Cybersecurity Governance and Vulnerability
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Questions and Answers

What is the concept that refers to the ability of a system to withstand, recover, or adapt to climate-related hazards?

  • Climate scenario
  • Vulnerability
  • Maladaptation
  • Resilience (correct)

    • What is the focus of Environmental Justice?

  • Climate change mitigation
  • Fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens (correct)
  • Climate change adaptation
  • Sustainable development

    • What is the purpose of the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs)?

  • To model the impacts of climate change
  • To illustrate the consequences of different socio-economic development pathways (correct)
  • To predict future climate scenarios
  • To assess climate change mitigation strategies

    • What is the term for the process of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation?

    <p>REDD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for unsuccessful or counterproductive adaptation to climate change?

    <p>Maladaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of Governance in the context of climate change?

    <p>International agreements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability of a system to absorb and recover from disturbances?

    <p>Resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the state of being susceptible to climate-related hazards?

    <p>Vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions?

    <p>Mitigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of the Kyoto Protocol?

    <p>To reduce greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the time in which humans have impacted the Earth systems?

    <p>Anthropocene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the graph that shows the record of atmospheric CO2 from the Mauna Loa Observatory?

    <p>The Keeling Curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the total human presence throughout the Earth system?

    <p>Anthroposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of exchanging goods and resources between the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa?

    <p>Columbian Exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the capacity of a system to withstand or recover from disturbances?

    <p>Resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of adapting to climate change in a way that is counterproductive or increases vulnerability?

    <p>Maladaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the situation where a system is pushed beyond its tipping point, leading to sudden and irreversible changes?

    <p>Tipping Elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the concept of staying within the limits of the Earth's natural resources and avoiding dangerous environmental change?

    <p>Planetary Boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the concept of exposure in the context of vulnerability?

    <p>The locations that are vulnerable to hazards and negative effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between resilience and sensitivity in the context of vulnerability?

    <p>Resilience focuses on the ability to withstand hazards, while sensitivity focuses on the social-ecological systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of adaptation in the context of vulnerability?

    <p>To reduce vulnerability by minimizing exposure and/or enhancing resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of maladaptation?

    <p>Converting natural habitats to agricultural land to increase food production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the Descriptive Integrative Multi-scalar Normative approach in the context of vulnerability?

    <p>To document existing vulnerabilities and relate them to places defined at various scales</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the concept of vulnerability in the context of socio-ecological systems?

    <p>The exposure of social-ecological systems to hazards and negative effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between resilience and vulnerability?

    <p>Resilience is the opposite of vulnerability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of studying vulnerability in the context of socio-ecological systems?

    <p>To reduce vulnerability and enhance resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Environmental Justice

    • Environmental justice is about fair distribution of environmental benefits and burdens
    • It involves recognition of environmental injustices and promotes participatory justice
    • There are four types of justice: redistribution, recognition, capabilities, and participation

    Climate Scenarios

    • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) assesses future climate change impacts using five illustrative scenarios called Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP)
    • SSP1-1.9, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5 are the scenarios modelled for severity of impacts
    • Global warming is limited to 1.5°C, 2°C, 3°C, or 4°C in these scenarios

    Climate Commitments

    • Australia has a process in reducing climate change, which involves setting emission reduction targets
    • The Kyoto Protocol and REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) are initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

    Vulnerability

    • Vulnerability refers to the capacity of a system to anticipate, cope with, and recover from the impacts of climate change
    • Exposure, sensitivity, and resilience are key components of vulnerability
    • Adaptation and maladaptation are responses to reduce vulnerability

    The Biosphere

    • The biosphere interacts with Earth systems, for example, through photosynthesis and global carbon dynamics
    • The Keeling Curve shows the record of atmospheric CO2 concentration at Mauna Loa Observatory since 1958

    The Anthroposphere

    • The anthroposphere refers to the total human presence throughout the Earth system
    • The Anthropocene is a time in which humans have significantly impacted the Earth's systems
    • The Columbian Exchange was a trading system between the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa

    Tipping Elements in the Earth Systems

    • Tipping elements are components of the Earth system that can undergo abrupt and irreversible change
    • Examples of tipping elements include the melting of Arctic sea ice and thedie-off of coral reefs

    Population

    • The population debate revolves around the question of whether the world has too many people to stay within planetary boundaries
    • Key points of disagreements in the population debates include the role of consumption and technology in driving environmental degradation

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts related to cybersecurity governance and vulnerability, including critiques and environmental factors.

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