Culture Chapter 2: Gun Violence in America
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Questions and Answers

How many people were killed during the Parkland shooting?

  • 25
  • 41
  • 17 (correct)
  • 14

What firearm was used by the gunman during the Parkland shooting?

  • AR-15 (correct)
  • Smith & Wesson model 10
  • Remington 870
  • Glock 19

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding American firearm ownership?

  • The U.S. has less than 200 million firearms.
  • Gun ownership is declining across the United States.
  • Suicides account for less than 50% of gun-related deaths.
  • Approximately 40% of households own guns. (correct)

What percentage of individuals in the United States own guns?

<p>30% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cultural significance does hunting hold for some American men?

<p>It functions as a means of connecting generations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been reported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control regarding firearm deaths in 2017?

<p>There were over 39,000 gun-related deaths. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of American gun culture, what is often cited as a reason for ownership?

<p>Sport shooting competitions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the ratio of firearms to people in the United States compare to other countries?

<p>It is more than double that of any other country. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of anthropologists when practicing cultural relativism?

<p>To understand a culture’s logic within its own context (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason anthropologists might struggle with cultural practices?

<p>Disregard for human rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does enculturation primarily involve?

<p>Learning and transmitting cultural norms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the AAA’s Declaration on Anthropology and Human Rights emphasize?

<p>International principles from major UN documents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which question is commonly raised by anthropologists regarding human rights?

<p>What is a culture’s ability to meet basic human needs? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should anthropologists approach cultural practices they find concerning?

<p>By assessing them against international human rights standards (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be a consequence of overrelying on Western traditions in anthropology?

<p>Simplification of cultural practices into legal frameworks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What assumption underlies an anthropologist's study of a culture?

<p>Shared norms and beliefs are rational to participants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mental maps in relation to reality?

<p>To classify and assign meaning to experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How have mental maps historically been influenced according to the content?

<p>They reflect the perspectives of those in power. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential risks of viewing mental maps as fixed and universal?

<p>It can lead to misunderstandings of others' cultural values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key aspect of ethnocentrism?

<p>Using one's own culture as a standard to judge others (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which example demonstrates the classification of reality by mental maps?

<p>The concept of marriage age in different cultures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does globalization have on mental maps according to the provided information?

<p>It pressures individuals to adopt new cultural norms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that anthropology aids in understanding cultural perspectives?

<p>By broadening worldviews to include diverse cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'assigning meaning' within the context of mental maps?

<p>Valuing certain life stages differently based on culture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of epigenetics?

<p>Environmental factors affecting gene expression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes can affect epigenetic marks?

<p>Social inequality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of cells in the human body?

<p>100 trillion cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'homogenization' refer to in the context of globalization?

<p>The dominance of a single, global culture over local traditions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the human microbiome contribute to bodily functions?

<p>It plays roles in digestion, vitamin production, drug metabolism, and immunity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about globalization is true?

<p>Globalization can lead to hybridization of local cultures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes culture from biology?

<p>Culture is learned and socially constructed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has McDonald's adapted its approach in different countries?

<p>By changing its menu based on local tastes and traditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is enculturation?

<p>The process of learning and adopting cultural norms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects a misconception about human behavior?

<p>All behaviors are genetically determined (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant issue related to the production of blue jeans globally?

<p>They are mostly manufactured in developing countries under poor labor conditions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the beliefs about what is important in a culture?

<p>Values (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the global flows of culture through migration typically lead to?

<p>A blending or hybridization of cultural influences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the representation of blue jeans in global culture?

<p>They represent modernity, cosmopolitanism, and individualism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concern do anthropologists and cultural activists express about globalization?

<p>It may lead to the dominance of Western cultural values. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an effect of globalization on local cultures?

<p>Complete isolation of local identities from foreign influences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural relativism emphasize in the study of cultures?

<p>Understanding beliefs within their own cultural context (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept describes the idea that all cultures evolve through the same stages from simple to complex?

<p>Unilineal Cultural Evolution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of structural functionalism in the study of society?

<p>The functions of each element in maintaining social equilibrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does thick description aim to achieve in cultural research?

<p>A combination of detailed cultural descriptions and an analysis of underlying meanings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the ability of a dominant group to gain consent without using force?

<p>Hegemony (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does historical particularism explain cultural development?

<p>Based on the unique historical contexts of each culture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of agency represent within cultural studies?

<p>The inherent power of individuals and groups to challenge norms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does stratification in a society refer to?

<p>The hierarchical organization of groups based on resources and privileges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Parkland Shooting

The 2018 school shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, where a nineteen-year-old former student killed 17 students and staff and injured 17 more.

American Ownership of Firearms

The number of firearms owned by Americans compared to their population is higher than any other country in the world.

Gun Culture in the United States

The use of weapons for self-defense, hunting, and sport is deeply ingrained in American culture.

Masculinity and Social Glue

The tradition of hunting together among men in the U.S. provides a social connection across generations and strengthens communities

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Mental Maps

Mental maps help us organize the overwhelming amount of information our brains receive, creating categories to make sense of experiences.

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Enculturation and Mental Maps

Mental maps are influenced by our culture and how we were raised, shaping our understanding of the world.

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Globalization and Mental Maps

Globalization challenges our pre-existing mental maps by exposing us to different cultures and ways of life.

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Classifying Reality

A culture's mental map classifies reality, organizing everything from time to food to family relationships.

