Cyber Security Fundamentals

Types of Cyber Threats

• Malware: malicious software designed to harm or exploit a computer system
  • Viruses, worms, trojans, spyware, adware, ransomware
• Phishing: fraudulent emails, texts, or messages to trick users into revealing sensitive information
• Ransomware: malware that encrypts data and demands payment to restore access
• Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks: overwhelming a system with traffic to make it unavailable

Cyber Security Measures

• Firewalls: network security systems that monitor and control incoming and outgoing traffic
• Encryption: converting data into a code to protect it from unauthorized access
• Access Control: restricting access to systems and data based on user identity and privileges
• Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS): monitoring and blocking suspicious traffic
• Password Management: secure storage and generation of passwords

Cyber Security Best Practices

• Keep software and systems up to date: regular patching and updates to prevent exploitation of known vulnerabilities
• Use strong and unique passwords: avoid using the same password across multiple accounts
• Be cautious with emails and attachments: avoid opening suspicious emails and attachments
• Use two-factor authentication: adding an extra layer of verification to the login process
• Back up data regularly: protecting against data loss in case of a cyber attack

Cyber Security Careers

• Security Analyst: identifying and mitigating security threats
• Penetration Tester: simulating cyber attacks to test an organization's defenses
• Incident Responder: responding to and containing cyber security incidents
• Chief Information Security Officer (CISO): overseeing an organization's overall cyber security strategy
• Cyber Security Consultant: providing expert advice on cyber security best practices and implementation