Culinary Operations - Key Dimensions & Factors

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Questions and Answers

How do the dimensions of simultaneity and inseparability uniquely impact service delivery in the hospitality industry, compared to the production of physical goods?

These dimensions require direct customer involvement in the production process, fundamentally changing how services are designed and delivered. This is unlike physical goods, where production and consumption are separate.

Explain how the ambiance of a dining environment could influence a customer's overall meal experience, considering both sensory and psychological aspects.

Ambiance impacts meal experience through sensory elements like lighting and noise, and psychological aspects such as perceived comfort and mood, which together affect food taste perception and satisfaction.

How does the 'Ecological' factor in a PESTE analysis influence strategic decisions differently from the 'Economic' factor, particularly in the hospitality industry?

The 'Ecological' factor drives decisions toward sustainability and environmental stewardship, impacting long-term resource use and brand image, whereas the 'Economic' factor primarily affects short-term financial strategies and market competitiveness.

In Porter's Five Forces, what strategic approaches can a restaurant use to mitigate a high 'threat of substitute products' and give one example?

<p>Restaurants can create strong brand loyalty, differentiate their offerings, and leverage exclusive partnerships to make substitutes less appealing. For example, a restaurant could offer a highly unique dining experience that can't easily be replicated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do assurance and empathy, as elements of service quality, interact to shape a customer’s perception of a high-quality hospitality experience?

<p>Assurance provides customers with a sense of trust in the service provider's competence, while empathy ensures they feel understood and cared for, resulting in a perception of personalized and reliable high-quality service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critically analyze the potential conflicts that may arise between 'attentiveness' and 'responsiveness' in customer service within a high-volume restaurant setting.

<p>Excessive attentiveness might slow down service delivery, while rapid responsiveness could lead to a perception of impersonal service, thus requiring a balance to optimize customer satisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how implementing sustainable practices could create a competitive advantage for a restaurant, addressing both financial and reputational benefits.

<p>Sustainable practices can attract environmentally conscious customers, reduce operational costs through efficient resource management, and enhance the restaurant's brand image, leading to a competitive edge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how feedback from different stages of a foodservice system can be used to improve operational efficiency and reduce waste.

<p>Feedback from output can optimize meal quantity/quality; transformation can adjust management/linking processes; input improves purchasing; memory enhances planning, to ultimately minimize waste and maximize efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do clearly defined service standards in a hotel impact both employee behavior and customer expectations, shaping the overall service experience?

<p>Service standards set clear performance benchmarks for employees, ensuring consistency, while also shaping customer expectations by defining the level of service they should anticipate, leading to predictable and satisfactory experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Analyze how the components of Total Quality Management (TQM) can be applied to improve kitchen operations, specifically reducing errors and enhancing food quality.

<p>Continuous process improvement helps refine kitchen processes, customer focus ensures that menu items meet diners' preferences, and involving all employees promotes accountability and problem-solving, ultimately reducing errors and enhancing food quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategies, beyond cutting portion sizes, can a catering business implement to significantly reduce costs while maintaining customer satisfaction?

<p>Negotiating better supplier contracts, improving inventory management to reduce waste, investing in energy-efficient equipment to lower utility bills, and automating repetitive tasks to decrease labor costs can help reduce costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does tailoring a menu to accommodate specific dietary preferences and restrictions provide a competitive advantage for a restaurant?

<p>Meeting diverse needs and preferences broadens the restaurant's appeal and attracts niche markets. It demonstrates inclusiveness, creating a competitive edge through enhanced customer satisfaction and loyalty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compare and contrast the strategic advantages and limitations of using a spoken menu versus a written menu in a fine dining establishment.

<p>Spoken menus allow for personalized interactions and immediate updates but risk miscommunication. Written menus offer clarity and allow paced review but lack real-time adaptability and personal touch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the ethical and marketing implications of descriptive copy on a menu, providing context on balancing creativity with honesty.

<p>Ethically, copy must be truthful to prevent misleading or deceptive claims. From a marketing standpoint, it should effectively create excitement and accurately represent menu items, enhancing customer expectations responsibly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Develop a scenario where a restaurant violates the principle of “truth in menu” and analyze the potential legal and reputational consequences.

<p>Serving conventional beef labeled as 'Certified Angus' violates ethics and truth in menu. It invites legal action (deceptive advertising lawsuits) and damages reputation, trust, and brand value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might feedback from online reviews be strategically integrated with sales data analysis to improve menu offerings and enhance customer satisfaction?

