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What is the full name of the "Ethernet" technology we see today?

Ethernet

Which of these is NOT a benefit of Ethernet?

  • High complexity (correct)
  • Widely used
  • Simple architecture
  • Low cost

The original Ethernet system had a transmission rate of 2.94 Mbps.

True (A)

Which of these companies was NOT involved in the development of the 10 Mbps Ethernet standard in 1980?

<p>IBM (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the abbreviation "DIX" stand for in the context of Ethernet?

<p>DEC, Intel, and Xerox</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the first 10 Mbps Ethernet standard?

<p>10Base5</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year did Xerox abandon the trademark for the Ethernet technology?

<p>1982</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a common classification of Ethernet?

<p>Operating system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical transmission speeds for Ethernet in Mbps?

<p>1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which modulation technique transmits signals directly without modulation?

<p>Baseband (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transmission medium is used for 100BaseTx Ethernet?

<p>Twisted pair cable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a common type of transmission medium used for Ethernet?

<p>Microwave cable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the standard convention for naming different Ethernet variations?

<p>The convention is to use a three-part naming scheme, specifying the transmission speed, modulation method, and transmission medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance achievable with 100BaseT Ethernet over category 5 twisted pair cable?

<p>100 meters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of cable is often used for 10BaseF Ethernet?

<p>Multi-mode fiber optic cable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ethernet is a very old technology that is being replaced by newer technologies.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Ethernet type is defined by the standard "IEEE 802.3z"?

<p>1000BaseT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Gigabit Ethernet standard (1000BaseT) introduced a faster transmission speed of 1 Gbps using the same category 5 cable as 100BaseTX.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The newest Ethernet speeds achieve a transmission rate of 100 Gbps.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common and straightforward network topology used for Ethernet?

<p>Star topology</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common network element can be used to connect multiple devices to an Ethernet network?

<p>Switch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of connector used with Ethernet cables?

<p>RJ-45 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of an RJ-45 connector on an Ethernet cable?

<p>To provide a physical connection between the cable and a network device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A RJ-45 connector uses 8 metal pins to establish the connection.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical color scheme of a cable used for Ethernet networking?

<p>White, blue, orange, green, brown (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a common component needed for Ethernet networking?

<p>Modem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A network card (NIC) is commonly used to connect a device to an Ethernet network.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common purpose of a hub in an Ethernet network?

<p>To amplify signals for longer distances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which network device offers more intelligent data routing compared to a hub?

<p>Switch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A switch is a key component in a star topology network.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a switch in a computer network?

<p>To manage data flow between connected devices, intelligently routing traffic to the correct destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A switch can be used to increase the number of devices that can be connected to a network.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When creating an Ethernet connection between two computers directly, which type of cable is typically used?

<p>Crossover cable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A straight-through cable is used to connect two computers directly.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When direct-connecting two computers with an Ethernet cable, the cable ends should be terminated using different wiring schemes.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Modern network switches automatically detect the connection type (straight-through or crossover) and adjust accordingly.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a network port that can automatically detect the connection type and adjust accordingly?

<p>Auto MDI-X (Automatic Medium-Dependent Interface Crossover)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A crossover cable is still required when connecting a network device to a switch or hub.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A daisy chain connection uses what type of cable?

<p>Straight-through cable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a benefit of using a switch for network connections?

<p>Lower cost compared to hubs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a wireless network, network devices communicate directly with each other without a central hub.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of network uses radio waves for communication?

<p>Wireless (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a wireless router?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of wireless network used today?

<p>WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of WMAN networks?

<p>3G, 4G, and 5G networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of wireless network might be used for connecting a smartphone to a headset?

<p>WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What IEEE standard is commonly used for WLAN networks?

<p>IEEE 802.11</p> Signup and view all the answers

What wireless communication technology uses 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands?

<p>WiFi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a benefit of using Wi-Fi 6E?

<p>Lower cost compared to Wi-Fi 6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term often used as a certification for Wi-Fi products?

<p>Wi-Fi Alliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wi-Fi 7 offers faster speeds and supports multi-user MIMO for improved network performance.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bluetooth technology is used for which type of wireless network?

<p>WPAN (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bluetooth 5 offers increased speed and extended range compared to previous versions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of LoRa technology?

<p>To enable long-range, low-power wireless communication for IoT applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which wireless technology is frequently used for industrial automation and smart home applications?

<p>ZigBee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

ZigBee supports a wider range and faster data rates than Bluetooth.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a wireless network type?

<p>WAN (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ethernet

The most common network architecture, known for its simplicity and affordability.

Ethernet Evolution

Ethernet's development from initial 2.94Mbps to modern standards like 10Gbps and beyond.

DIX Ethernet

Early Ethernet standard developed by Digital, Intel, and Xerox (DEC-Intel-Xerox), enabling compatibility across various computer systems at 10Mbps.

Ethernet Types

Categorization of Ethernet based on transmission speed, modulation methods, and transmission media.

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100BaseT

An Ethernet type that uses 100Mbps, Baseband modulation, and Twisted Pair cabling, with a maximum distance of 100 meters.

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Baseband

A modulation method where the signal is transmitted directly without modulation to high frequencies.

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Broadband

A modulation method that carries multiple signals simultaneously by dividing the bandwidth into channels, each operating at a specific frequency.

