Cybersecurity Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which element of cybersecurity focuses on managing and safeguarding an organization's digital resources through defined procedures and policies?

Information security
Operations security (correct)
Application security
Network security

What is the primary goal of a Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack?

Encrypting a victim's files and demanding a ransom for decryption
Gaining unauthorized access to a database to manipulate data
Disrupting the normal functioning of a server, network, or website (correct)
Stealing sensitive information by intercepting communication

Why is updating software and operating systems regularly considered a cybersecurity best practice?

To increase system performance and speed
To improve the user interface and add new features
To ensure compatibility with the latest hardware
To patch security vulnerabilities and reduce the risk of exploitation (correct)

What does the term 'phishing' refer to in the context of cybersecurity?

Fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which cybersecurity element involves restoring critical business processes and data after a disaster or cyberattack?

Disaster recovery and business continuity planning (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is user awareness training an essential element of cybersecurity?

It educates users to recognize and avoid cyber threats. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cybersecurity, what is a 'zero-day exploit'?

Exploitation of unknown software or hardware vulnerabilities (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is LEAST likely to protect against cyber threats?

Using the same simple password for all online accounts (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary risk associated with 'Man-in-the-Middle' attacks?

Unauthorized access to sensitive data during transmission (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of performing regular data backups as a cybersecurity measure?

To ensure data recovery in case of data loss or corruption (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cyber threat involves encrypting a victim's files and demanding payment to restore access?

Ransomware (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a 'spear-phishing' attack?

It is a highly targeted attack aimed at specific individuals or organizations. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of 'SQL injection' attacks?

To gain unauthorized access to sensitive data in a database. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do supply chain attacks compromise organizations?

By exploiting vulnerabilities in third-party suppliers. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common security measure against brute-force attacks?

Account lockout policies (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is international cooperation important in combating cybercrime?

Cybercriminals often operate across national borders (D) Signup and view all the answers

In cybersecurity, what does 'least privilege' refer to?

Granting the minimum necessary access rights to users (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of two-factor authentication?

Entering a password and a code sent to your mobile device (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can Artificial Intelligence (AI) be used in cybersecurity?

For detecting threats and developing more advanced attacks (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of cloud security?

Protecting data and applications stored in the cloud. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cybersecurity

Protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks.

Cyberattack Goals

Gaining unauthorized access, altering, damaging, or extorting money from users.