<p>Integrating online feedback with sales data helps identify popular items needing promotion and highlights underperforming choices to be modified or removed, aligning offerings with customer preferences for optimal appeal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss how menu variety can cater to customer segments with special dietary needs and preferences, enhancing overall market appeal and customer retention.

<p>It provides inclusive choices that attract diverse groups, catering to health trends, cultural preferences, and ethical food choices, widening market reach and improving customer loyalty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compare and contrast the operational complexities and customer expectations associated with 'à la carte' versus 'table d'hôte' menus in a high-end dining setting.

<p>'À la carte' requires flexible kitchen operations to handle individual items affecting prep-times. 'Table d'hôte' offers efficient service with set courses but limits custom choices affecting personalization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Analyze the long-term impact of effective upselling strategies on a restaurant’s profitability and customer loyalty, considering both ethical and financial perspectives.

<p>Effective upselling boosts revenue and enhances average check values, increasing profitability. Ethically done, it improves satisfaction; unethically, it erodes trust and loyalty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Elaborate on how layout and workflow design in a kitchen can impact staff productivity, food quality consistency, and overall operational efficiency.

<p>Efficient layouts reduce movement and bottlenecks, boosting productivity. Logical zoning improves consistent preparation and faster output. Good workflow improves the use of space, quality and efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of incorporating fire suppression systems in kitchen planning beyond mere legal compliance, detailing benefits for business continuity.

<p>Fire suppression protects lives, prevents major damage, and minimizes operational disruption beyond compliance, securing quick resumption and maintaining cash flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might the principles of ergonomics in kitchen design reduce workplace injuries and increase job satisfaction among kitchen staff?

<p>Ergonomic design lowers strain with efficient layout and equipment use, preventing repetitive stress issues, thereby improving employee morale, cutting injury-related expenses, and promoting retention resulting in better productivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the strategic role of production scheduling in aligning kitchen operations with fluctuating customer demand, specifically during peak and off-peak hours.

<p>Production synchronizes prep and cooking to meet peaks, minimizing waits. It optimizes staff hours to balance costs and quality in both peak and quiet timing, thereby maximizing customer satisfaction and budget efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Analyze the importance of controlled access to ancillary areas in a restaurant, discussing both security concerns and compliance with health and safety regulations.

<p>Controlled access safeguards inventory, prevents tampering, and ensures only authorized personnel enter, protecting hygiene, managing waste properly, and fulfilling safety rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the choice of sustainable building materials in a kitchen positively affect energy consumption, waste management, and the overall environmental impact of a restaurant?

<p>Eco materials reduce energy use due to high insulation, minimize waste as they are recyclable, reduces operational impacts, which strengthens the public image, and promotes environmental stewardship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the strategic categorization of menu items using the menu engineering model can inform decisions about pricing, placement, and promotion within a restaurant.

<p>Menu engineering aids decision-making by highlighting popular, lucrative items for marketing, problem foods that need changing, duds for cancellation, and steady performers requiring little attention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critically evaluate the limitations of relying solely on contribution margin and popularity when making menu engineering decisions.

<p>Neglecting costs sold and customer preferences results in inaccurate costing and poor choices. Effective engineering balances profitability, client loyalty, and market relevance for total assessment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can menu engineering be used proactively to identify potential market trends and adapt menu offerings to anticipate changing consumer preferences?

<p>Continual menu engineering monitors client stats, sales patterns, and tastes, assessing menus and proactively adjusting features to align bids with evolving goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how implementing corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives can enhance a company’s brand value and customer loyalty, with specific consideration for investor relations.

<p>CSR strengthens brand image through ethical values, attracting loyal customers, promoting good relations with all, and promoting investment for sustained performance and growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Discuss the potential challenges in accurately measuring the 'social' and 'environmental' impacts in the triple bottom line framework, compared to financial performance.

<p>Social and ecological values could be subjective or data restricted, making metrics standardization and exact measurement difficult, different from financial reporting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Design a comprehensive sustainability plan for a restaurant, detailing actionable steps to minimize waste, reduce energy usage, and support local communities.

<p>Plans have local sourcing to reduce transport discharges, waste reduction strategies, and investment of energy-efficiency measures, which involves workers ensuring that operations assist residents economically and ecologically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Analyze the challenges and benefits of sourcing ingredients locally for a culinary business, considering both economic and environmental impacts.

<p>Local buying benefits include supporting residents, minimizing emissions reductions, but possibly leading to higher expenses based on area variation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how an employer can foster an inclusive workplace that respects employees personal values and promote ethical behavior throughout an organization.

