Cybersecurity Basics Quiz

Acronyms and Definitions

• VPN stands for Virtual Private Network

Password Security

• Strong passwords include unique characters and a mix of upper and lower case letters, numbers, and symbols (e.g., P@ssw0rd!2025) Avoid simple passwords like "password123" or "123456" and common words or names.

Firewall Function

• Firewalls primarily block unauthorized access to a network.

Denial-of-Service Attacks

• Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks overwhelm a system with traffic, making it unavailable.

Social Engineering

• Phishing emails are a common social engineering tactic to steal sensitive information.

HTTPS Protocol

• HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is a secure version of HTTP for transferring data over the internet.

Malware Types

• Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts files and demands payment for decryption.

Authentication Methods

• Two-factor authentication (2FA) adds a layer of security by requiring two forms of verification besides username and password.

Phishing Definition

• Phishing is an attempt to steal sensitive information, often through deceptive emails or websites.

Ransomware Goals

• Ransomware's primary goal is to encrypt files and extort payment for their release.

Brute-Force Attacks

• Brute-force attacks involve systematically trying various password combinations to gain unauthorized access.

Digital Certificates

• Digital certificates verify the identity of websites or users, ensuring secure communication.

Zero-Day Vulnerabilities

• Zero-day vulnerabilities are exploits that affect software before the vendor knows about them, thus needing urgent fixes.

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)

• Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) detect potential security breaches and alert the system administrators.

Honeypots

• Honeypots are designed to attract and trap attackers, preventing them from targeting more important systems.

Antivirus Software

• Antivirus software is designed to detect, remove, and prevent harmful malware from computers.

Unauthorized Access

• Hacking is unauthorized access to a computer system.

Encryption Purpose

• Encryption renders data unreadable to unauthorized users.

Botnets

• Botnets are networks of infected computers under attacker control, used for malicious activities.

Penetration Testing

• Penetration testing evaluates the security of a system by simulating real-world attacks.

Trojan Horses

• Trojan horses are malicious software disguised as legitimate software.

Security Patches

• Security patches fix software vulnerabilities preventing exploits resulting in system compromises.

Man-in-the-Middle Attacks

• Man-in-the-Middle attacks occur when a malicious entity intercepts communication between two parties.

VPN Purpose

• VPNs encrypt internet traffic, protecting user privacy and security.

Spyware

• Spyware is software covertly collecting user information.

CAPTCHAs

• CAPTCHAs (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) are used to verify human users.

SQL Injection

• SQL injection exploits database vulnerabilities.

Security Audits

• Security audits evaluate the effectiveness of security measures.

Phishing Sites

• Phishing sites are fake websites designed to trick users into revealing sensitive data.

Data Backups

• Backups create copies of data for recovery in case of data loss.

Test your knowledge on essential cybersecurity concepts such as VPNs, password security, and firewalls. This quiz covers various topics including malware types and social engineering tactics. Assess your understanding of crucial security measures and protocols.