mitigate what?
A company wants to enhance the confidentiality of its sensitive data both at rest and in transit. Which combination of security controls would BEST achieve this?
A company wants to enhance the confidentiality of its sensitive data both at rest and in transit. Which combination of security controls would BEST achieve this?
What is the difference between a cyber threat and a cyber vulnerability?
What is the difference between a cyber threat and a cyber vulnerability?
An online retailer experiences a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack, rendering its website inaccessible to customers. Which security principle has been MOST directly violated?
An online retailer experiences a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack, rendering its website inaccessible to customers. Which security principle has been MOST directly violated?
What is the PRIMARY purpose of implementing version control systems within a software development environment?
What is the PRIMARY purpose of implementing version control systems within a software development environment?
Why is cybersecurity crucial for enabling technological innovation?
Why is cybersecurity crucial for enabling technological innovation?
Which of the following scenarios represents the most significant impact of a successful cyberattack on national security?
Which of the following scenarios represents the most significant impact of a successful cyberattack on national security?
Which AAA component is PRIMARILY responsible for verifying a user's identity?
Which AAA component is PRIMARILY responsible for verifying a user's identity?
What is the main goal of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)?
What is the main goal of Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)?
In the context of cybersecurity, what does 'preserving reputation and trust' primarily involve?
In the context of cybersecurity, what does 'preserving reputation and trust' primarily involve?
What is the most appropriate action to take when a cybersecurity technician identifies a vulnerability in a system?
What is the most appropriate action to take when a cybersecurity technician identifies a vulnerability in a system?
What is the projected impact that cybercrime has on organizations, individuals, and governments?
What is the projected impact that cybercrime has on organizations, individuals, and governments?
Which of the following controls would be MOST effective in maintaining the integrity of sensitive data stored in a database?
Which of the following controls would be MOST effective in maintaining the integrity of sensitive data stored in a database?
An organization wants to ensure that its critical systems remain operational even during a power outage. Which availability control would be the MOST suitable?
An organization wants to ensure that its critical systems remain operational even during a power outage. Which availability control would be the MOST suitable?
A company suspects that a disgruntled employee has intentionally altered financial records in a database. Which control would be MOST effective in detecting and auditing these changes?
A company suspects that a disgruntled employee has intentionally altered financial records in a database. Which control would be MOST effective in detecting and auditing these changes?
Which scenario BEST illustrates a violation of the principle of confidentiality?
Which scenario BEST illustrates a violation of the principle of confidentiality?
Which scenario best illustrates how cybersecurity contributes to 'preserving reputation and trust' for an organization?
Which scenario best illustrates how cybersecurity contributes to 'preserving reputation and trust' for an organization?
How does cybersecurity primarily support 'enabling technological innovation' in modern society?
How does cybersecurity primarily support 'enabling technological innovation' in modern society?
Which of the following scenarios represents the MOST significant threat to data integrity?
Which of the following scenarios represents the MOST significant threat to data integrity?
A hospital needs to ensure that patient data is accessible to doctors at all times, even in the event of a system failure. Which availability control would be MOST effective?
A hospital needs to ensure that patient data is accessible to doctors at all times, even in the event of a system failure. Which availability control would be MOST effective?
What is the MOST direct impact of a successful cyberattack on a nation's critical infrastructure, such as its power grid?
What is the MOST direct impact of a successful cyberattack on a nation's critical infrastructure, such as its power grid?
Which of the following actions would BEST protect against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks?
Which of the following actions would BEST protect against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks?
Which scenario BEST demonstrates the difference between a cyber threat and a cyber vulnerability?
Which scenario BEST demonstrates the difference between a cyber threat and a cyber vulnerability?
How does implementing a robust AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) framework enhance cybersecurity?
How does implementing a robust AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) framework enhance cybersecurity?
An organization prioritizes protecting its sensitive customer data to avoid financial losses and maintain customer trust. Which security goals align with this objective?
An organization prioritizes protecting its sensitive customer data to avoid financial losses and maintain customer trust. Which security goals align with this objective?
Why is understanding the 'cyber ecosystem' important for a cybersecurity technician?
Why is understanding the 'cyber ecosystem' important for a cybersecurity technician?
What is the MOST effective way to mitigate a 'security risk'?
What is the MOST effective way to mitigate a 'security risk'?
A company wants to implement a cybersecurity strategy that not only protects data but also ensures they can trace any unauthorized activity back to a specific user. Which security principle is MOST relevant?
A company wants to implement a cybersecurity strategy that not only protects data but also ensures they can trace any unauthorized activity back to a specific user. Which security principle is MOST relevant?
An organization discovers a new vulnerability in their web server software. What is the MOST effective immediate action to mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability?
An organization discovers a new vulnerability in their web server software. What is the MOST effective immediate action to mitigate the risk associated with this vulnerability?
A cybersecurity technician is designing a system to protect sensitive data. Which approach BEST balances security with usability?
A cybersecurity technician is designing a system to protect sensitive data. Which approach BEST balances security with usability?
Which action would LEAST likely protect against ransomware attacks?
Which action would LEAST likely protect against ransomware attacks?
An organization observes a sudden increase in outbound network traffic to unusual IP addresses, coupled with multiple failed login attempts on various systems. What type of security threat does this most likely indicate?
