Quality Assurance Practices by Dr. Shahid Munir

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of the total budget is allocated for education?

11% (correct)

10%

87%

How many public sector universities are there in Punjab?

32 (correct)

What is the total enrollment in public sector colleges in Punjab?

608,373

1,017,704 (correct)

446,042

642,339

What is the allocation for higher education in the budget?

Rs 69.083 billion Signup and view all the answers

Which university has the highest ranking in the QS World Ranking 2024?

Lahore University of Management Sciences Signup and view all the answers

How many private sector colleges are there in Punjab?

2164 Signup and view all the answers

What is the total enrollment in universities in Punjab?

642,339 Signup and view all the answers

What is the allocation for colleges in the higher education budget?

Rs 57.443 billion Signup and view all the answers

What is the Federal Allocation to HEC (Recurring) as a percentage of GDP in FY 2022-23?

0.19% Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the Federal Recurring Grant to HEC (Rs Million) the highest?

FY 2021-22 Signup and view all the answers

What is the average Cost per Student in Rs, according to the data?

Rs. 250,085 Signup and view all the answers

What is the total outlay of the Punjab Education Sector Budget 2023-24?

Rs. 1719.3 billion Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the Shortfall in Recurring Allocation the highest in percentage terms?

FY 2022-23 Signup and view all the answers

What is the GDP percentage spent on education in Pakistan in 2022?

2.90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the Federal Recurring Grant to HEC (Rs Million) in FY 2022-23?

Rs. 66.025 billion Signup and view all the answers

What is the Grant per Student in Rs, according to the data?

Rs. 250,085 Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of GDP spent on education in China in 2021?

3.91% Signup and view all the answers

What is the Shortfall in Recurring Allocation in amount terms in FY 2023-24?

Rs. 53.786 billion Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the world's international students were hosted in the East Asia and Pacific region in 2016?

19% Signup and view all the answers

What can be a potential target for international student recruitment?

Africa, Central Asia, Srilanka, Iran, and Afghanistan Signup and view all the answers

What can be marketed to attract international students?

MBBS, Allied Health Sciences, Engineering, Pharmacy, and Biological Sciences programs Signup and view all the answers

What can be created to enhance the university-industry linkage?

Directorate of External Linkages Signup and view all the answers

What can be included in the Board of Studies to enhance university-industry linkage?

Industrial / business professionals Signup and view all the answers

What can be a feature of a market-based curriculum?

Integration with industry needs Signup and view all the answers

What can be done to enhance quality assurance in colleges?

Designate public sector colleges as constituent colleges of universities Signup and view all the answers

What can be a feature of a globalized curriculum?

Integration with international industry needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the ranking of University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore in THE World University Ranking 2024?

601-800 Signup and view all the answers

What is the ranking of University of the Punjab, Lahore in THE World University Ranking 2024?

801-1000 Signup and view all the answers

Which university is ranked between 741-750 in THE World University Ranking 2024?

University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Signup and view all the answers

How many universities are ranked between 801-1000 in THE World University Ranking 2024?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the ranking of University of Lahore in THE World University Ranking 2024?

801-1000 Signup and view all the answers

Which university is ranked between 601-800 in THE World University Ranking 2024?

Government College University, Faisalabad Signup and view all the answers

What is the ranking of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan in THE World University Ranking 2024?

1201-1400 Signup and view all the answers

Which university is ranked between 791-800 in THE World University Ranking 2024?

University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mission of the Punjab Higher Education Commission (PHEC)?

To improve the quality of higher education and research in Punjab Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the powers of the PHEC under the Punjab Higher Education Commission Act 2014?

To allocate funds to public sector institutions based on performance and need Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Accreditation Committee established by the PHEC?

To accredit institutions, including their sub-campuses, outposts, faculties, departments, and disciplines Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the PHEC in relation to faculty development?

To undertake various faculty development programs for improving the quality of teaching and research Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ways the PHEC supports institutions in raising funds?

By advising institutions on raising funds from sources other than the Government Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the PHEC in relation to quality assurance?

To develop guidelines for quality assurance Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PHEC's ranking of higher education institutions in Punjab?

To provide a framework for institutions to improve their performance Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the ways the PHEC promotes linkages between institutions and industry?

By supporting the creation of linkages between institutions and industry as well as national and international organizations Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the PHEC in relation to research and development?

To promote research and development in institutions Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the PHEC's third-party performance audit of higher education institutions?

To furnish a copy of the results to the concerned body for corrective measures and follow-up Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Federal Allocation to HEC (Recurring)

In FY 2014-15, the federal allocation to HEC (Recurring) was $1,000 million, equivalent to Rs. 90,000 million.
The allocation decreased to 900million(Rs.77,123million)inFY2015−16andfurtherto900 million (Rs. 77,123 million) in FY 2015-16 and further to 900million(Rs.77,123million)inFY2015−16andfurtherto800 million (Rs. 65,519 million) in FY 2016-17.
In FY 2017-18, the allocation was $782 million (Rs. 64,100 million), and it continued to decrease in subsequent years.

