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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of governance structures in cult organizations?
What is the primary focus of governance structures in cult organizations?
The value proposition of a cult organization includes both material and immaterial elements.
The value proposition of a cult organization includes both material and immaterial elements.
True (A)
Name two core elements that are part of a cult organization's value proposition.
Name two core elements that are part of a cult organization's value proposition.
Books, spaces
Effective governance structures help ensure that a cult organization is ________ by allocating adequate resources.
Effective governance structures help ensure that a cult organization is ________ by allocating adequate resources.
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Match the following stakeholders with their descriptions:
Match the following stakeholders with their descriptions:
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What differentiates public goods from private goods?
What differentiates public goods from private goods?
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Cultural products are always charged for access.
Cultural products are always charged for access.
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What is an example of a common good?
What is an example of a common good?
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In Ostrom's design principles, rules for appropriation must be specific to the characteristics of the ______.
In Ostrom's design principles, rules for appropriation must be specific to the characteristics of the ______.
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Match the terms with their definitions:
Match the terms with their definitions:
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Which principle is NOT part of Ostrom's design for managing common goods?
Which principle is NOT part of Ostrom's design for managing common goods?
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Cultural products can be both public and private.
Cultural products can be both public and private.
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A ______ good implies rivalry and exclusivity in consumption.
A ______ good implies rivalry and exclusivity in consumption.
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What was one of the challenges faced by cultural organizations like the Met during modernization projects?
What was one of the challenges faced by cultural organizations like the Met during modernization projects?
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Cultural organizations only need to focus on financial sustainability and not their cultural missions.
Cultural organizations only need to focus on financial sustainability and not their cultural missions.
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What was the annual museum attendance overseen by Thomas Campbell?
What was the annual museum attendance overseen by Thomas Campbell?
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Cultural organizations often face pressures from globalization, _____, and diminishing public funding.
Cultural organizations often face pressures from globalization, _____, and diminishing public funding.
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Match the cultural organization with their specific challenge:
Match the cultural organization with their specific challenge:
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What was a primary negative impact of Campbell's leadership?
What was a primary negative impact of Campbell's leadership?
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The Breuer wing exceeded visitor expectations during Campbell's directorship.
The Breuer wing exceeded visitor expectations during Campbell's directorship.
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What was one of the approaches traditionalists were discontent with regarding Campbell's initiatives?
What was one of the approaches traditionalists were discontent with regarding Campbell's initiatives?
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What is a major financial constraint faced by institutions like the BBC?
What is a major financial constraint faced by institutions like the BBC?
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Audience skepticism can enhance the efforts of cultural organizations to diversify programming.
Audience skepticism can enhance the efforts of cultural organizations to diversify programming.
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Which of the following is a role of cultural organizations in the context of globalization?
Which of the following is a role of cultural organizations in the context of globalization?
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The digitization of collections has no impact on cultural engagement.
The digitization of collections has no impact on cultural engagement.
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Name one successful approach the BBC has taken to improve diversity.
Name one successful approach the BBC has taken to improve diversity.
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What case exemplifies Italy reclaiming a stolen artifact to assert its cultural identity?
What case exemplifies Italy reclaiming a stolen artifact to assert its cultural identity?
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The redevelopment of cultural spaces in Milan serves to revitalize local economies and create hubs for __________ engagement.
The redevelopment of cultural spaces in Milan serves to revitalize local economies and create hubs for __________ engagement.
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Match the following statements with the appropriate cultural organization or initiative:
Match the following statements with the appropriate cultural organization or initiative:
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Digital technologies provide cultural organizations with new ways to fulfill their __________.
Digital technologies provide cultural organizations with new ways to fulfill their __________.
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What kind of challenges do cultural organizations face in reaching diverse populations?
What kind of challenges do cultural organizations face in reaching diverse populations?
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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What is a challenge presented by the integration of digital technology in cultural organizations?
What is a challenge presented by the integration of digital technology in cultural organizations?
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Cultural organizations do not play a significant role in building identity and fostering pride in local heritage.
Cultural organizations do not play a significant role in building identity and fostering pride in local heritage.
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Globalization only presents challenges for cultural diversity.
Globalization only presents challenges for cultural diversity.
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How can innovative strategies help cultural organizations overcome challenges?
How can innovative strategies help cultural organizations overcome challenges?
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How can cultural organizations leverage globalization for inclusivity?
How can cultural organizations leverage globalization for inclusivity?
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What is one of the main concerns when advertisers influence the content of the BBC?
What is one of the main concerns when advertisers influence the content of the BBC?
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As of August 2020, the BBC provides free TV service to all residents over the age of 75.
As of August 2020, the BBC provides free TV service to all residents over the age of 75.
