Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the acronym 'VPN' stand for?
What does the acronym 'VPN' stand for?
What is the primary goal of a penetration test?
What is the primary goal of a penetration test?
Which of the following protocols is used to secure websites over the internet?
Which of the following protocols is used to secure websites over the internet?
What does 'ransomware' do?
What does 'ransomware' do?
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What is the function of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS)?
What is the function of an Intrusion Detection System (IDS)?
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What does the term 'vulnerability management' refer to?
What does the term 'vulnerability management' refer to?
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Which type of attack involves overwhelming a network with traffic to disrupt its normal operation?
Which type of attack involves overwhelming a network with traffic to disrupt its normal operation?
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What does 'two-factor authentication' (2FA) provide?
What does 'two-factor authentication' (2FA) provide?
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What was the primary target of the Stuxnet attack in 2010?
What was the primary target of the Stuxnet attack in 2010?
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Which cybersecurity threat was prominent during the 2016 U.S. election?
Which cybersecurity threat was prominent during the 2016 U.S. election?
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What does multi-factor authentication (MFA) enhance in terms of cybersecurity?
What does multi-factor authentication (MFA) enhance in terms of cybersecurity?
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What was the significant consequence of the 2014 Target breach?
What was the significant consequence of the 2014 Target breach?
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Which characteristic defines Zero Trust security?
Which characteristic defines Zero Trust security?
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What is the primary function of blockchain technology?
What is the primary function of blockchain technology?
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How does quantum computing impact current cybersecurity measures?
How does quantum computing impact current cybersecurity measures?
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What does ethical hacking primarily involve?
What does ethical hacking primarily involve?
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What is the primary purpose of phishing in cybersecurity?
What is the primary purpose of phishing in cybersecurity?
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Which type of malware allows unauthorized access to a system without detection?
Which type of malware allows unauthorized access to a system without detection?
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What does social engineering typically involve?
What does social engineering typically involve?
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Which of these is an example of a best practice for password management?
Which of these is an example of a best practice for password management?
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What does a DDoS attack aim to achieve?
What does a DDoS attack aim to achieve?
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In cybersecurity, what does an encryption key do?
In cybersecurity, what does an encryption key do?
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Which term describes a network of controlled infected computers?
Which term describes a network of controlled infected computers?
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What does 'patch management' involve?
What does 'patch management' involve?
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What is an example of a cybersecurity policy?
What is an example of a cybersecurity policy?
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What does 'cyber hygiene' refer to?
What does 'cyber hygiene' refer to?
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What does a security audit assess?
What does a security audit assess?
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What is the role of a SIEM system?
What is the role of a SIEM system?
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What is 'public key infrastructure' (PKI)?
What is 'public key infrastructure' (PKI)?
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What is 'cryptojacking'?
What is 'cryptojacking'?
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Study Notes
Cybersecurity Concepts and Attacks
- VPN: Virtual Private Network
- Firewall: Monitors and controls network traffic based on security rules.
- Phishing: Social engineering attack to acquire sensitive information.
- Ransomware: Malicious software encrypting files for ransom.
- Zero-day vulnerability: Unknown software vulnerability, no patch available.
- HTTPS: Secure protocol for website communication.
- Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Adds security with two forms of identification.
- Malware: Malicious software designed to harm or compromise systems/data.
- Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack: Overwhelms a network with traffic.
- CIA (in cybersecurity): Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability.
- Social Engineering attacks (examples): Phishing.
- Penetration Test (purpose): Identifying system/network vulnerabilities before exploitation.
- Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack: Attacker intercepts and alters communication.
- Intrusion Detection System (IDS): Monitors network traffic for malicious activity.
- TLS (Transport Layer Security): Encryption algorithm for data in transit.
- Data Sanitization: Securely erasing data from storage.
- Vulnerability Management: Identifying, assessing, and mitigating vulnerabilities.
- Brute-force attack: Systematic attempts of every possible password.
- Worm: Malware designed to spread across multiple computers without user action.
- SQL Injection: Allows attackers to execute malicious SQL statements.
- Impersonation: Obtaining sensitive information by pretending to be someone else.
- Cross-site scripting (XSS): Injection of malicious scripts into webpages.
- Cryptojacking: Unauthorized use of resources for cryptocurrency mining.
- Cybersecurity Breach Indicator: Unauthorized access to systems or data.
- Public Key Infrastructure (PKI): Framework for managing digital keys and certificates.
- Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) system: Collects, analyzes, and responds to security data.
- Security Best Practice (Passwords): Use complex, unique passwords for each account.
- Encryption Key: Encodes and decodes data for confidentiality.
- Patch Management: Regularly updating software/hardware for security.
- Backdoor: Bypasses normal authentication/encryption for malicious access.
- Sandbox: Isolates suspicious files/programs for testing.
- Data Encryption at Rest: Encrypting stored data.
- Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack: A DoS attack from multiple sources.
- Social Engineering: Manipulating people for security compromise.
- Least Privilege: Granting users only necessary permissions.
- Security Policy (example): Password policy.
- SSL (Secure Socket Layer): Encrypts data between a web server and browser.
- Keylogger: Malware recording keystrokes to steal information.
- Bring Your Own Device (BYOD): Security considerations for employee-owned devices.
- Rootkit: Malware gaining & hiding root-level access.
- Social Media Monitoring: Detecting threats by observing social media.
- Security Control (example): Encryption.
- Security Audit: Review of security policies, systems, and infrastructure.
- Honeypot: Decives attackers with a fake system to study methods.
- Cyber Hygiene: Maintaining good security habits.
- Computer Virus: Infecting maliciouls software.
Historical Cybersecurity Events and Concepts
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Early Computer Viruses: Brain virus (1986), Morris Worm (1988), ILOVEYOU (2000)
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Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs): Coined by U.S. DoD
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Important Breaches: OPM (2013), WannaCry (2017), Stuxnet (2010), Target breach (2014), GDPR implementation (May 2018), DNC email leak (2016)
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Equifax Breach: Exposed personal data of 147 million individuals (2017)
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Blockchain Technology: Decentralized ledger for secure transactions & data.
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Quantum Computing and Cybersecurity: Potential to break current encryption.
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Zero Trust Security Model: No entity trusted by default, verification required for access.
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SolarWinds Hack: A 2020 supply chain attack.
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Ethical Hacking: Authorized system testing to find vulnerabilities.
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Data Exfiltration: Unauthorized data transfer.
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Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): More authentication factors.
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Cloud Security: Protecting data/applications in cloud environments.
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5G and Cybersecurity: Increased attack surface.
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Cyber Threat Intelligence: Collecting and analyzing information to predict attacks.
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Heartbleed bug: 2014 OpenSSL vulnerability exposing sensitive data.
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AI and Cybersecurity: Using AI to detect and respond to threats in real time.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key cybersecurity concepts and the various types of attacks that can compromise systems. This quiz covers critical topics such as VPNs, firewalls, ransomware, phishing, and more. Perfect for anyone looking to strengthen their understanding of digital security.