<p>By applying fair regulations, encouraging open dialogue, and appreciating each person's qualities, leaders can help increase moral awareness and dedication to integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Contrast the ethical obligations of an employee to their employer with the employer's ethical responsibilities toward their employees, emphasizing mutual respect and fairness.

<p>Workers should act with loyalty, openness, and honor. Businesses must provide acceptable pay and benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does strong corporate governance influence a company’s ability to attract investment, secure favorable financing terms, and maintain stakeholder trust?

<p>Strong governance enables effective decision-making, reduces hazards, promotes trust with investors, creditors, consumers, and workers, as well as improves access to money and favorable credit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe how ethical leadership influences organizational culture and employee commitment, reinforcing ethical behavior at all levels of a company.

<p>Ethical leaders set norms, inspire sincerity, accountability, and encourage ethical decision-making, which stimulates an ethical environment and increased staff dedication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the systematic analysis of customer preferences, cost of ingredients, and staff skills can optimize menu planning to enhance profitability and customer satisfaction?

<p>Evaluating client trends, food costs, ability matches resource distribution increases profits while improving satisfaction through enhanced choice personalization and effective preparation, promoting sustainable competitive energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the strategic significance behind accurately representing the origin and quality of food items on a menu, particularly for attracting and retaining discerning customers?

<p>Honest titles highlight the high standard and distinctive qualities which attract informed clients, thereby improving brand trust. Misleading information, however, affects credibility adversely which might erode customer satisfaction and reduce the number of consumers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In terms of menu engineering, describe the proactive strategies a restaurant can adopt to address negative customer feedback on menu items and maintain overall customer satisfaction?

<p>Restaurants may use reviews for menu changes, promotions of favorite products, and improving service delivery, so addressing issues quickly and adjusting strategy increases customer satisfaction in the long term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Elaborate on how the principles of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy create and reinforce customer loyalty within the competitive hospitality industry.

<p>Consistency fosters trust by improving satisfaction and connection and fostering relationships. Such commitments improves customer value and support, offering sustainable advantages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Six dimensions of hospitality service?

Intangibility, perishability, variability, simultaneity, inseparability, and heterogeneity.

Factors in a meal experience?

Quality/taste, service, ambiance, price/value, convenience, and menu variety for dietary needs.

What is PESTE analysis?

Political, Economic, Socio-cultural, Technological, and Ecological factors that can impact a business.

Elements of Porter's five forces?

New entrants, supplier power, customer power, substitute products, and competitive rivalry.

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Elements of quality?

Reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy.

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Elements of customer service?

Professionalism, attentiveness, responsiveness, and personalization.

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Examples of social responsibility?

Sustainable practices, community welfare, and fair labor.

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What are service standards?

Benchmarks of quality and service defining expected service level.

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Components of TQM?

Continuous improvement, customer satisfaction, and engaging all employees.

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Ways a food business can reduce costs?

Optimizing portion sizes, reducing waste, negotiating prices, efficient appliances, automating.

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What is a menu?

Dishes available listed with price

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Factors to consider in menu planning?

Target audience, dietary needs, ingredient availability, and restaurant theme.

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What is a spoken menu?

Menu options presented verbally.

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What is descriptive copy?

Involves detailed descriptions in menu dishes, origins to entice customers.

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What is 'truth in menu'?

Accuracy and honesty in menu descriptions reflecting what is served.

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Considerations in evaluating a menu?

Clarity, accuracy, pricing, brand alignment, and customer feedback.

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Monitoring customer satisfaction with a menu?

Customer feedback forms, online reviews, direct verbal feedback.

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Variety in a menu?

Offering wide range to cater to different tastes/needs appealing to customer segments.

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Types of menus?

À la carte, table d'hôte, buffet, static, cyclical, seasonal, and special event menus.

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Upselling?

Strategies to encourage customers to purchase more expensive items.

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Factors in planning a new kitchen?

Layout, storage, ventilation, fire suppression, and energy efficiency.

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Safety aspects in kitchen planning?

Non-slip floors, fire extinguisher placement, evacuation routes, safe electrical.

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Planning for workflow?

Minimize cross-traffic, distinct zones for preparation, ergonomics.

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Production scheduling?

Planning preparation, cooking, dish timing, ingredient/staff management.

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Access to ancillary areas?

Effective access to storage, waste disposal, delivery zones easily accessible.

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Points to consider choice of building fabric?

Durable, easy to clean, heat resistant, and fire-safe materials.

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What is Menu Engineering Model?

Tool to analyze item profitability and popularity (stars, puzzles, plowhorses, dogs).

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What 3 factors do you consider in menu engineering?

Contribution margin, popularity, and cost of goods sold.