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What was the primary aim of appointing a head of editorial diversity at the BBC in 2019?
What was the primary aim of appointing a head of editorial diversity at the BBC in 2019?
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The BBC operates under a ________ Charter, ensuring constitutional independence.
The BBC operates under a ________ Charter, ensuring constitutional independence.
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What challenge does BBC governance currently face despite significant improvements?
What challenge does BBC governance currently face despite significant improvements?
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The gender pay gap at the BBC revealed that top women were paid less than top men for the same work.
The gender pay gap at the BBC revealed that top women were paid less than top men for the same work.
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What governance structure was implemented at the BBC in 2017?
What governance structure was implemented at the BBC in 2017?
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Match the following BBC initiatives with their descriptions:
Match the following BBC initiatives with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Attending students are responsible for group assignments (60%), debates, cases, and interactive discussion , and a 40% short essay
- Essays should reflect on a topic/article
Lecture 1: Ambiguity of Culture
- Culture is a complex system of knowledge, beliefs, art, moral, law, common behaviour and acquired habits.
- Culture includes material & spiritual elements and practical/symbolic elements
- Cultures have individual and collective components
- Managerial implications:
- Slippery floors: Difficulty embedding discourses and actions
- Subjectivity: Significant symbols vary across time, place, and communities; which communities are we paying attention to?
- Granularity: Determining important differences/commonalities, and suitable units of analysis.
- Multiple goals: Protecting tradition vs maintaining the status quo vs setting trends
Good Governance Characteristics
- Protecting owners' interests
- Accountability
- Transparency
- Ensuring continuity & long-term availability of resources for value creation
- Compliance
Managerial Implications
- Multiple stakeholders call for constant reaffirmation of goals
Priority Definition
- Culture embeds several artistic languages (past, present, preservation, and creation)
- Cultural organizations are often not only multi-stakeholder but also multiplex audiences
Cultural Organizations
- Culture is about individuals and their sensemaking
- Culture is about social relations
- Culture is about the creation and sharing of meaningful symbols
- Culture is a process as well as artefacts and manifestations
- Culture is about power, meaning, exchanges, and markets
- Culture is about the past, present, and future
Cultural Industries by Type
- Detailed lists of examples of cultural industries by category (performance arts, visual arts, media, content) and subtypes
Culture vs Commerce Relationship
- Culture is ambiguous in terms of boundaries / scope (content/process), nature (material/immaterial), economic characteristics (semi-public/merit)
- Culture and the market have a problematic fluid relationship
- Examples: The Sistine Chapel and the framing of the "holy place" problem
What Should Museums Do?
- Issues related to pricing, hours, itineraries, IP management, communication, research, and publications
- MoMA experience during the COVID-19 pandemic
What Type of Organization is a Museum?
- Public institution, political actor, educational institution, or market force (descriptions of each viewpoint)
The Problematic Relationship with the Market
- Culture as images and meanings enacting social forces.
- Culture's values and beliefs give orientation to practices
- Culture's identities are beliefs that shape self-perceptions and communities
- Culture is different from other goods in terms of commodification; there can be a possibility of trade, this happens on market premises.
Issues Related to Music and Standardization
- Questioning of musical quality in a market-driven environment
- The "Fetish Character" in modern music
Institutional Forms to Manage Culture
- Public vs. Private vs. Collective vs. Common Goods (examples)
- Public good (e.g., street lights), private good (rivalry & exclusivity), and collective good (e.g., a space)
- Common good contributing to common social good (e.g. water accessibility).
- The ownership correspondence to the nature of goods and there can be a public use for a private good or vice versa (e.g. public park letting out a kiosk)
Common Goods Management - Ostrom 1990
- Principles for managing resources owned by resource users
- Clear boundaries, define appropriation rules, involve all participants in decision-making, sanction violations, promote conflict resolution, enable user recognition of rights, ensure rules established within systems
Value and Meaning of an Object over Time
- Value and meaning of objects can change over time
ERT and the Greek Crisis Case Study
- Is governance of ERT effective?
- Issues related to audience education, representation and public discourse, pluralism
- Accountability
The Career of Venus Case Study (Stakeholder Relations)
- Value in the arts takes multiple forms (economic, non-economic)
- Relationship between artifacts and space (where does heritage belong?)
- Different stakeholders involved
Common Goods Management - Ostrom 1990
- Detailed definition of the principles used to manage common goods.
- Role of conflicts, low-cost conflict resolution mechanisms, and hierarchies in the context of resource management.
Common Goods Management Models
- Examples of public, private, and common goods.
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Description
This quiz explores the complexities of culture, including its individual and collective facets, and the managerial implications that arise. Additionally, it examines the characteristics of good governance in relation to cultural systems. Engage with the nuances of culture and their effects on management and governance.