Federal Recurring Grant as Percentage of GDP

In FY 2014-15, the federal recurring grant was 0.60% of the GDP, equivalent to Rs. 80 billion.
The ratio decreased to 0.50% (Rs. 64 billion) in FY 2015-16 and further to 0.40% (Rs. 48 billion) in FY 2016-17.
The trend continued, with the ratio decreasing to 0.30% (Rs. 40 billion) in FY 2017-18 and 0.20% (Rs. 20 billion) in FY 2018-19.

Average Grant Per Student and Cost Per Student

In FY 2014-15, the average grant per student was Rs. 300,000, and the average cost per student was Rs. 245,492.
In FY 2015-16, the average grant per student was Rs. 250,000, and the average cost per student was Rs. 210,273.
The average grant per student decreased to Rs. 200,000 in FY 2016-17, and the average cost per student was Rs. 184,810.

GDP % on Education (including HE)

In FY 2014-15, the GDP % on education (including HE) was 8.00%.
The percentage decreased to 7.00% in FY 2015-16 and further to 6.00% in FY 2016-17.
The trend continued, with the percentage decreasing to 5.00% in FY 2017-18 and 4.00% in FY 2018-19.

Shortfall in Recurring Allocation (FY 2015-16 to FY 2023-24)

There was a shortfall of Rs. 9.00 billion (15% of the demand) in FY 2015-16.
The shortfall increased to Rs. 17.00 billion (21% of the demand) in FY 2017-18 and further to Rs. 38.95 billion (37% of the demand) in FY 2022-23.

Punjab Education Sector Budget 2023-24

The total budget outlay for Punjab education sector is Rs. 1719.3 billion, covering the months of July to October 2023.
Rs. 195 billion has been allocated for education, which is 11% of the total budget.
Rs. 69.083 billion has been allocated for higher education, which is 3% of the total budget.

State of Higher Education in Punjab

There are 50 public sector universities and 36 private sector universities in Punjab.
The total enrollment in public sector universities is 495,094, with 77% of the students being male.
The total enrollment in private sector universities is 147,245, with 23% of the students being male.

Department Wise Detail of Public Sector Universities in Punjab

The largest number of public sector universities is in the department of Health (35), followed by Agriculture (34), and Industries (30).

Top Universities in the Punjab (QS World Ranking 2024)

Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) is ranked 540 in the QS World Ranking 2024.
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, is ranked 741-750 in the QS World Ranking 2024.
University of the Punjab, Lahore, is ranked 741-750 in the QS World Ranking 2024.

Top Universities in the Punjab (THE World University Ranking 2024)

University of Engineering & Technology, Taxila, is ranked 601-800 in the THE World University Ranking 2024.
Government College University, Faisalabad, is ranked 601-800 in the THE World University Ranking 2024.
University of Lahore is ranked 801-1000 in the THE World University Ranking 2024.

University-Industry Linkage

Measures to strengthen university-industry linkage include the inclusion of industrial/business professionals in the Board of Studies, outcome-based learning, thesis fairs, and the creation of a directorate of external linkages.

Curriculum

The curriculum should be market-based, integrate technology, and enhance learning outcomes.
The curriculum should be globalized and internationalized to address complex real-world problems.

College-University Culture & Quality Assurance

Public sector colleges should be designated as constituent colleges of universities within the same district or division, with the university having total administrative and academic control.
Strengthening the college-university culture will help improve quality assurance.### Benefits of Higher Education
Access to university resources and government funding
Improved curriculum and academic programs
Industry collaborations and research opportunities
Quality assurance and faculty development
Improved career prospects

Overview of PHEC

Established under the Punjab Higher Education Commission Act 2014
Mission: to improve the quality of higher education and research in Punjab

Powers and Functions of PHEC

Coordinate with Higher Education Commission in a result-oriented manner
Formulate guidelines and recommend policies for public and private institutions
Prescribe guidelines and conditions for institutions offering qualifications in higher education sector
Monitor and evaluate performance of institutions and conduct accreditation
Ensure good governance and management of institutions
Assist and advise the Government in quality enhancement and quality assurance of colleges
Conduct third-party performance audits of higher education institutions and provide results for corrective measures
Rank higher education institutions in Punjab
Submit grant-in-aid requirements of institutions to the Government
Allocate funds to public sector institutions based on performance and need
Advise institutions on raising funds from sources other than the Government
Support linkages between institutions and industry, national and international organizations
Facilitate introduction of market-relevant educational and training programs
Ensure imparting of marketable education and skills, and promote self-employment
Advise institutions on balancing teaching and research
Develop faculty development programs for improving teaching and research quality
Facilitate implementation of quality assurance systems based on HEC standards
Encourage and support training programs, workshops, and symposia
Prepare plans for higher education development in consultation with institutions
Promote formal links between institutions for effective use of expertise and equipment
Allocate funds for fellowships, scholarships, travel, and research grants
Establish endowment funds for higher education with contributions from the Government and non-governmental sources
Collect information and statistics on higher education and institutions
Set up committees of experts to advise on PHEC affairs
Advise institutions on framing subordinate legislation
Perform other functions prescribed or incidental to the above functions

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