Cultural Dimensions and Group Behavior Quiz

We are naturally driven to increase positive emotions and decrease negative ones. This helps us determine future actions by reinforcing positive experiences and discouraging negative ones.

The core motivation behind marketing content is to address consumer needs. These needs arise when there's a gap between a desired state and the current state. The larger the gap, the stronger the need and the more motivated we are to close it.

Biogenic needs are essential for survival. We need these to stay alive.

Psychogenic needs reflect cultural values and how we behave within a specific society. These needs are acquired as part of belonging to a culture.

The strength of a need is its urgency. It determines how motivated we are to reduce the tension caused by that need. This tension is our 'drive' to satisfy a need.

Utilitarian needs are driven by practical benefits and tangible outcomes.

Hedonic needs focus on subjective and experiential desires, delivering emotional satisfaction.

This theory focuses on the basic biological needs that create unpleasant sensations when not fulfilled.

This theory explains how learned needs and expectations influence our behaviors. We're motivated by the anticipation of achieving positive outcomes.

A process where we imagine how others perceive us, using those impressions to shape our self-image. We 'bounce' signals off others to understand how they view us.

This theory suggests that consumers use products to fill gaps in their self-image. They seek out and display objects associated with an identity they're trying to achieve.

This model proposes that consumers choose products whose characteristics match aspects of their self-image. It's like finding products that reflect who they want to be or already feel like.

Products and activities connected to specific roles we play in life, like careers, hobbies, or relationships. Objects crucial to these roles become part of the self.

The process of how we receive, organize, and interpret sensory information. It involves three stages: exposure, attention, and interpretation.

The initial response of our sensory receptors (eyes, ears, etc.) to basic stimuli like light, color, and sound. It's the raw input before our brain processes it.

Organized collections of beliefs and experiences that we use to make sense of the world. They influence how we interpret sensory information.

The ability to focus on specific stimuli while ignoring others. It's like filtering information based on what's relevant to us at that moment.

A specific way to satisfy a need, shaped by personal experiences, culture, and other factors.

The strength of motivation to achieve a goal, reflecting how much effort someone is willing to invest.

Behavior aimed at reducing or eliminating an unpleasant state to return to a stable balance.

Goals pursued because they are personally valuable, leading consumers to seek out products or services that help them achieve these goals.

Goals that focus on avoiding negative outcomes, shaping consumption behaviors to prevent undesirable consequences.

A replacement goal adopted when the original goal is unattainable, reducing tension and potentially replacing the original goal over time.

An individual's approach to pleasure and pain when pursuing goals, focusing on desired outcomes and the motivation to achieve them.

A focus on achieving positive outcomes and gains, driven by hopes and accomplishments.

The extent to which less powerful individuals in a society accept the unequal distribution of power in institutions and organizations.

The degree to which people in a society feel uncomfortable with uncertainty and ambiguity.

A culture's preference for achievement, heroism, and material success compared to a preference for relationships, modesty, and quality of life.

A cultural preference for individual welfare and goals over group welfare and goals.

The extent to which a society prioritizes a pragmatic, future-oriented perspective.

A change in beliefs or actions due to real or perceived group pressure.

Informal rules governing behavior within a society, established for smooth functioning.

The tendency for individuals to express greater willingness to take risks following group discussion than they would individually.

Conformity driven by the desire for social acceptance and approval.

The phenomenon where individual identities are submerged within a group, leading to reduced personal accountability.

The phenomenon of reduced individual effort in group tasks, as contributions are less noticeable and accountability is diluted.

The strengthening of pre-existing attitudes among individuals after engaging in discussions with like-minded peers.

Individuals exhibiting non-conforming behavior, often seen as unconventional or daring.

The less important a product is to consumers, the more influential marketing stimuli become. This suggests that consumers are more likely to be swayed by marketing tactics for products they don't find particularly important.

The order in which consumers process information about a product: emotions (affect) lead to actions (behavior), which then shape thoughts and beliefs (cognition).

Attitudes toward a product are shaped by the overall feelings it evokes, often without a lot of rational thought. Focuses on intangible product attributes, like packaging design, that create a positive emotional experience to influence choices.

This multi-attribute model explains how consumer attitudes are formed, influenced by multiple attributes. The overall attitude toward a product is based on beliefs about its attributes, their importance to the consumer, and how strongly those attributes are linked to the product.

This model predicts behaviour by considering two factors: 1) attitude towards buying the product: how a consumer feels about the purchase and its potential consequences and 2) subjective norms: social pressure and how important others' opinions are.

This model builds on the Theory of Reasoned Action by adding a third factor - perceived behaviour control, which reflects how much control the consumer feels they have over their actions. It accounts for situations where consumers may want to buy but feel they lack the ability or resources.

This approach aims to influence consumer attitudes through repetition of messages, manipulating product cues, and exploiting the source of the message. The goal is to trigger favourable thoughts and feelings that indirectly affect consumer behavior.

This change strategy seeks to link a product with a certain emotion or feeling, creating a positive association. The idea is that the repeated pairing of the product with a positive feeling leads to automatic positive responses in the consumer.