Cyber Security and Information Assurance
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of risk reduction?

  • To accept the risk and take no further action
  • To lessen the probability, negative consequences, or both, associated with risk (correct)
  • To completely eliminate the risk
  • To transfer the risk to another party
  • What is meant by 'treat' or 'mitigate' in the context of risk management?

  • To monitor the risk without taking any further action
  • To transfer the risk to another party
  • To accept the risk and take no further action
  • To take one or more actions to reduce the impact or likelihood of a risk (correct)
  • What is risk transfer an example of?

  • Risk acceptance
  • Risk reduction
  • Risk monitoring
  • Risk treatment involving the agreed distribution of risk with other parties (correct)
  • What is the primary consideration when deciding to accept a risk?

    <p>The practicality and sensibility of taking further action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of having contingency measures in place?

    <p>It mitigates the effect if the risk does occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an effective way to ensure that procedures are followed?

    <p>Creating desk cards or prompts for users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a risk transfer mechanism?

    <p>Taking out an insurance policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential limitation of risk transfer?

    <p>It may not mitigate reputational damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to manage information held in staff members' heads?

    <p>To prevent the loss of critical information in case of staff unavailability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has led to increased focus on risk management in companies?

    <p>High-profile commercial criminal investigations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of senior management in risk acceptance?

    <p>To accept that it is not practical or sensible to take any further action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for risk management in an organization?

    <p>The board of directors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of implementing effective IA?

    <p>To support the organization's continued operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to detail procedures for managing physical assets?

    <p>To prevent the inadvertent inclusion of confidential files</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between IA and corporate governance?

    <p>IA supports the principles of corporate governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to manage information held in staff members' heads?

    <p>To ensure business continuity in case of staff unavailability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increased complexity of the information assurance manager's role?

    <p>The significant increase in threats and vulnerabilities arising from the internet and the World Wide Web</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the risks and vulnerabilities arising primarily from the use of the internet?

    <p>Cyber security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of criminals and others in the context of cyber-attacks?

    <p>To steal information and sell it on or use it for other purposes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the use of gained information to extract financial gain from innocent victims?

    <p>Fraud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the term 'information assurance' still used in this book?

    <p>To refer to general principles of information security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the legislation introduced by governments to address information assurance?

    <p>Addressing the increasing problems of information assurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the seemingly meteoric rise in cyber-attacks?

    <p>Cyber warfare and the need for cyber security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying theme of the book's discussion on information assurance?

    <p>The rise of cyber-attacks and the need for information security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of increased information availability on the service industry?

    <p>It has liberated the industry, similar to the introduction of the steam engine or electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major concern for global organisations when sending sensitive information across borders?

    <p>Proving the authorised person sent the correct document at the appropriate time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk associated with conducting trade over the internet?

    <p>Denial-of-service attacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge for organisations operating in multiple countries?

    <p>Understanding differing local legislation restrictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of a virus infection or ransomware attack on an organisation's reputation?

    <p>Negative impact on reputation and financial status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge for organisations when dealing with people they know little about?

    <p>Establishing an appropriate level of trust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the information assurance manager in a global organisation?

    <p>To ensure the satisfaction of management and litigants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key concern for global organisations when sending sensitive information electronically?

    <p>Ensuring the information is sent with proof of receipt, integrity, and authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of information assurance?

    <p>Managing risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of a valid threat?

    <p>It has already happened to someone else</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between threats and opportunities?

    <p>What is a threat to one person may be an opportunity to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of understanding threats and vulnerabilities?

    <p>Reducing the likelihood of a threat being carried out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the potential consequences of a threat being carried out?

    <p>Impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of information risk management?

    <p>Managing risk to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a threat to information systems?

    <p>An unauthorised person discovering your username and password</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the areas of risk that must be addressed in an information system's environment?

    <p>Confidentiality, integrity, and availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Information Assurance and Cyber Security

    • The complexity of threats to companies, public bodies, and organizations has increased, making information assurance management a crucial field.
    • The term "cyber security" has emerged due to the significant increase in threats arising from the internet and the World Wide Web.

    Cyber Warfare and Cyber Security

    • Cyber-attacks involve misappropriating information, encrypting it, and demanding money to release it, or using it for fraudulent purposes.
    • Criminals and others seek to steal information and sell it or use it for illicit gain.

    Risk Reduction and Management

    • Risk reduction involves taking actions to lessen the probability, negative consequences, or both, associated with a risk.
    • Risk transfer involves distributing risk to other parties, such as taking out insurance or writing contracts to mitigate financial impact.
    • Risk acceptance involves accepting a risk and monitoring it, rather than taking further action.

    Information Security Principles

    • Information security is crucial in today's digital age, where organizations operate across multiple countries and have sensitive information to protect.
    • Ensuring the secure transfer of information between countries and managing differing legislations is a significant challenge.

    Relationship with Corporate Governance

    • The advent of high-profile commercial criminal investigations has led to more stringent legislation regarding risk taking in companies.
    • Risk management has become a top priority in many boardrooms, and it is no longer acceptable to delegate responsibility to the IT manager.

    Information Risk Management

    • Information assurance is primarily about managing risk, which involves understanding threats, vulnerabilities, and impact.
    • Threats are realistic possibilities that may cause undesirable consequences, and vulnerabilities are weaknesses that can be exploited.
    • Combining threats with likelihood or probability creates risk.

    Threats and Threat Landscape

    • Threats can be realistic or opportunistic, and may have already occurred to someone else.
    • Threats must be valid and may have records of incidents to support their validity.
    • Threats can be perceived differently by different individuals, and what may be a threat to one person may be an opportunity to another.

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    Description

    Explore the role of information assurance managers and the growth of cyber security, including the increasing complexity of threats and the need for expertise in this field.

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