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Twisted Pair

A type of cabling used in Ethernet that uses twisted wires to reduce interference and crosstalk.

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RJ-45 Connector

An 8-pin connector used to connect Ethernet cables to devices.

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Network Card

A device that enables a computer to communicate over a network.

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Hub

A device that connects multiple devices on a network and broadcasts all data to all devices.

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Switch

A device that connects multiple devices on a network and directs data only to the intended recipient.

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Cable Tester

Device used to test the integrity of network cables.

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568B

Common standard for RJ-45 wiring.

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568A

Alternative wiring standard for RJ-45.

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Crossover Cable

Connects two devices directly; requires different wiring standards on each end.

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Straight Cable

Connects devices using the same wiring standard on both ends.

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Auto MDI-X

Automatic feature that determines the correct wiring standard for a connection.

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WLAN

Wireless Local Area Network (campus, home); uses wireless signals and frequency bands.

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Wi-Fi

Popular certification scheme for wireless devices.

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SSID

A unique identifier for a wireless network.

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Access Point (AP)

Central hub for wireless devices in an infrastructure network.

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Ad Hoc Network

Peer-to-peer wireless network without a central access point.

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Infrastructure Network

Wireless network with an access point (AP) as a central hub.

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Study Notes

Chapter 5 Regional Network Setup

  • Network Fundamentals and Practices

Outline

  • Ethernet network history
  • Ethernet network types
  • Ethernet network setup
  • Introduction to wireless local area networks (WLANs)
  • WLAN classifications
  • WLAN setup

Ethernet Introduction

  • A common network architecture
  • Simple design, low cost

Ethernet History

  • Developed by Xerox Palo Alto Research Center and Robert Metcalfe and Davis Boggs
  • Inspired by the Aloha system at the University of Hawaii
  • Initial speed of 2.94 Mbps
  • 1980: 10 Mbps Ethernet standard (DEC, Intel, Xerox)
  • 1982: Xerox lost trademark rights, allowing broader use
  • Became a prevalent network architecture

Ethernet Types

  • Various types based on speed, data transmission, and media

Ethernet Classifications

  • Categorized by speed, modulation type, and transmission media
  • 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1Gbps, 10Gbps, 1000Gbps
  • Baseband: direct signal transmission
  • Broadband: multiple signals on a single channel
  • Media: twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optic

Ethernet Naming Conventions

  • Format: [speed] [modulation] [media]
  • Example: 100BaseT (100Mbps, baseband, twisted pair)
  • Standard specifications (IEEE 802.3) define various Ethernet types
  • Different types of cables (10Base5, 10Base2, 10BaseT, 10BaseF, 100BaseTX, 100BaseFX, 1000BaseCX, 1000BaseSX, 1000BaseLX, 1000BaseZX, 1000BaseT, 10GBaseCX4, 10GBaseSR, 10GBaseLR, 10GBaseZR, 10GBaseT, 40GBaseER4, 40GBaseT, 100GBaseER4)

Ethernet Growth

  • Increased in 10x step size increments, progressing from 10, 100, 1000, 10000 to higher speeds
  • Use of fiber optic cable and higher bandwidth media
  • Further developments in the gigabit and multi-gigabit eras

Ethernet Network Structure

  • Primarily a tree-like structure connecting devices using switches, network cards, and cables (Category 5, Enhanced Category 5, 100BaseTX, 1000BaseT Ethernet)
  • Uses various connectors and cable types

Materials and Equipment

  • UTP cables
  • RJ-45 connectors
  • RJ-45 jacks
  • Network cards
  • Cable testers
  • Crimping tools
  • Stripping tools

RJ-45 Connectors

  • Standardized interface for connecting network cables
  • Connects the cable to the network card
  • Pin 1-8: specific signal transmission designation

Network Card (NIC)

  • Connects the computer to the network
  • Auto-sensing adjustments depending on wired speed/environment/Ethernet environment
  • Full-duplex transmission capabilities

Hubs and Switches

  • Network devices used for connecting multiple computers
  • Have LED indicators to demonstrate connection status/speed

Additional Considerations

  • Wiring distances and cable types
  • Types of cables
  • Wire specifications: bandwidth limit, EMI effects, proper wiring
  • Connection speeds and requirements

Wireless Network Introduction

  • Suitable for mobile and less structured environments
  • Used in various applications (shops, factories)

Wireless Network Classifications

  • WMAN: Wireless Metropolitan Area Network
  • WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network
  • WPAN: Wireless Personal Area Network

Wireless Standards and Frequency Bands

  • ISM and UNII Bands, as standards that devices operate at different frequency bands.

802.11 Standards (Wi-Fi)

  • 802.11b(WiFi 1)
  • 802.11a (WiFi 2)
  • 802.11g(WiFi 3)
  • 802.11n (Wi-Fi 4)
  • 802.11ac(Wi-Fi 5)
  • 802.11ax(Wi-Fi 6)
  • 802.11be(Wi-Fi 7)
  • Frequency bands and use cases
  • MIMO/MU-MIMO

802.15 Standards (short-range wireless)

  • 802.15.1 (Bluetooth)
  • 802.15.4 (ZigBee)

Wireless Network Setup

  • AP, repeater, bridge configurations
  • Security standards (WEP, WPA, WPA2, WPA3)
  • Range and coverage

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