Cybersecurity Overview and PII Safety

Cybersecurity: Definition and Importance

• Cybersecurity is the protection of internet-connected systems from cyberattacks.
• Understanding cybersecurity is crucial because cybercrime impacts everyone.
• Cybercrime is projected to cost the world up to $6 trillion by 2021.
• Daily life relies heavily on internet-connected devices.
• Poor cybersecurity practices can lead to personal information theft.

Personally Identifiable Information (PII)

• PII is any data that identifies a specific person.
• Examples of PII include name, date of birth, social security number, driver's license, passwords, fingerprints, health insurance information, and credit card numbers.
• Data breaches expose PII and can be sold on the dark web leading to identity theft.
• Physical methods of PII theft include dumpster diving and shoulder surfing.

Web Browser Safety

• Web browsers are software tools used for accessing the internet.
• Common web browsers for safe browsing are Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome and Safari (macOS).
• Look for the “s” in the URL (https) to indicate a secure website.
• Use pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted pop-ups.
• Check for a padlock in the address bar to ensure secure mode.
• Enable automatic updates for security patches.
• Avoid using autofill and built-in password managers to prevent data theft.

Mobile Device Safety

• Mobile devices include smartphones, smart watches, laptops, tablets, e-readers and flash drives.
• Mobile devices are vulnerable to cyberattacks.
• Keep mobile device security software updated.
• Delete unused apps.
• Disable Wi-Fi or Bluetooth when not in use, especially in public places.
• Use strong passwords on mobile devices.
• Be mindful of the apps you install. Review app permissions and privacy policy.
• Log out of social media accounts when not actively using them.

How to Find My iPhone/iPad

• Use iCloud to locate a lost or stolen device.
• Use ‘Find My’ settings to track a lost or stolen iPhone/iPad.
• Activate device location service and allow sending of location when battery is low.
• Enabling offline location tracking allows locating even when device is offline.
• Lock device and display a custom message in Lost Mode to prevent unauthorized access.

How to Find My Android Device

• Use a web browser on another device to locate a lost or stolen Android device.
• Use ‘Find My Device’ on Google to locate the device.
• Can play sound on device, lock device or erase device.

Passwords

• Passwords are secret words or phrases to gain access to something or data.
• Strong passwords include a mix of characters.
• The more complex the password the harder it is for hackers to guess or crack it.
• Long passwords are more secure than short passwords.
• Passwords should be regularly changed every 12 months for improved security.
• Use password managers for better organization.
• Avoid using easily guessable passwords such as birthdays or names.

Password Creation: Strengths and Strategies

• Passwords should meet at least certain minimum length requirements.
• Passwords should contain various character types.
• Password length, complexity is important for a strong password that is difficult to guess.
• Biometrics such as fingerprints of facial recognition are also passwords.
• Base passwords should be considered and may be used in combination with other elements to create a complex password.

Two-factor Authentication (2FA)

• Two-factor authentication requires two forms of authentication to access an account.
• Something the user knows (password).
• Something the user has (token or device).
• Two-factor authentication is a security measure to protect access to an account.
• The recommended approach is using factors/types of authentication that are different from one another.

Malware

• Malware is any piece of software designed to damage or compromise a computer.
• Malicious software can make a computer slow, cause data loss, steal personal information, or block access to certain parts of a computer system.
• Examples include viruses, worms, adware, and spyware.

Internet Scams

• Scams are fraudulent activities to steal or cheat people, funds, or goods.
• Cyber scams involve use of technology for malicious purposes.
• Avoid scams by examining the signs and context for unusual requests.
• Look out for unusual offers or requests to disclose personal information, or to transfer funds.

Social Engineering

• Social engineering involves manipulation to trick people into revealing sensitive information.
• This can happen through phone calls, emails, or other online interactions.
• Common goals include theft of personal information, passwords, financial details, or other types of private data.

Phishing

• Phishing is a type of social engineering where criminals pretend to be a reliable or trusted source.
• Common email subject lines mention urgent action, update account information, or warnings of account compromise.

Online Safety Tips

• Be cautious of unsolicited communications or attachments.
• Use strong passwords.
• Update software regularly.
• Enable antivirus and firewall protection.
• Don't use public Wi-Fi networks for personal financial transactions.

Social Media Etiquette

• Social media etiquette is a set of guidelines to maintain a positive reputation, avoid unnecessary conflict, and respect other users' opinions and perspectives.
• Social media etiquette enhances constructive interaction on social media environments.

Governmental Resources

• The government provides resources and agencies to aid in instances of cybercrime or fraud.
• These resources can help in steps required to address scams, identity theft or other types of fraud.
• Helpful contact information and online resources may be useful in various instances.