Cybersecurity History Overview
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary consequence of the Morris Worm released in 1988?

  • It caused damages to over 6000 computers (correct)
  • It improved Internet security measures
  • It led to the arrest of several hackers
  • It crashed the MILNET

    • The Legion of Doom was proven to be responsible for the AT&T crash.

    False

    Who was the Cornell student credited with releasing the Morris Worm?

    Robert Morris

    The first teen to be incarcerated for hacking was named ______.

    <p>cOmrade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the hackers with their descriptions:

    <p>Kevin Mitnick = Perhaps the most famous hacker Terminus = Unix programmer &amp; AT&amp;T minicomputer expert Shadowhawk = Breaking and entering into U.S. Missile Command Kyrie = One of the few female hackers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What resulted from the investigation by the Secret Service regarding the AT&T crash?

    <p>Embarrassment due to overreaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    MILNET was compromised by a KGB-employed hacker through a secure network.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Morris Worm's release in 1988?

    <p>It resulted in the conviction of Robert Morris under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Legion of Doom was definitely responsible for the AT&T crash.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was MILNET discovered compromised?

    <p>1986</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Robert Morris was a student at ______ when he released the Morris Worm.

    <p>Cornell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hackers was known for breaking into U.S. Missile Command?

    <p>Shadowhawk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the hacker with their notable achievement:

    <p>Kevin Mitnick = Perhaps the most famous hacker cOmrade = First teen incarcerated for hacking Terminus = Unix programmer &amp; AT&amp;T minicomputer expert Kyrie = One of the few female hackers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major event did the AT&T crash demonstrate regarding the telephone system?

    <p>Vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary cause of the AT&T crash?

    <p>A software failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Robert Morris was convicted for releasing the Morris Worm in violation of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first female hacker mentioned?

    <p>Kyrie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The self-replicating program released by Robert Morris is known as the _____ Worm.

    <p>Morris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following early hackers with their notable actions:

    <p>Kevin Mitnick = Perhaps the most famous hacker cOmrade = First teen incarcerated for hacking Terminus = Unix programmer &amp; AT&amp;T minicomputer expert Shadowhawk = Breaking and entering into U.S. Missile Command</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one consequence of the Secret Service's investigation into the AT&T crash?

    <p>They embarrassed themselves through overreaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The KGB-employed hacker entered MILNET through a secure network.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods is NOT associated with phreaking?

    <p>Phishing emails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phreakers can only use equipment that has existed since the telecommunications systems were first created.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for stealing and selling access codes in phreaking?

    <p>call-sell operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phreaking involves the manipulation of telecommunications carriers for knowledge and/or ______ of applicable services.

    <p>theft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following phreaking methods with their descriptions:

    <p>Shoulder surfing = Observing someone entering access codes Blue boxes = Devices for making free calls Social engineering = Manipulation for gaining information Call-sell operations = Selling stolen access codes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method associated with phreaking?

    <p>Hacking into secure databases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Social engineering techniques, such as shoulder surfing, are commonly used in phreaking.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a blue box in the context of phreaking?

    <p>A device that deceives the switching system to allow free calls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The illegal selling of stolen access codes in phreaking is referred to as ______ operations.

    <p>call-sell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following phreaking methods with their descriptions:

    <p>Shoulder Surfing = Stealing codes while people are dialing Blue Boxes = Devices to manipulate switching systems Call-sell Operations = Theft and sale of stolen access codes Social Engineering = Psychological manipulation to gain confidential information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods involves manipulating codes while people are dialing?

    <p>Shoulder surfing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blue boxes are devices used to make calls for free by deceiving switching systems.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the practice of stealing and selling access codes in phreaking commonly referred to as?

    <p>call-sell operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phreaking involves manipulation of telecommunications carriers for knowledge and/or ______ of applicable services.

    <p>theft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following phreaking methods with their descriptions:

    <p>Shoulder surfing = Observing someone entering a code Blue boxing = Using devices to bypass charges Call-sell operations = Selling stolen access codes Social engineering = Manipulating people to gain information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    MILNET Security Breach

    • MILNET was compromised by a KGB-affiliated hacker using Tymnet as an independent data carrier.
    • Discovery of the breach occurred in 1986 by a programmer at UC Berkeley, highlighting significant security vulnerabilities.

    Morris Worm Incident

    • Released in 1988 by Robert Morris, a student from Cornell University.
    • The self-replicating worm infected over 6000 computers, leading to damages estimated in millions.
    • Morris was convicted under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act for this incident.

    AT&T Crash

    • A major telephone system crash attributed to software failure showcased the fragility of communication infrastructures.
    • The event was linked to the hacking group known as the Legion of Doom, whose actual extent of involvement remains ambiguous.
    • Investigation by the Secret Service uncovered participants’ bragging and the leaking of a crucial safety document.
    • Steve Jackson’s Games was wrongly considered a key player in the incidents, leading to overzealous federal law enforcement reactions that later embarrassed the agency.

    Notable Early Hackers

    • Kevin Mitnick emerged as one of the most infamous hackers of his time.
    • cOmrade holds the distinction of being the first teenager incarcerated for hacking-related offenses.
    • Terminus was recognized as an expert in Unix programming and AT&T minicomputers.
    • Shadowhawk was involved in breaking into U.S. Missile Command facilities.
    • Kyrie stands out as one of the few well-known female hackers in the early hacking community.

