15 Questions
What is the cause of mild hair growth on the upper lip of women with certain medical conditions?
Decreased estrogen-to-testosterone ratio
What is the possible cause of foul-smelling breath in a client with dental prostheses?
Periodontal disease
What is the possible cause of yellow-tinged patches in the mouth or throat of a client using steroid inhalers or antibiotics?
Candidiasis
What are some possible signs of dysphagia?
Hoarse voice after eating or drinking
What may promote dental caries and increase the risk of pneumonia?
Antihistamines
What does the absence of a gag reflex indicate?
A neurologic disorder
What are some possible side effects of medications that depress saliva production?
Increased risk of pneumonia and dental caries
What may a swollen, red, and painful tongue indicate?
Vitamin B or riboflavin deficiency
What does a weak or hoarse voice after eating or drinking suggest?
Dysphagia
What may cause a feeling of inadequate breath intake during a smell evaluation?
A deviated septum
What may cause a drooping lower eyelid that keeps it from shutting completely?
Excessive stretching of the lower eyelid
What is a common cause of a turning in of the lower eyelid that causes the eyelashes to touch the conjunctiva and cornea?
Entropion
What is presbyopia?
A decreased ability to change shape of the lens
What is a pterygium?
A thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva that grows over the cornea
What are common symptoms of cataracts?
Painless blurring of vision and impaired near vision
Study Notes
Hormonal Influences on Hair Growth
- Hirsutism, a hormonal imbalance, can cause mild hair growth on the upper lip of women with certain medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Oral Health Issues
- Poor dental hygiene and improper cleaning of dental prostheses can lead to foul-smelling breath.
- Long-term use of steroid inhalers or antibiotics can cause yellow-tinged patches in the mouth or throat due to oral candidiasis.
Dysphagia
- Difficulty swallowing, coughing, or choking while eating or drinking are possible signs of dysphagia.
Oral Health Risks
- Inadequate oral hygiene and infrequent dental cleanings can promote dental caries and increase the risk of pneumonia.
Neurological Signs
- The absence of a gag reflex may indicate neurological disorders, such as a brainstem lesions or neurodegenerative diseases.
Medication Side Effects
- Medications that depress saliva production can cause dry mouth, tooth decay, and other oral health issues.
Tongue Abnormalities
- A swollen, red, and painful tongue may indicate a bacterial or fungal infection, or a nutritional deficiency.
Voice Changes
- A weak or hoarse voice after eating or drinking suggests gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Respiratory Issues
- A feeling of inadequate breath intake during a smell evaluation may indicate respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Eye Abnormalities
- A drooping lower eyelid that cannot shut completely may indicate a neurological disorder, such as myasthenia gravis.
- A turning in of the lower eyelid, known as entropion, can cause the eyelashes to touch the conjunctiva and cornea, leading to discomfort and vision problems.
Age-Related Vision Changes
- Presbyopia is an age-related loss of near vision, requiring corrective lenses.
Eye Diseases
- A pterygium is a benign growth on the conjunctiva, often caused by prolonged UV exposure.
- Common symptoms of cataracts include cloudy vision, double vision, and sensitivity to light.
Test your knowledge on the symptoms of Cushing's Syndrome, including muscle atrophy, reduced range of motion, and changes in hair and nail growth.
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