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Assigning Meaning

Mental maps assign meaning to the categories they create, often reflecting the values of those in power.

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Ethnocentrism

The tendency to believe one's own culture is superior and use it as a standard to judge others.

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Cultural Relativism

Acknowledging that different cultures have different values and practices, while recognizing they are all equally valid.

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Anthropology and Worldview

Anthropology encourages us to view our own culture as one expression within the larger diversity of human cultures.

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Enculturation

The process by which individuals learn and internalize their culture.

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International Human Rights Standards

Guidelines for a universally acceptable standard of human treatment, regardless of cultural differences.

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Culture

A set of values, beliefs, and practices that are shared by a group of people.

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Meeting Basic Needs

The ability of a culture to meet the basic needs of its people, especially for marginalized groups.

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American Anthropological Association (AAA) Declaration on Anthropology and Human Rights

A statement by the American Anthropological Association that emphasizes the importance of human rights in anthropological research.

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Objective Representation of Culture

Being objective and unbiased when studying another culture, acknowledging its internal logic.

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Globalization and Culture Homogenization

The spread of global products, services, and cultural elements can lead to the homogenization of cultures. This means that different cultures may become more similar due to dominant influences like American brands and values.

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Hybridization vs. Homogenization

Globalization often results in 'hybridization,' where cultures blend and adapt global influences with their own traditions.

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Global Migration and Cultural Exchange

Migration plays a key role in cultural exchange, bringing new ideas, practices, and perspectives to different locations.

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Globalization and Cosmopolitanism

Globalization can lead to increased cosmopolitanism, where people become more open to different cultures and global perspectives.

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McDonald's: A Globalized Brand

McDonald's has adapted its menus to reflect local tastes, laws, and religious beliefs across different countries.

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Blue Jeans: A Globalized Commodity

Blue jeans, a global fashion icon, are made in different countries and worn by people across the globe, illustrating the interconnectedness of global production and consumption.

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Blue Jeans and Local Identity

Blue jeans can be a symbol of local identity. Think about how they may be used or styled differently in distinct communities.

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Global Brands and Projected Values

Companies can project values like modernity, cosmopolitanism, and individualism through their products, like blue jeans, creating a global image.

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Hegemony

The ability of a dominant group to influence and persuade others to accept their values and beliefs without resorting to force.

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Agency

The capacity of individuals and groups to challenge existing norms, values, and power structures within their culture.

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Epigenetics

The study of how environmental factors influence gene expression and can be passed down generations.

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Human Microbiome

The complete collection of microorganisms living within the human body, playing a vital role in health and disease.

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Stratification

The uneven distribution of resources, privileges, and opportunities among members of a society.

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Interpretivist Approach

A conceptual approach that views culture as a system of shared meanings and symbols, where understanding requires interpretation.

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Thick Description

A research method focusing on detailed observations and the deeper cultural meanings embedded within cultural practices.

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Power

The ability to bring about change through actions, influence, or power.

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Symbol

Any object or idea that represents something else, often used to communicate meaning within a culture.

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Values

Fundamental beliefs about what is important, what makes a good life, and what is true, right, and beautiful.

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Study Notes

Chapter 2: Culture

  • Gun violence is a significant issue in the U.S.
  • Students protested in 2018 after a school shooting, demanding stricter gun laws.
  • Anthropologists study American gun culture to understand its roots.
  • In 2018, a former student opened fire at a Florida high school, killing 17 students and staff.
  • The U.S. has an estimated 400 million firearms for a population of 320 million.
  • Gun ownership is significantly high compared to other countries.
  • Gun violence is a major issue causing many deaths, including suicides and homicides
  • Cultural norms and values influence how people behave regarding gun ownership.
  • Culture is contested; people debate the importance of gun ownership, or regulation.
  • A large-scale cultural shift regarding what is normal in societies.
  • Norms dictate appropriate behavior in specific situations
  • Cultural beliefs about gun ownership shape behaviours
  • Cultural norms dictate beliefs about how to communicate, act and behave
  • Different cultures have different mental maps and different understandings of reality.
  • Cultural values influence the ideas regarding what makes a good life, and right or wrong behaviours.
  • Culture is a shared experience created, learned, shared, and contested by a group of people.
  • Culture is learned through enculturation. This process shapes our behaviour in communities.
  • Culture is symbolic and material. Material culture is the objects and structures which define a culture.
  • Culture influences a society's ideas of reality. There are different ways of seeing the world.
  • Cultural classifications influence our understanding of things and people.
  • Culture is not biologically determined, thus it changes over time
  • Globalization influences local cultures, and people can be more conscious of their behaviour to conform with the other cultures.
  • Homogenization occurs-a culture can lose its unique traits.
  • Migration and global flows of culture influences cultural practices.
  • Globalization creates more interactions
  • Cosmopolitanism occurs -a broader perspective and greater understanding of other cultures and practices.
  • Anthropologists use thick description—detailed accounts and the analysis of cultural contexts- to understand practices in a clear way.
  • Power is influential in many aspects of culture
  • Power is embedded in social relations, impacting behaviours and identities.

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Cultural Anthropology: A Toolkit for a Global Age - Chapter 2: Culture - PDF

Description

Explore the complex relationship between culture and gun violence in the U.S. This quiz delves into the sociocultural factors that shape gun ownership and attitudes toward gun regulation. Understand the impact of events like the 2018 school shooting and the ensuing protests on American culture.

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