Cybersecurity Fundamentals

Study Notes

Cybersecurity Overview

Cybersecurity is also known as electronic information security or information technology security.
It encompasses practices, technologies, and processes designed to protect computer systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, attacks, damage, or theft.

Types of Cyber Security

Network Security: safeguards the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of a network, involving measures like firewalls, IDS, IPS, and VPNs.
Application Security: focuses on ensuring software and applications are free from vulnerabilities and resistant to attacks, involving code reviews, penetration testing, and secure coding practices.
Information or Data Security: aims to protect data from unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, and destruction, involving encryption, access controls, and data classification.
Endpoint Security: involves securing individual devices (endpoints) like computers, smartphones, and tablets, using antivirus software, anti-malware tools, and host-based intrusion detection systems.
IoT Security: includes measures to protect smart devices, sensors, and networks that enable communication between them.
Mobile Security: involves securing organizational and personal data stored on mobile devices against various malicious threats, including unauthorized access, device loss or theft, malware, etc.
Cloud Security: involves securing data, applications, and services hosted on cloud platforms, using measures like IAM, encryption, and security assessments of cloud providers.
Identity and Access Management (IAM): involves managing and controlling user access to systems and resources, ensuring only authorized individuals or entities can access sensitive data or perform specific actions.

Need of Cyber Security

Cybersecurity is essential to safeguard sensitive information, including personal data, financial records, intellectual property, and confidential government data.
Cybersecurity measures help prevent unauthorized access, ensuring data breaches are less likely to occur.
Cybersecurity helps build and maintain trust among individuals, organizations, and governments.
Cybersecurity plays a crucial role in preventing various forms of cybercrime, including hacking, phishing, and ransomware attacks.
Cybersecurity is essential for national security and complying with laws and regulations.
Cybersecurity ensures business continuity by preventing or mitigating the impact of cyber incidents.
Cybersecurity helps manage and mitigate the risks associated with global connectivity.

CIA Triad

Cybersecurity's main objective is to ensure data protection, which is achieved through the CIA triad.
The CIA triad consists of three related principles: confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Ensuring confidentiality involves encryption, contributing to data integrity and availability.

Description

Cybersecurity is a vital field that protects computer systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, attacks, and theft. Learn about its various types, including network, application, and data security.