An organization observes a sudden increase in outbound network traffic to unusual IP addresses, coupled with multiple failed login attempts on various systems. What type of security threat does this most likely indicate?
A cybersecurity technician discovers that several employees have fallen victim to a phishing campaign, resulting in compromised user credentials. What is the MOST effective immediate step to contain the incident?
A cybersecurity technician discovers that several employees have fallen victim to a phishing campaign, resulting in compromised user credentials. What is the MOST effective immediate step to contain the incident?
Flashcards
CIA Triad
CIA Triad
Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability. These are the core principles of information security.
AAA Framework
AAA Framework
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting. These are the five critical elements in AAA framework.
Multi-Factor Authentication
Multi-Factor Authentication
Using more than one method of authentication to verify a user's identity.
Threat Vector
Threat Vector
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Ransomware
Ransomware
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Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity
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Information Security Threat
Information Security Threat
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Vulnerability
Vulnerability
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Example of Multi-Factor Authentication
Example of Multi-Factor Authentication
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Botnet
Botnet
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Cybersecurity Definition
Cybersecurity Definition
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Cyberspace
Cyberspace
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Cyber Threat
Cyber Threat
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Cyber Vulnerability
Cyber Vulnerability
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Security Risk
Security Risk
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Protecting Sensitive Data
Protecting Sensitive Data
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National Security (Cyber)
National Security (Cyber)
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Preserving Reputation
Preserving Reputation
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Confidentiality
Confidentiality
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Integrity
Integrity
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Availability
Availability
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Confidentiality Failure
Confidentiality Failure
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Integrity Failure
Integrity Failure
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Availability Failure
Availability Failure
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Encryption
Encryption
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Availability Controls
Availability Controls
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Access controls
Access controls
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RBAC Definition
RBAC Definition
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Data Protection
Data Protection
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National Security
National Security
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Reputation Preservation
Reputation Preservation
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Social Engineering
Social Engineering
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Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
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Study Notes
- A threat is a potential occurrence that can damage and disrupt operations and activities.
- Threat actors use cyber threats to infiltrate and steal data, such as personal information, financial data, and login credentials.
Threat Sources
- Threats can originate from:
- Natural events like fires, floods, and power failures
- Unintentional actions by unskilled administrators, accidents, or untrained employees
- Intentional acts from both internal (disgruntled employees, service providers, contractors) and external sources (hackers, criminals, terrorists).
Threat Actors/Agents
- Black Hats: Extraordinary skills, engage in malicious/destructive activities.
- White Hats: Use hacking skills defensively, are also known as security analysts.
- Gray Hats: Work offensively and defensively.
- Suicide Hackers: Not worried of jail and aim to bring down critical infrastructure
- Script Kiddies: Lacking skills and use scripts/tools developed by others.
- Cyber Terrorists: Motivated by religious or political beliefs, aiming to cause fear through disruption.
- State-Sponsored Hackers: Government employed, to penetrate information systems.
- Hacktivists: Promote a political agenda by defacing or disabling websites.
- Hacker Teams: Skilled hackers jointly researching.
- Industrial Spies: Corporate espionage through competitor spying to steal information.
- Insiders: Trusted employees who may violate rules or cause harm with their access.
- Criminal Syndicates: Groups performing planned long term embezzling through sophisticated attacks
- Organized Hackers: Rented criminals to piffer money from victims
Attributes of Threat Actors
- Internal: Trusted insiders with authorized access
- External: Outsiders without authorized access.
- Highly sophisticated threat actors are more successful.
- Resources/funding: How attacks are support financially
- Intent/motivation: Actors can be connected to political or personal goals
Threat Vectors
- A threat vector is a medium through which an attacker gains system access
- Direct access, removable media, wireless connections, and email.
- Cloud services, ransomware/malware, supply chain, and business partners.
Malware Details
- Malware that damages or disables computer systems, giving limited or full control creating theft and aud
- Malware may track websites visited, degrade system performance, cause hardware failure, or steal data.
- The distribution includes instant messenger applications, downloading files, portable hardware, bugs in software, untrusted sites, and bluetooth.
Detailed Components of Malware
- Crypter to protect from reverse engineering.
- Downloader to get malware from the Internet.
- Dropper to install malware files covertly.
- Exploit to access info or install malware.
- Injector to inject code into other vulnerable running processes and changes how they execute to hide or prevent its removal
- Obfuscator to conceal code and purpose.
- Packer to bundle file for security bypass.
- Payload that controls a computer system.
- Malicious Code can steal data and create backdoors
Types of Malware
- Trojans, viruses, ransomware, computer worms, rootkits, PUAs, spyware, keyloggers and fileless malware.
Identifying Trojan activity
- Computer blinks, settings change, websites open without user input, antivirus turns off and popup appears
Default Passwords
- Change password when prompted
- Do not change password (unsecure) and leave as default (brute force attack)
System Sprawling
- Vulnerability rises within a organizational network an increases.
Operating System Flaws
- Attacks uses OS systems, trojans and spyware
- Results to data theft and manipulation
Network Security
- Security policies implemented to keep consistent for implementation, awareness and lack of information </existing_notes>
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