    MILNET Security Breach

    • MILNET was compromised by a KGB-affiliated hacker using Tymnet as an independent data carrier.
    • Discovery of the breach occurred in 1986 by a programmer at UC Berkeley, highlighting significant security vulnerabilities.

    Morris Worm Incident

    • Released in 1988 by Robert Morris, a student from Cornell University.
    • The self-replicating worm infected over 6000 computers, leading to damages estimated in millions.
    • Morris was convicted under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act for this incident.

    AT&T Crash

    • A major telephone system crash attributed to software failure showcased the fragility of communication infrastructures.
    • The event was linked to the hacking group known as the Legion of Doom, whose actual extent of involvement remains ambiguous.
    • Investigation by the Secret Service uncovered participants’ bragging and the leaking of a crucial safety document.
    • Steve Jackson’s Games was wrongly considered a key player in the incidents, leading to overzealous federal law enforcement reactions that later embarrassed the agency.

    Notable Early Hackers

    • Kevin Mitnick emerged as one of the most infamous hackers of his time.
    • cOmrade holds the distinction of being the first teenager incarcerated for hacking-related offenses.
    • Terminus was recognized as an expert in Unix programming and AT&T minicomputers.
    • Shadowhawk was involved in breaking into U.S. Missile Command facilities.
    • Kyrie stands out as one of the few well-known female hackers in the early hacking community.

    MILNET Security Breach

    • MILNET was compromised by a KGB-affiliated hacker using Tymnet as an independent data carrier.
    • Discovery of the breach occurred in 1986 by a programmer at UC Berkeley, highlighting significant security vulnerabilities.

    Morris Worm Incident

    • Released in 1988 by Robert Morris, a student from Cornell University.
    • The self-replicating worm infected over 6000 computers, leading to damages estimated in millions.
    • Morris was convicted under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act for this incident.

    AT&T Crash

    • A major telephone system crash attributed to software failure showcased the fragility of communication infrastructures.
    • The event was linked to the hacking group known as the Legion of Doom, whose actual extent of involvement remains ambiguous.
    • Investigation by the Secret Service uncovered participants’ bragging and the leaking of a crucial safety document.
    • Steve Jackson’s Games was wrongly considered a key player in the incidents, leading to overzealous federal law enforcement reactions that later embarrassed the agency.

    Notable Early Hackers

    • Kevin Mitnick emerged as one of the most infamous hackers of his time.
    • cOmrade holds the distinction of being the first teenager incarcerated for hacking-related offenses.
    • Terminus was recognized as an expert in Unix programming and AT&T minicomputers.
    • Shadowhawk was involved in breaking into U.S. Missile Command facilities.
    • Kyrie stands out as one of the few well-known female hackers in the early hacking community.

    Overview of Phreaking

    • Phreaking involves manipulating telecommunications systems to gather information or obtain services without payment.
    • It encompasses illegal activities such as unauthorized use of access codes, tones, PBXs (Private Branch Exchanges), or switches.

    Methods of Phreaking

    • Social Engineering Techniques:

      • Involves tactics like shoulder surfing to collect access codes while individuals are making calls.

    • Blue Boxes:

      • Devices that trick switching systems, allowing users to make free calls by manipulating the telephone network.

    • Evolving Strategies:

      • As technology advanced, older methods became less effective, prompting the development of new strategies.
      • One modern approach includes the theft and sale of stolen access codes through "call-sell" operations.

    Overview of Phreaking

    • Phreaking involves manipulating telecommunications systems to gather information or obtain services without payment.
    • It encompasses illegal activities such as unauthorized use of access codes, tones, PBXs (Private Branch Exchanges), or switches.

    Methods of Phreaking

    • Social Engineering Techniques:

      • Involves tactics like shoulder surfing to collect access codes while individuals are making calls.

    • Blue Boxes:

      • Devices that trick switching systems, allowing users to make free calls by manipulating the telephone network.

    • Evolving Strategies:

      • As technology advanced, older methods became less effective, prompting the development of new strategies.
      • One modern approach includes the theft and sale of stolen access codes through "call-sell" operations.

    Overview of Phreaking

    • Phreaking involves manipulating telecommunications systems to gather information or obtain services without payment.
    • It encompasses illegal activities such as unauthorized use of access codes, tones, PBXs (Private Branch Exchanges), or switches.

    Methods of Phreaking

    • Social Engineering Techniques:

      • Involves tactics like shoulder surfing to collect access codes while individuals are making calls.

    • Blue Boxes:

      • Devices that trick switching systems, allowing users to make free calls by manipulating the telephone network.

    • Evolving Strategies:

      • As technology advanced, older methods became less effective, prompting the development of new strategies.
      • One modern approach includes the theft and sale of stolen access codes through "call-sell" operations.

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    Description

    Explore significant events in cybersecurity history, including the KGB's breach of MILNET, the impact of the Morris Worm, and the AT&T crash caused by software failure. This quiz provides insights into the evolution of security in computing and the legislative responses that followed.

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