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Menu engineering as decision-making tool?

Structured approach that helps to evaluate the menu's profitability/appeal.

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Upselling the menu?

Encouraging customers to purchase more expensive items or add-ons.

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Define ethics.

Philosophical study of moral right/wrong and principles governing behavior.

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Corporate social responsibility?

Business commitment to sustainable community development with employee welfare.

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Ways a business can be socially responsible?

Engage in conservation, donate, labor practices, offer fair wages, provide safe environment.

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What is the triple bottom line?

Strategy including social, economic, environmental considerations into biz practices.

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Explain Sustainability.

Maintaining/improving human life quality/longevity, through practices that support balance.

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Ways to be sustainable in culinary business?

Sourcing locally, reducing food waste, using energy efficient appliances, recycling.

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How can employer behave ethically toward employees?

Fair labor, safe conditions, fair compensation, respect, inclusive workplace.

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Obligations of employee in relation to employment?

Maintain confidentiality, avoid conflicts, perform duties, and honor company property.

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Explain corporate governance.

Balance stakeholder interests: shareholders, management, customers, suppliers, financiers.

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Qualities of ethical leader?

Integrity, accountability, fairness, empathy, inspiration among employees.

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Study Notes

  • Culinary Operations 2023 short questions and answers

Dimensions of Hospitality Service

  • Defined by tangibility, perishability, variability, simultaneity, inseparability, and heterogeneity
  • These differentiate hospitality services from physical goods

Factors in a Meal Experience

  • Quality and taste of food matters
  • Staff service quality is important
  • Ambiance and cleanliness of dining area affect experience
  • Price and value for money is key
  • Location convenience is a factor
  • Menu variety caters to dietary needs

PESTE Analysis

  • Assesses external factors impacting a business
  • Political factors include government regulations and tax policies
  • Economic factors include economic growth and exchange rates
  • Socio-cultural factors include cultural trends and population demographics
  • Technological factors include new technologies in food preservation and online booking systems
  • Ecological factors include sustainability practices and waste management

Porter's Five Forces

  • Framework to understand competitive forces
  • Includes threat of new entrants
  • Includes bargaining power of suppliers and customers
  • Includes threat of substitute products
  • Includes rivalry among competitors

Four Elements of Quality

  • Reliability (consistency of service) is key
  • Responsiveness (timeliness and helpfulness) matters
  • Assurance (knowledge and courtesy of employees) makes a difference
  • Empathy (caring, individualized attention) improves customer experience

Elements of Customer Service

  • Professionalism (staff knowledge and skills) is crucial
  • Attentiveness (listening and responding to needs) counts
  • Responsiveness (quick, efficient service) is important
  • Personalization (tailoring to preferences) matters

Examples of Social Responsibility

  • Implementing sustainable practices reduces environmental impact
  • Engaging in community welfare is beneficial
  • Promoting fair treatment and good conditions for employees is neccessary

Service Standards

  • Benchmarks of quality to define expected service levels
  • Ensure consistency and maintain guest satisfaction

Total Quality Management (TQM) Components

  • Continuous process improvement is essential
  • Customer satisfaction focus is important
  • Involving all employees in problem-solving and decisions is key

Ways to Reduce Food Business Costs

  • Optimize food portion sizes
  • Reduce waste via better inventory management
  • Negotiate better prices with suppliers
  • Use energy-efficient appliances
  • Automate processes to reduce labor costs

Definition of a Menu

  • A list of dishes with prices for customer selection

Factors in Menu Planning

  • Target audience and Dietary preferences should be considered
  • Seasonal ingredient availability is important
  • Ingredient costs need consideration
  • Restaurant theme is also relevant.
  • Balance and variety of the menu is a key

Spoken Menu

  • Menu verbally presented, not written
  • Advantages include personal interaction and instant updates without reprint costs
  • Disadvantages include potential miscommunication and inability to browse

Descriptive Copy

  • Detailed menu descriptions entices customers
  • Includes ingredients, preparation, and origins

"Truth in Menu"

  • Accurate, honest menu descriptions.
  • Ensures what's described is what’s served
  • Includes ingredient quality, portion size, and preparation

Evaluating a Menu

  • Points to consider: clarity, readability, accuracy, pricing
  • Consider brand alignment and customer feedback

Monitoring Customer Satisfaction with a Menu

  • Includes feedback forms, online reviews, and verbal feedback
  • Sales data helps identify popular items
  • Observing customer behavior during dining

Variety in a Menu

  • Wide range of food items catering to tastes
  • Accounts for dietary needs and preferences

Types of Menus

  • à la carte, table d'hôte, buffet, static
  • cyclical, seasonal, and special event menus

Upselling the Menu

  • Encouraging customers to buy more expensive items, upgrades, or add-ons.
  • Improves sales
  • Premium side dish or wine suggestion example.

