Cultural Diversity Chapter 9 Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

What does culture encompass?

  • values and beliefs
  • customs and characteristics
  • ideas passed from one generation to the next
  • All of the above (correct)

    • List the 4 basic characteristics of culture.

    Learned, shared, social in nature, dynamic and constantly changing.

    A classification of people based on national origin and/or culture is called?

    ethnicity

    A classification of people based on physical or biological characteristics is called?

    <p>race</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The differences among people resulting from cultural, ethnic, and racial factors is known as?

    <p>cultural diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is the United States a multicultural society?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes an assumption that all fat people are lazy?

    <p>stereotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What word describes a biased statement such as 'Baptists are better Christians than Lutherans'?

    <p>bias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'prejudice' refer to?

    <p>Herbal remedies are a waste of money.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 6 ways to avoid bias, prejudice, and stereotyping?

    <ol> <li>Know your own values and beliefs. 2. Obtain info about different groups. 3. Be sensitive to other behaviors. 4. Evaluate info before forming an opinion. 5. Be open to differences. 6. Avoid offensive jokes.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    What is holistic care?

    <p>Care that provides for the well-being of the whole person, meeting personal, social, emotional, and mental needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the 5 areas of cultural diversity.

    <ol> <li>Family organization 2. Language 3. Personal space 4. Touching 5. Eye contact 6. Gestures 7. Health care beliefs.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'patriarchal' mean?

    <p>Father is the authority figure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a nuclear family?

    <p>Family consists of mother, father, and two children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an extended family?

    <p>Parents, children, and grandparents all live in one home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'matriarchal' imply?

    <p>Mother is the authority figure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Illness is caused by an imbalance between yin and yang is related to which cultural belief?

    <p>Asian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wearing an Azabache will treat disease is a belief from which culture?

    <p>Hispanic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Health is harmony between man and nature is associated with which cultural beliefs?

    <p>Native American, Asian, South African</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Health is a balance between 'hot and cold' forces is related to which cultures?

    <p>Hispanic, Asian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Evil spirits or the 'evil eye' cause illness is a belief in which cultures?

    <p>Middle Eastern, Hispanic, South African, Asian, Native American</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lack of cleanliness causes illness is a belief in which cultural groups?

    <p>European, South African, Middle Eastern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pain must be accepted and endured silently is a belief held by which culture?

    <p>Asian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tolerating pain is a sign of strength is a belief held by which cultures?

    <p>Middle Eastern, Native American, South African</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Males make decisions on the health care of the family is an aspect of which culture?

    <p>Middle Eastern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered the traditional healer in Native American culture?

    <p>Shaman or medicine man.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can health be maintained?

    <p>By diet, rest, and exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are spirituality and religion the same?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for a health care provider to be aware of beliefs about death in different religions?

    <p>To provide total care.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two religions that may prohibit blood transfusions.

    <p>Jehovah's Witness (Christian), Christian Scientist (Christian).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A/an _____________ believes in the existence of one God.

    <p>monotheist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A/an _____________ believes in many Gods.

    <p>polytheist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person who does not believe in any deity is an/a...

    <p>atheist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A person who believes the existence of God cannot be proved or disproved is a/an...

    <p>agnostic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 8 ways to respect cultural diversity?

    <ol> <li>Listen to patients as they express their beliefs. 2. Appreciate differences in people. 3. Avoid bias, prejudice, and stereotyping. 4. Evaluate information before forming an opinion. 5. Ask questions about beliefs. 6. Allow practice of beliefs. 7. Be sensitive to personal responses. 8. Respect spirituality and rituals.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Culture and Characteristics

    • Culture encompasses values, beliefs, ideas, customs, and traits passed through generations.
    • Four fundamental characteristics of culture: learned, shared, social in nature, and dynamic.

    Ethnicity and Race

    • Ethnicity categorizes individuals based on national origin or culture.
    • Race classifies individuals based on physical or biological traits.

    Cultural Diversity

    • Cultural diversity refers to differences among people due to cultural, ethnic, and racial backgrounds.
    • The United States is recognized as a multicultural society due to its broad range of ethnicities and races.

    Stereotypes, Bias, and Prejudice

    • Stereotypes are oversimplified beliefs about groups (e.g., "All teenagers are reckless").
    • Bias reflects a preference or prejudice for one thing over another (e.g., "Chemotherapy is superior to radiation").
    • Prejudice embodies negative assumptions about individuals or groups (e.g., dismissing herbal remedies).

    Reducing Bias and Stereotyping

    • Awareness of personal values and beliefs is essential for minimizing bias.
    • Gathering information about diverse cultural groups helps combat ignorance.
    • Sensitivity to differing cultural practices, evaluating information critically, and being open to differences are key strategies.
    • Avoiding potentially offensive humor can prevent misunderstandings.

    Holistic Care

    • Holistic care addresses the overall well-being of individuals, meeting personal, social, emotional, and mental health needs.

    Areas of Cultural Diversity

    • Key areas include family organization, language, personal space, touching, eye contact, gestures, and health care beliefs.

    Family Structures

    • Patriarchal families assign authority to the father.
    • Nuclear families consist of parents and their children.
    • Extended families include multiple generations living together.
    • Matriarchal families designate authority to the mother.

    Various Cultural Beliefs in Health

    • Different cultures attribute illness to various causes, such as balance (Asian), natural harmony (Native American), evil spirits (Middle Eastern), and cleanliness (European).
    • Traditional healing practices vary, with shamans in Native American cultures and reliance on diet and exercise in European and South American traditions.

    Spirituality and Religion

    • Spirituality refers to individual belief and self-awareness, while religion involves organized practices and worship.

    Healthcare Awareness

    • Understanding diverse beliefs surrounding death aids healthcare providers in offering comprehensive care.
    • Some religions, like Jehovah’s Witnesses and Christian Scientists, have specific prohibitions regarding blood transfusions.

    Theistic Beliefs

    • Monotheists believe in one God, while polytheists believe in multiple deities.
    • Atheists do not believe in any deity, while agnostics are uncertain about the existence of God.

    Respecting Cultural Diversity

    • To appreciate and respect cultural diversity, healthcare providers should:
      • Listen to patients expressing their beliefs.
      • Recognize and respect differences in people.
      • Avoid bias, prejudice, and stereotyping.
      • Ask questions to understand a patient's beliefs and practices.
      • Be sensitive to non-verbal communication and personal space boundaries.
      • Support patients in practicing their beliefs and respect their spiritual and religious customs.

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    Description

    Explore the essential concepts of culture and diversity with this study guide. Learn definitions and characteristics that shape cultures across the globe. Perfect for understanding the dynamics of ethnicity and cultural values.

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