Planning a New Kitchen

  • Layout for efficient movement is necessary
  • Adequate storage space for ingredients and equipment is needed
  • Ventilation systems to manage heat and odors are paramount
  • Fire safety systems are an essential install
  • Employ energy-efficient appliances to reduce cost.

Safety in Kitchen Planning

  • Non-slip floors prevent falls
  • Fire extinguishers must be properly placed
  • Clear evacuation routes are needed
  • Electrical installations safely guarded
  • Equipment safely accessible

Kitchen Workflow Planning

  • Minimize cross-traffic
  • Organize zones for prep, cooking, cleaning
  • Place equipment for efficiency
  • Consider ergonomics to reduce strain on staff

Production Scheduling

  • Planning prep and cooking for prompt service at optimal quality
  • Coordinates timing, demand, availability, and staff

Access to Ancillary Areas

  • Efficient, secure design to storage, disposal, and delivery zones
  • Access for staff, restricted from public
  • Maintains sanitation and safety

Choosing Building Fabric

  • Durable, easy to clean , and resistant to heat and moisture
  • Meet fire safety standards and support efficient insulation
  • Decision-making tool for restaurants
  • Analyzes menu profitability and popularity
  • Categories include: stars, puzzles, plowhorses, and dogs
  • Aids strategic decisions for design and pricing

Factors in Menu Engineering

  • Contribution margin (profitability) of each item
  • Popularity (sales volume) of each item
  • Cost of goods sold (direct production costs)
  • Structured approach to evaluate menu effectiveness in terms of the profitability
  • Profitability is related to customer appeal
  • Helps make informed decisions about pricing, placement, and promotions

What is Upselling?

  • Restaurants encourages customers to purchase more expensive items or add-ons
  • Enhances dining, increases the average transaction
  • Achieved via staff suggestions, design tactics, and promotional offers

Ethics Defined

  • Philosophical study of moral right and wrong
  • Principles governing behavior

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

  • Commitment to community's sustainable development
  • Welfare of employees, families, and society
  • Reducing carbon footprint by using renewable energy is an example.

Ways a Business Can Be Socially Responsible

  • Environmental conservation efforts
  • Donating to local charities
  • Implementing ethical labor practices
  • Offering fair wages
  • Safe working environment

Triple Bottom Line

  • Business strategy with social, economic, and environmental considerations
  • Measures financial, social, environmental company impacts

Sustainability Explained.

  • Ability to maintain/improve human life and planet
  • Ecological balance, avoids depleting resources

Being Sustainable in a Culinary Business

  • Source ingredients locally
  • Reduce food waste with better inventory management
  • Use energy-efficient appliances
  • Recycle waste

Ethical Employer Behavior

  • Ensures fair labor via safe, healthy conditions
  • Offers fair compensation and respects rights
  • Fosters inclusive workplace

Employee's Ethical Obligations

  • Maintain confidentiality
  • Avoid conflicts of interest
  • Diligently and honestly perform duties
  • Respect company property and policies

Corporate Governance

  • Systems, processes, and policies that direct and control a company
  • Balances interests of stakeholders

Qualities of Ethical Leader

  • Integrity, accountability, fairness, and empathy
  • Decision-making capabilities
  • Inspires and fosters trust

What is a System?

  • Interconnected parts working as a complex whole
  • Designed to achieve objectives

Factors in Menu Planning

  • Considers preferences for customers
  • Considers cost of ingredients
  • Seasonal ingredients should be considered
  • Staff skills and equipment available should be assessed
  • Theme of restaurant should be relevant

"Truth in the Menu" Defined.

  • Ethical practice of accurately describing food
  • Avoids misleading customers about nature, quality, and origin
  • Used to enhance restaurant profitability
  • Analyzes items based on popularity and profitability
  • Optimizes menu design and item placement

Descriptive Copy Example

  • Detailed menu descriptions help customer choices
  • "Grilled Salmon Fillet with dill-infused lemon butter sauce, served with organic green salad" is an Example

Elements of TQM

  • Continuous improvement is required
  • Customer focus and team approach are essential elements
  • Ongoing enhancement of products, services, and processes with customer satisfaction should be prioritized
  • All member must be involved

Ways a Business Can Be Ethical

  • Providing fair pay and benefits is crucial
  • Ensuring safe, healthy work environment
  • Fostering honest communication

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